此elasticsearch-.yml配置檔案，是在$ES_HOME/config/下
elasticsearch-.yml（中文配置詳解）
# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
#
# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
# Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
# understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
# Please see the documentation for further information on configuration options:
# <http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/setup-configuration.html>
# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
# 叢集名稱，預設是elasticsearch
# cluster.name: my-application
# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
# Use a descriptive name for the node:
# 節點名稱，預設從elasticsearch-2.4.3/lib/elasticsearch-2.4.3.jar!config/names.txt中随機選擇一個名稱
# node.name: node-1
# Add custom attributes to the node:
#
# node.rack: r1
# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
# 可以指定es的資料存儲目錄，預設存儲在es_home/data目錄下
# path.data: /path/to/data
# Path to log files:
# 可以指定es的日志存儲目錄，預設存儲在es_home/logs目錄下
# path.logs: /path/to/logs
# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
# Lock the memory on startup:
# 鎖定實體記憶體位址，防止elasticsearch記憶體被交換出去,也就是避免es使用swap交換分區
# bootstrap.memory_lock: true
# 確定ES_HEAP_SIZE參數設定為系統可用記憶體的一半左右
# Make sure that the `ES_HEAP_SIZE` environment variable is set to about half the memory
# available on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this limit.
# 當系統進行記憶體交換的時候，es的性能很差
# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
# 為es設定ip綁定，預設是127.0.0.1，也就是預設隻能通過127.0.0.1 或者localhost才能通路
# es1.x版本預設綁定的是0.0.0.0 是以不需要配置，但是es2.x版本預設綁定的是127.0.0.1，需要配置
# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
# network.host: 192.168.0.1
# 為es設定自定義端口，預設是9200
# 注意：在同一個伺服器中啟動多個es節點的話，預設監聽的端口号會自動加1：例如：9200，9201，9202...
# Set a custom port for HTTP:
# http.port: 9200
# For more information, see the documentation at:
# <http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/modules-network.html>
# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
# 當啟動新節點時，通過這個ip清單進行節點發現，組建叢集
# 預設節點清單：
# 127.0.0.1，表示ipv4的回環位址。
# [::1]，表示ipv6的回環位址
# 在es1.x中預設使用的是多點傳播(multicast)協定，預設會自動發現同一網段的es節點組建叢集，
# 在es2.x中預設使用的是單點傳播(unicast)協定，想要組建叢集的話就需要在這指定要發現的節點資訊了。
# 注意：如果是發現其他伺服器中的es服務，可以不指定端口[預設9300]，如果是發現同一個伺服器中的es服務，就需要指定端口了。
# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:
# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
# discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["host1", "host2"]
# 通過配置這個參數來防止叢集腦裂現象 (叢集總節點數量/2)+1
# Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of nodes / 2 + 1):
# discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 3
# <http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/modules-discovery.html>
# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
# 一個叢集中的N個節點啟動後,才允許進行資料恢複處理，預設是1
# gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
# <http://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/modules-gateway.html>
# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
# 在一台伺服器上禁止啟動多個es服務
# Disable starting multiple nodes on a single system:
# node.max_local_storage_nodes: 1
# 設定是否可以通過正則或者_all删除或者關閉索引庫，預設true表示必須需要顯式指定索引庫名稱
# 生産環境建議設定為true，删除索引庫的時候必須顯式指定，否則可能會誤删索引庫中的索引庫。
# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
# action.destructive_requires_name: true
叢集名稱，預設是elasticsearch
輸入，http://192.168.80.200:9200/
預設存儲在es_home/data目錄下
total 60
drwxrwxr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 20 22:54 bin
drwxrwxr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 01:28 config
drwxrwxr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 20 22:59 data
drwxrwxr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 20 22:54 lib
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 11358 Aug 24 00:46 LICENSE.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 00:33 logs
drwxrwxr-x. 5 hadoop hadoop 4096 Dec 8 00:41 modules
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 150 Aug 24 00:46 NOTICE.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 4 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 23:13 plugins
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 8700 Aug 24 00:46 README.textile
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 288 Feb 21 07:07 request
[hadoop@djt002 elasticsearch-2.4.3]$ cd data/
[hadoop@djt002 data]$ pwd
/usr/local/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-2.4.3/data
[hadoop@djt002 data]$ ll
total 4
drwxrwxr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 20 23:00 elasticsearch
[hadoop@djt002 data]$ cd elasticsearch/
[hadoop@djt002 elasticsearch]$ ll
drwxrwxr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 20 23:00 nodes
[hadoop@djt002 elasticsearch]$ cd nodes/
[hadoop@djt002 nodes]$ ll
drwxrwxr-x. 4 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 22:51 0
[hadoop@djt002 nodes]$ cd 0
[hadoop@djt002 0]$ ll
total 8
drwxrwxr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 01:33 indices
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 0 Feb 20 23:00 node.lock
drwxrwxr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 22:51 _state
[hadoop@djt002 0]$
索引片段，裡面存放着具體的資料
如，segments_6，是在/usr/local/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-2.4.3/data/elasticsearch/nodes/0/indices/zhouls/0/index
[hadoop@djt002 0]$ cd indices/
[hadoop@djt002 indices]$ ll
drwxrwxr-x. 8 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 00:33 zhouls
[hadoop@djt002 indices]$ cd zhouls/
[hadoop@djt002 zhouls]$ ll
total 24
drwxrwxr-x. 5 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 00:33 0
drwxrwxr-x. 5 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 00:33 1
drwxrwxr-x. 5 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 00:33 2
drwxrwxr-x. 5 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 00:33 3
drwxrwxr-x. 5 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 00:33 4
[hadoop@djt002 zhouls]$ cd 0
total 12
drwxrwxr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 22:57 index
drwxrwxr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 21 22:51 translog
[hadoop@djt002 0]$ cd index/
[hadoop@djt002 index]$ pwd
/usr/local/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-2.4.3/data/elasticsearch/nodes/0/indices/zhouls/0/index
[hadoop@djt002 index]$ ll
total 16
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 363 Feb 21 03:35 _0.cfe
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 2488 Feb 21 03:35 _0.cfs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 371 Feb 21 03:35 _0.si
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 224 Feb 21 22:57 segments_6
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 0 Feb 21 00:33 write.lock
[hadoop@djt002 index]$
總結
1、es已經為大多數參數設定合理的預設值
2、這個配置檔案中列出來了針對生産環境下的一些重要配置
3、注意：這個檔案是yaml格式的檔案
（1）：屬性頂格寫，不能有空格
（2）：縮進一定不能使用tab制表符
（3）：屬性和值之間的:後面需要有空格
network.host: 192.168.80.200
4、es的1.*版本比2.*版本，這個配置檔案多了很多屬性，為什麼2.*版本沒了呢，因為，es很多地方做了預設配置。
本文轉自大資料躺過的坑部落格園部落格，原文連結：http://www.cnblogs.com/zlslch/p/6419948.html，如需轉載請自行聯系原作者