<a href="http://webabcd.blog.51cto.com/1787395/343999" target="_blank">[索引頁]</a>
化零為整WCF(4) - 異常處理(Exception、FaultException、FaultException<T>、IErrorHandler)
介紹
WCF(Windows Communication Foundation) - 異常處理：一般Exception的處理，FaultException和FaultException<T>的抛出和處理，使用IErrorHandler處理異常。
示例
1、服務
IHello.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;
namespace WCF.ServiceLib.Exception
{
/// <summary>
/// IHello接口
/// </summary>
[ServiceContract]
public interface IHello
{
/// <summary>
/// 抛出Exception異常
/// </summary>
[OperationContract]
void HelloException();
/// 抛出FaultException異常
void HelloFaultException();
/// 抛出FaultException<T>異常
[FaultContract(typeof(FaultMessage))]
void HelloFaultExceptionGeneric();
/// IErrorHandler處理異常
void HelloIErrorHandler();
}
}
FaultMessage.cs
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
/// 錯誤資訊實體類（用于錯誤契約FaultContract）
[DataContract]
public class FaultMessage
/// 錯誤資訊
[DataMember]
public string Message { get; set; }
/// 錯誤代碼
public int ErrorCode { get; set; }
FaultErrorHandler.cs
using System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher;
using System.Configuration;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;
/// 自定義錯誤處理器（繼承自System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.IErrorHandler）
public class FaultErrorHandler : IErrorHandler
/// 在異常傳回給用戶端之後被調用
/// <param name="error">異常</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool HandleError(System.Exception error)
{
System.IO.StreamWriter sw = new System.IO.StreamWriter(@"C:\WCF_Log.txt", true);
sw.Write("IErrorHandler - HandleError測試。錯誤類型：{0}；錯誤資訊：{1}", error.GetType().ToString(), error.Message);
sw.WriteLine();
sw.Flush();
sw.Close();
// true - 已處理
return true;
}
/// 在異常發生後，異常資訊傳回前被調用
/// <param name="version">SOAP版本</param>
/// <param name="fault">傳回給用戶端的錯誤資訊</param>
public void ProvideFault(System.Exception error, System.ServiceModel.Channels.MessageVersion version, ref System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message fault)
if (error is System.IO.IOException)
{
FaultException ex = new FaultException("IErrorHandler - ProvideFault測試");
MessageFault mf = ex.CreateMessageFault();
fault = Message.CreateMessage(version, mf, ex.Action);
// InvalidOperationException error = new InvalidOperationException("An invalid operation has occurred.");
// MessageFault mfault = MessageFault.CreateFault(new FaultCode("Server", new FaultCode(String.Format("Server.{0}", error.GetType().Name))), new FaultReason(error.Message), error);
// FaultException fe = FaultException.CreateFault(mfault, typeof(InvalidOperationException));
}
Hello.cs
using System.ServiceModel.Description;
/// Hello類
public class Hello : IHello, IDisposable, IServiceBehavior
public void HelloException()
throw new System.Exception("抛出Exception異常");
public void HelloFaultException()
throw new FaultException("抛出FaultException異常", new FaultCode("服務"));
public void HelloFaultExceptionGeneric()
throw new FaultException<FaultMessage>(new FaultMessage { Message = "抛出FaultException<T>異常", ErrorCode = -1 }, "為了測試FaultException<T>用的");
public void HelloIErrorHandler()
throw new System.IO.IOException("抛出異常，用IErrorHandler處理");
/// 實作IDisposable接口的Dispose()方法
public void Dispose()
/// 為契約增加自定義綁定參數
/// <param name="serviceDescription">服務描述</param>
/// <param name="serviceHostBase">服務宿主</param>
/// <param name="endpoints">服務端點</param>
/// <param name="bindingParameters">需要增加的自定義綁定參數</param>
public void AddBindingParameters(ServiceDescription serviceDescription, ServiceHostBase serviceHostBase, System.Collections.ObjectModel.Collection<ServiceEndpoint> endpoints, System.ServiceModel.Channels.BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters)
/// runtime時修改屬性值或增加自定義擴充對象
public void ApplyDispatchBehavior(ServiceDescription serviceDescription, ServiceHostBase serviceHostBase)
IErrorHandler handler = new FaultErrorHandler();
foreach (ChannelDispatcher dispatcher in serviceHostBase.ChannelDispatchers)
// 增加錯誤處理器
dispatcher.ErrorHandlers.Add(handler);
