由于網站使用nfs共享方式儲存使用者上傳的圖檔，附件等資料，然後通過apache下載下傳的方式供使用者通路，在網站架構初期，使用這種簡單的方式實作了靜态資源的讀寫分離，但随着網站資料量的增加，圖檔伺服器漸漸成為整個網站的短闆，緣次催生了使用fastfds的想法，故而先進行一番簡單的測試！在開始之前還是先來看看fastfds的介紹資訊：
FastDFS is an open source high performance distributed file system (DFS). It's major functions include: file storing, file syncing and file accessing, and design for high capacity and load balancing.
FastDFS is an open source high performance distributed file system. It's major functions include: file storing, file syncing and file accessing (file uploading and file downloading), and it can resolve the high capacity and load balancing problem. FastDFS should meet the requirement of the website whose service based on files such as photo sharing site and vidio sharing site.
FastDFS has two roles: tracker and storage. The tracker takes charge of scheduling and load balancing for file access. The storage store files and it's function is file management including: file storing, file syncing, providing file access interface. It also manage the meta data which are attributes representing as key value pair of the file. For example: width=1024, the key is "width" and the value is "1024".
The tracker and storage contain one or more servers. The servers in the tracker or storage cluster can be added to or removed from the cluster by any time without affecting the online services. The servers in the tracker cluster are peer to peer.
The storarge servers organizing by the file volume/group to obtain high capacity. The storage system contains one or more volumes whose files are independent among these volumes. The capacity of the whole storage system equals to the sum of all volumes' capacity. A file volume contains one or more storage servers whose files are same among these servers. The servers in a file volume backup each other, and all these servers are load balancing. When adding a storage server to a volume, files already existing in this volume are replicated to this new server automatically, and when this replication done, system will switch this server online to providing storage services. When the whole storage capacity is insufficiency, you can add one or more volumes to expand the storage capacity. To do this, you need to add one or more storage servers.
The identification of a file is composed of two parts: the volume name and the file name.
大意為：
fastdfs是一個開源的，高性能的的分布式檔案系統，他主要的功能包括：檔案存儲，同步和通路，設計基于高可用和負載均衡，fastfd非常适用于基于檔案服務的站點，例如圖檔分享和視訊分享網站
fastfds有兩個角色：跟蹤服務和存儲服務，跟蹤服務控制，排程檔案以負載均衡的方式通路；存儲服務包括：檔案存儲，檔案同步，提供檔案通路接口，同時以key value的方式管理檔案的中繼資料
跟蹤和存儲服務可以由1台或者多台伺服器組成，同時可以動态的添加，删除跟蹤和存儲服務而不會對線上的服務産生影響，在叢集中，tracker服務是對等的
存儲系統由一個或多個卷組成，卷與卷之間的檔案是互相獨立的，所有卷的檔案容量累加就是整個存儲系統中的檔案容量。一個卷可以由一台或多台存儲伺服器組成，一個卷下的存儲伺服器中的檔案都是相同的，卷中的多台存儲伺服器起到了備援備份和負載均衡的作用。在卷中增加伺服器時，同步已有的檔案由系統自動完成，同步完成後，系統自動将新增伺服器切換到線上提供服務。當存儲空間不足或即将耗盡時，可以動态添加卷。隻需要增加一台或多台伺服器，并将它們配置為一個新的卷，這樣就擴大了存儲系統的容量。
下面幾張圖可以清楚的說明fastfds的架構和檔案上傳和下載下傳流程等：
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<a target="_blank" href="http://blog.51cto.com/attachment/201207/092704346.jpg"></a>
<a target="_blank" href="http://blog.51cto.com/attachment/201207/092722369.jpg"></a>
