HDOJ(HDU) 2304 Electrical Outlets(求和、、)

Problem Description

Roy has just moved into a new apartment. Well, actually the apartment itself is not very new, even dating back to the days before people had electricity in their houses. Because of this, Roy’s apartment has only one single wall outlet, so Roy can only power one of his electrical appliances at a time.

Roy likes to watch TV as he works on his computer, and to listen to his HiFi system (on high volume) while he vacuums, so using just the single outlet is not an option. Actually, he wants to have all his appliances connected to a powered outlet, all the time. The answer, of course, is power strips, and Roy has some old ones that he used in his old apartment. However, that apartment had many more wall outlets, so he is not sure whether his power strips will provide him with enough outlets now.

Your task is to help Roy compute how many appliances he can provide with electricity, given a set of power strips. Note that without any power strips, Roy can power one single appliance through the wall outlet. Also, remember that a power strip has to be powered itself to be of any use.

Input

Input will start with a single integer 1 <= N <= 20, indicating the number of test cases to follow. Then follow N lines, each describing a test case. Each test case starts with an integer 1 <= K <= 10, indicating the number of power strips in the test case. Then follow, on the same line, K integers separated by single spaces, O1 O2 … OK, where 2 <= Oi <= 10, indicating the number of outlets in each power strip.

Output

Output one line per test case, with the maximum number of appliances that can be powered.

Sample Input

3

3 2 3 4

10 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

4 10 10 10 10

Sample Output

7

31

37

這個是關于排插的問題，就是給你m個排插，每個排插上有x個孔，最開始隻有一個牆壁能插一個排插，問能插多少個電器，一個電器要占一個孔。

也就是把這些排插給串起來，串起來的排插也需要占一個孔，然後因為最後一個排插不用被排插占一個孔，是以不用減一，

是以答案就是：m個排插的孔全部加起來，再減去（m-1）;