/// 檢查服務描述和服務宿主，以确認服務可以成功運作
public void Validate(ServiceDescription serviceDescription, ServiceHostBase serviceHostBase)
2、宿主
Hello.svc
<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="WCF.ServiceLib.Exception.Hello" %>
Web.config
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="ExceptionBehavior">
<!--httpGetEnabled - 使用get方式提供服務-->
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<services>
<!--name - 提供服務的類名-->
<!--behaviorConfiguration - 指定相關的行為配置-->
<service name="WCF.ServiceLib.Exception.Hello" behaviorConfiguration="ExceptionBehavior">
<!--address - 服務位址-->
<!--binding - 通信方式-->
<!--contract - 服務契約-->
<endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WCF.ServiceLib.Exception.IHello" />
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
3、用戶端
Hello.aspx
<%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Hello.aspx.cs"
Inherits="Exception_Hello" Title="異常處理(Exception、FaultException、FaultException<T>、IErrorHandler)" %>
<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" runat="Server">
</asp:Content>
<asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="Server">
<div>
<asp:Label ID="lblMsg" runat="server" />
</div>
<br />
<asp:Button ID="btnHelloException" runat="server" Text="HelloException" OnClick="btnHelloException_Click" />
<asp:Button ID="btnHelloFaultException" runat="server" Text="HelloFaultException"
OnClick="btnHelloFaultException_Click" />
<asp:Button ID="btnHelloFaultExceptionGeneric" runat="server" Text="HelloFaultExceptionGeneric"
OnClick="btnHelloFaultExceptionGeneric_Click" />
<asp:Button ID="btnHelloIErrorHandler" runat="server" Text="HelloIErrorHandler" OnClick="btnHelloIErrorHandler_Click" />
</asp:Content>
Hello.aspx.cs
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Xml.Linq;
public partial class Exception_Hello : System.Web.UI.Page
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
protected void btnHelloException_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
ExceptionService.HelloClient proxy = new ExceptionService.HelloClient();
try
proxy.HelloException();
catch (Exception ex)
lblMsg.Text = ex.Message;
finally
try
proxy.Close();
catch (Exception ex)
lblMsg.Text += "<br />" + ex.Message;
protected void btnHelloFaultException_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
proxy.HelloFaultException();
catch (FaultException ex)
lblMsg.Text = string.Format("錯誤編碼：{0}；錯誤原因：{1}",
ex.Code.Name,
ex.Reason.ToString());
proxy.Close();
protected void btnHelloFaultExceptionGeneric_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
proxy.HelloFaultExceptionGeneric();
catch (System.ServiceModel.FaultException<ExceptionService.FaultMessage> ex)
lblMsg.Text = string.Format("錯誤代碼：{0}；錯誤資訊：{1}；錯誤原因：{2}",
ex.Detail.ErrorCode.ToString(),
ex.Detail.Message,
protected void btnHelloIErrorHandler_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
proxy.HelloIErrorHandler();
System.ServiceModel.FaultException faultException = ex as System.ServiceModel.FaultException;
if (faultException != null)
lblMsg.Text = string.Format("錯誤資訊：{0}", faultException.Message);
else
lblMsg.Text = ex.ToString();
<client>
<!--address - 服務位址-->
<!--binding - 通信方式-->
<!--contract - 服務契約-->
<endpoint address="http://localhost:3502/ServiceHost/Exception/Hello.svc" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="ExceptionService.IHello" />
</client>
運作結果：
單擊"btnHelloException"後顯示
抛出Exception異常
The communication object, System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannel, cannot be used for communication because it is in the Faulted state.
單擊"btnHelloFaultException"後顯示
錯誤編碼：服務；錯誤原因：抛出FaultException異常
單擊"btnHelloFaultExceptionGeneric"後顯示
錯誤代碼：-1；錯誤資訊：抛出FaultException異常；錯誤原因：為了測試FaultException用的
單擊"btnHelloIErrorHandler"後顯示
錯誤資訊：IErrorHandler - ProvideFault測試
OK
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本文轉自webabcd 51CTO部落格，原文連結：http://blog.51cto.com/webabcd/344112，如需轉載請自行聯系原作者
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