<a target="_blank" href="http://blog.51cto.com/attachment/201207/092740824.jpg"></a>
下面将介紹下fastdfs在rhel上的部署過程
tracker伺服器：192.168.123.110/24
storage伺服器：192.168.123.20/24
一：編譯安裝
[root@db1 ~]# wget http://cloud.github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.14
-stable.tar.gz
[root@db1 ~]# tar -zxvpf libevent-2.0.14-stable.tar.gz
[root@db1 ~]# cd libevent-2.0.14-stable
[root@db1 libevent-2.0.14-stable]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14 &&
make && make install
[root@db1 ~]# wget http://fastdfs.googlecode.com/files/FastDFS_v3.02.tar.gz
[root@db1 ~]# tar -zxvf FastDFS_v3.02.tar.gz
[root@db1 ~]# cd FastDFS
[root@db1 FastDFS]# grep -A 4 '/usr/local/FastDFS' make.sh
TARGET_PREFIX=/usr/local/FastDFS
TARGET_CONF_PATH=/etc/fdfs
WITH_HTTPD=1
WITH_LINUX_SERVICE=1
[root@db1 FastDFS]# ./make.sh C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/include
LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/lib
[root@db1 FastDFS]# ./make.sh install
[root@db1 FastDFS]# ls /etc/fdfs/
client.conf http.conf mime.types storage.conf tracker.conf
二：tracker配置檔案
[root@db1 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf |grep -v '^$'
disabled=false
bind_addr=192.168.123.110
port=22122
connect_timeout=30
network_timeout=60
base_path=/home/data/fastdfs
max_connections=256
work_threads=4
store_lookup=2
store_group=group2
store_server=0
store_path=0
download_server=0
reserved_storage_space = 4GB
log_level=info
run_by_group=
run_by_user=
allow_hosts=*
sync_log_buff_interval = 10
check_active_interval = 120
thread_stack_size = 64KB
storage_ip_changed_auto_adjust = true
storage_sync_file_max_delay = 86400
storage_sync_file_max_time = 300
use_trunk_file = false
slot_min_size = 256
slot_max_size = 16MB
trunk_file_size = 64MB
http.disabled=false
http.server_port=8080
http.check_alive_interval=30
http.check_alive_type=tcp
http.check_alive_uri=/status.html
http.need_find_content_type=true
[root@db1 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/fdfs/http.conf |grep -v '^$'
http.default_content_type = application/octet-stream
http.mime_types_filename=/etc/fdfs/mime.types
http.anti_steal.check_token=false
http.anti_steal.token_ttl=900
http.anti_steal.secret_key=FastDFS1234567890
http.anti_steal.token_check_fail=/home/data/fastdfs/conf/anti-steal.jpg
三：啟動tracker服務，需要注意tracker.conf檔案最後一行為#include httpd.conf
[root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/FastDFS/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
/usr/local/FastDFS/bin/fdfs_trackerd: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-
2.0.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@db1 ~]# echo '/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/include/' >> /etc/ld.so.conf
[root@db1 ~]# echo '/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/lib/' >> /etc/ld.so.conf
[root@db1 ~]# ldconfig
[2012-07-04 17:52:25] ERROR - file: tracker_func.c, line: 160, "/home/data/fastdfs"
can't be accessed, error info: No such file or directory
[root@db1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/data/fastdfs
[root@db1 ~]# echo $?
