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背水一戰 Windows 10 (14) - 動畫: 線性動畫, 關鍵幀動畫

背水一戰 Windows 10 之 動畫: 線性動畫 - ColorAnimation, DoubleAnimation, PointAnimation; 關鍵幀動畫 - ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames, DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames, PointAnimationUsingKeyFrames, ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames

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背水一戰 Windows 10 (14) - 動畫: 線性動畫, 關鍵幀動畫

作者:webabcd

介紹

背水一戰 Windows 10 之 動畫

  • 線性動畫 - ColorAnimation, DoubleAnimation, PointAnimation
  • 關鍵幀動畫 - ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames, DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames, PointAnimationUsingKeyFrames, ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames

示例

1、示範線性動畫的應用

Animation/LinearAnimation.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="Windows10.Animation.LinearAnimation"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:Windows10.Animation"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        
        <!--
            線性動畫一共有 3 種:ColorAnimation, DoubleAnimation, PointAnimation, 它們均繼承自 Timeline
        
            Storyboard.TargetName - 附加屬性,要進行動畫處理的對象的名稱
            Storyboard.TargetProperty - 附加屬性,要進行動畫處理的對象的屬性
            BeginTime - 時間線在被觸發 BeginTime 的時間後才能開始播放
                TimeSpan - [-][日.]時:分:秒[.1位到7為的秒後的小數](可為正;可為負;可為空;預設值為 0)
            From - 動畫的起始值
            To - 動畫的結束值
            By - 動畫從起始值開始計算,所需變化的總量(To 優先于 By)
            Duration - 時間線的持續時間
                TimeSpan - [-][日.]時:分:秒[.1位到7為的秒後的小數]
                Automatic - 自動确定
                Forever - 無限長
            AutoReverse - 動畫完成後是否要原路傳回。預設值為 false
            RepeatBehavior - 動畫重複播放的時間、次數或類型
                TimeSpan - [-][日.]時:分:秒[.1位到7為的秒後的小數]
                nx - 播放次數。1x, 2x, 3x 
                Forever - 永久播放
            SpeedRatio - 時間線的速率的倍數。預設值 1
            FillBehavior - 動畫結束後的行為(System.Windows.Media.Animation.FillBehavior 枚舉)
                FillBehavior.HoldEnd - 動畫結束後,UI 保留動畫後的狀态。預設值
                FillBehavior.Stop - 動畫結束後,UI 恢複為動畫前的狀态
        
        
            注意:
            1、在 WinRT 中為了流暢的體驗,部分動畫被優化成了“獨立動畫”,即動畫不依賴于 UI 線程
            2、但是也有一部分動畫無法優化成“獨立動畫”,我們把這類動畫稱作“依賴動畫”,其需要在 UI 線程上運作
            3、通過将 EnableDependentAnimation 設定為 true(預設為 false),開啟“依賴動畫”
            4、通過将 Timeline.AllowDependentAnimations 設定為 false(預設為 true),可以全局禁止開啟“依賴動畫”
        
            Independent Animation - 獨立動畫
            Dependent Animation - 依賴動畫
        -->

        <Grid.Resources>
            <BeginStoryboard x:Name="storyboardColor">
                <Storyboard>
                    <!--Color 值線性動畫-->
                    <!--
                        動畫要修改的屬性是 Ellipse.Fill,Fill 是 Brush 類型,先把其轉換為 SolidColorBrush 類型,然後設定 SolidColorBrush 的 Color 屬性
                        是以将 Storyboard.TargetProperty 設定為 (Ellipse.Fill).(SolidColorBrush.Color),也可以設定為 (Fill).(SolidColorBrush.Color),也可以設定為 (Ellipse.Fill).Color,也可以設定為 (Fill).(Color)
                        類似的比如:(UIElement.RenderTransform).(CompositeTransform.TranslateY) 以及 (UIElement.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX) 等
                    -->
                    <ColorAnimation
                        Storyboard.TargetName="ellipse" 
                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Ellipse.Fill).(SolidColorBrush.Color)" 
                        BeginTime="00:00:00" 
                        From="Red" 
                        To="Yellow" 
                        Duration="0:0:3" 
                        AutoReverse="true" 
                        RepeatBehavior="3x">
                    </ColorAnimation>
                </Storyboard>
            </BeginStoryboard>

