遠端線程作為一項"合法"的代碼注入技術,在windows上被大量使用, 它的本質就是把一塊可執行代碼寫入到對方程序,然後讓其起運作起來。
一般它的實作過程是這樣的, 通過VirtualAllocEx在目标程序配置設定記憶體空間,然後通過WriteProcessMemory将我們的可執行代碼寫入到目标程序,最後通過CreateRemoteThread讓我們的可執行代碼在目标程序裡運作起來。
一般實作遠端線程有2種方法, 一種是《windows核心程式設計》裡介紹的,通過線程函數和LoadLibrary API函數申明的相似性, 直接在目标程序裡調用LoadLibrary加載我們DLL,這樣我們隻要在DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH裡執行我們的代碼就可以了。代碼如下, 通過InjectLib在目标程序加載我們的DLL, 通過EjectLib解除安裝我們的DLL:
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
BOOL WINAPI InjectLibW(DWORD dwProcessId, PCWSTR pszLibFile)
{
BOOL fOk = FALSE; // Assume that the function fails
HANDLE hProcess = NULL, hThread = NULL;
PWSTR pszLibFileRemote = NULL;
__try {
// Get a handle for the target process.
hProcess = OpenProcess(
PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION | // Required by Alpha
PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD | // For CreateRemoteThread
PROCESS_VM_OPERATION | // For VirtualAllocEx/VirtualFreeEx
PROCESS_VM_WRITE, // For WriteProcessMemory
FALSE, dwProcessId);
if (hProcess == NULL)
{
__leave;
}
// Calculate the number of bytes needed for the DLL's pathname
int cch = 1 + lstrlenW(pszLibFile);
int cb = cch * sizeof(WCHAR);
// Allocate space in the remote process for the pathname
pszLibFileRemote = (PWSTR)
VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, NULL, cb, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
if (pszLibFileRemote == NULL)
{
__leave;
// Copy the DLL's pathname to the remote process's address space
if (!WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, pszLibFileRemote,
(PVOID) pszLibFile, cb, NULL))
// Get the real address of LoadLibraryW in Kernel32.dll
PTHREAD_START_ROUTINE pfnThreadRtn = (PTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)
GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(TEXT("Kernel32")), "LoadLibraryW");
if (pfnThreadRtn == NULL)
// Create a remote thread that calls LoadLibraryW(DLLPathname)
hThread = CreateRemoteThread(hProcess, NULL, 0,
pfnThreadRtn, pszLibFileRemote, 0, NULL);
if (hThread == NULL)
// Wait for the remote thread to terminate
WaitForSingleObject(hThread, INFINITE);
fOk = TRUE; // Everything executed successfully
}
__finally { // Now, we can clean everthing up
// Free the remote memory that contained the DLL's pathname
if (pszLibFileRemote != NULL)
VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, pszLibFileRemote, 0, MEM_RELEASE);
if (hThread != NULL)
CloseHandle(hThread);
if (hProcess != NULL)
CloseHandle(hProcess);
return(fOk);
}
BOOL WINAPI InjectLibA(DWORD dwProcessId, PCSTR pszLibFile)
// Allocate a (stack) buffer for the Unicode version of the pathname
PWSTR pszLibFileW = (PWSTR)
_alloca((lstrlenA(pszLibFile) + 1) * sizeof(WCHAR));
// Convert the ANSI pathname to its Unicode equivalent
wsprintfW(pszLibFileW, L"%S", pszLibFile);
// Call the Unicode version of the function to actually do the work.
return(InjectLibW(dwProcessId, pszLibFileW));
BOOL WINAPI EjectLibW(DWORD dwProcessId, PCWSTR pszLibFile)
HANDLE hthSnapshot = NULL;
// Grab a new snapshot of the process
hthSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPMODULE, dwProcessId);
if (hthSnapshot == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
// Get the HMODULE of the desired library
MODULEENTRY32W me = { sizeof(me) };
BOOL fFound = FALSE;
BOOL fMoreMods = Module32FirstW(hthSnapshot, &me);
for (; fMoreMods; fMoreMods = Module32NextW(hthSnapshot, &me)) {
fFound = (lstrcmpiW(me.szModule, pszLibFile) == 0) ||
(lstrcmpiW(me.szExePath, pszLibFile) == 0);
if (fFound) break;
if (!fFound)
PROCESS_CREATE_THREAD |
PROCESS_VM_OPERATION, // For CreateRemoteThread
{
GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(TEXT("Kernel32")), "FreeLibrary");
pfnThreadRtn, me.modBaseAddr, 0, NULL);
__finally { // Now we can clean everything up
if (hthSnapshot != NULL)
CloseHandle(hthSnapshot);
if (hThread != NULL)
if (hProcess != NULL)
BOOL WINAPI EjectLibA(DWORD dwProcessId, PCSTR pszLibFile)
return(EjectLibW(dwProcessId, pszLibFileW));
上面這種方法注入的代碼它的優點是開發比較簡單,我們隻要用C++寫一個DLL,然後調用InjectLibW(processID, dllName)就可以了,但是因為代碼是運作在一個DLL裡,别人可以通過一些枚舉子產品的工具看到我們的DLL,是以隐蔽性不是很好。
我們不通過DLL,而是直接把可執行代碼拷貝到目标程序後運作,是以它是真正的遠端線程,通過這種方法,我們的代碼和目标程序已經完全融為一體,其他人根本無法察覺。
用這種方法實作, 它的要點是:
(1) Kernel32.DLL加載的基址在任何程序裡都是一樣的(其實上一種LoadLibrary方法也用到了這點), 是以GetProcAddress,GetModuleHandleA(W), LoadLibraryA(W)這些API的位址在任何程序裡都是一樣的, 是以我們在其他程序中用和本程序相同的位址調用這些API。
(2) 因為涉及到全局變量的重定位問題, 是以注入的代碼需要用彙編編寫, 并用以下彙編解決重定位問題