22
[root@db1 ~]# cat /home/data/fastdfs/logs/trackerd.log
[2012-07-04 17:52:50] ERROR - file: ../common/fdfs_http_shared.c, line: 128, param
"http.mime_types_filename" not exist or is empty
[root@db1 ~]# tail -1 /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
#include http.conf
[root@db1 ~]# ps -ef |grep track
root 3535 1 0 15:47 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/FastDFS/bin/fdfs_trackerd
/etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
[root@db1 ~]# netstat -ntpl |grep fdfs
tcp 0 0 192.168.123.110:22122 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
3535/fdfs_trackerd
tcp 0 0 192.168.123.110:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
3535/fdfs_trackerd
四：storage配置檔案
[root@db2 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/fdfs/storage.conf |grep -v '^$'
group_name=group1
bind_addr=192.168.123.20
client_bind=true
port=23000
heart_beat_interval=30
stat_report_interval=60
buff_size = 256KB
disk_rw_separated = true
disk_rw_direct = false
disk_reader_threads = 1
disk_writer_threads = 1
sync_wait_msec=50
sync_interval=0
sync_start_time=00:00
sync_end_time=23:59
write_mark_file_freq=500
store_path_count=1
store_path0=/home/data/fastdfs
subdir_count_per_path=256
tracker_server=192.168.123.110:22122
file_distribute_path_mode=0
file_distribute_rotate_count=100
fsync_after_written_bytes=0
sync_log_buff_interval=10
sync_binlog_buff_interval=10
sync_stat_file_interval=300
thread_stack_size=512KB
upload_priority=10
if_alias_prefix=
check_file_duplicate=0
key_namespace=FastDFS
keep_alive=0
httphttp.domain_name=
http.server_port=8888
http.trunk_size=256KB
[root@db2 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/fdfs/client.conf |grep -v '^$'
http.tracker_server_port=8080
[root@db2 ~]# grep -v '^#' /etc/fdfs/http.conf |grep -v '^$'
http.mime_types_filename=mime.types
五：啟動storage，需要注意storage.conf檔案最後一行為#include httpd.conf
[root@db2 ~]# mkdir -p /home/data/fastdfs
[root@db2 ~]# echo '/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/include/' >> /etc/ld.so.conf
[root@db2 ~]# echo '/usr/local/libevent-2.0.14/lib/' >> /etc/ld.so.conf
[root@db2 ~]# ldconfig
[root@db2 ~]# tail -2 /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
#use "#include" directive to include HTTP other settings
[root@db2 ~]# /usr/local/FastFDS/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
mkdir data path: 00 ...
mkdir data path: 01 ...
mkdir data path: 02 ...
———輸出省略————
data path: /home/data/fastdfs/data, mkdir sub dir done.
[root@db2 ~]# ps -ef |grep fdfs
root 14451 1 0 16:15 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/FastFDS/bin/fdfs_storaged
/etc/fdfs/storage.conf
root 14468 8238 0 16:16 pts/1 00:00:00 grep fdfs
[root@db2 ~]# netstat -ntpl |grep fdfs
tcp 0 0 192.168.123.20:8888 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
14451/fdfs_storaged
tcp 0 0 192.168.123.20:23000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
14451/fdfs_storaged
五：測試檔案上傳
[root@db2 ~]# /usr/local/FastFDS/bin/fdfs_test /etc/fdfs/client.conf upload /etc/passwd
This is FastDFS client test program v3.02
Copyright (C) 2008, Happy Fish / YuQing
FastDFS may be copied only under the terms of the GNU General
Public License V3, which may be found in the FastDFS source kit.
for more detail.
[2012-07-30 16:25:59] INFO - base_path=/home/data/fastdfs, connect_timeout=30,
network_timeout=60, tracker_server_count=1, anti_steal_token=0, anti_steal_secret_key length=0 tracker_query_storage_store_list_without_group:
server 1. group_name=group1, ip_addr=192.168.123.20, port=23000 group_name=group1, ip_addr=192.168.123.20, port=23000
storage_upload_by_filename
group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWRRfcMOGtAAAHKBGhZhE8065783
source ip address: 192.168.123.20
file timestamp=2012-07-30 16:25:59
file size=1832
file crc32=295790097
storage_upload_slave_by_filename
group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWRRfcMOGtAAAHKBGhZhE8065783_big
[root@db2 ~]# /usr/local/FastFDS/bin/fdfs_test /etc/fdfs/client.conf upload 2.jpg
[2012-07-30 16:29:22] INFO - base_path=/home/data/fastdfs, connect_timeout=30, network_timeout=60, tracker_server_count=1, anti_steal_token=0, anti_steal_secret_key length=0 tracker_query_storage_store_list_without_group:
group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWReLzPs4sAAEYquSDGwc472.jpg
file timestamp=2012-07-30 16:29:22
file size=71850
file crc32=3833797383
group_name=group1, remote_filename=M00/00/00/wKh7FFAWReLzPs4sAAEYquSDGwc472_big.jpg
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本文轉自斬月部落格51CTO部落格，原文連結http://blog.51cto.com/ylw6006/948729如需轉載請自行聯系原作者
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