            <BeginStoryboard x:Name="storyboardDouble">
                <Storyboard>
                    <!--Double 值線性動畫-->
                    <!--
                        動畫要修改的屬性是 Canvas.Left(附加屬性)
                        将 Storyboard.TargetProperty 設定為 (Canvas.Left)
                    -->
                    <DoubleAnimation
                        Storyboard.TargetName="rectangle" 
                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Canvas.Left)"
                        From="100"
                        By="100"
                        BeginTime="0:0:0"
                        Duration="00:00:03"
                        AutoReverse="true"
                        RepeatBehavior="Forever">
                    </DoubleAnimation>
                </Storyboard>
            </BeginStoryboard>

            <Storyboard x:Name="storyboardPoint">
                <!--Point 值線性動畫-->
                <!--
                    動畫要修改的屬性是 Center
                    将 Storyboard.TargetProperty 設定為 Center,也可以将其設定為 (EllipseGeometry.Center)
                -->
                <PointAnimation 
                        EnableDependentAnimation="True"
                        Storyboard.TargetName="ellipseGeometry"
                        Storyboard.TargetProperty="Center"
                        BeginTime="00:00:00"
                        From="50,50"
                        To="200,200"
                        Duration="00:00:03"
                        AutoReverse="true"
                        RepeatBehavior="Forever">
                </PointAnimation>
            </Storyboard>
        </Grid.Resources>

        <StackPanel Margin="10 0 10 10">

            <Ellipse x:Name="ellipse" Fill="Orange" Width="200" Height="100" HorizontalAlignment="Left" />

            <Canvas Width="400" Height="100" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="0 10 0 0">
                <Rectangle x:Name="rectangle" Fill="Orange" Width="200" Height="100" Canvas.Left="100" />
            </Canvas>

            <Path Fill="Orange">
                <Path.Data>
                    <EllipseGeometry x:Name="ellipseGeometry" Center="50,50" RadiusX="15" RadiusY="15" />
                </Path.Data>
            </Path>

            <!--用于示範如何在 CodeBehind 端定義 Storyboard-->
            <Ellipse x:Name="ellipse2" Fill="Orange" Width="200" Height="100" HorizontalAlignment="Left" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>      
/*
 * 本例用于示範如何通過 Storyboard 使用線性動畫,線性動畫一共有 3 種類型:ColorAnimation, DoubleAnimation, PointAnimation, 它們均繼承自 Timeline
 */

using System;
using Windows.UI;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Animation;

namespace Windows10.Animation
{
    public sealed partial class LinearAnimation : Page
    {
        public LinearAnimation()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();

            this.Loaded += LinearAnimation_Loaded;
        }

        private void LinearAnimation_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 啟動動畫
            storyboardPoint.Begin();

            // 停止動畫
            // storyboardPoint.Stop();



            // 用于示範如何在 CodeBehind 端定義 Storyboard
            // 定義一個 ColorAnimation
            ColorAnimation ca = new ColorAnimation();
            ca.BeginTime = TimeSpan.Zero;
            ca.From = Colors.Red;
            ca.To = Colors.Yellow;
            ca.Duration = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(3);
            ca.AutoReverse = true;
            ca.RepeatBehavior = new RepeatBehavior(3);
            Storyboard.SetTarget(ca, ellipse2);
            Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(ca, "(Fill).(Color)");

            // 定義一個 DoubleAnimation
            DoubleAnimation da = new DoubleAnimation()
            {
                To = 0.9,
                Duration = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1),
                AutoReverse = true,
                RepeatBehavior = RepeatBehavior.Forever
            };
            Storyboard.SetTarget(da, ellipse2);
            Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(da, "(UIElement.RenderTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)");
            // 注:要用 Storyboard 控制 ScaleTransform 則必須先為元素聲明好 ScaleTransform(否則運作時會報錯)
            TransformGroup Group = new TransformGroup();
            Group.Children.Add(new ScaleTransform());
            ellipse2.RenderTransform = Group;

            // 将定義好的動畫添加進 Storyboard 然後啟動動畫
            Storyboard sb = new Storyboard();
            sb.Children.Add(ca);
            sb.Children.Add(da);
            sb.Begin();


            /*
             * 注意:
             * 1、在 WinRT 中為了流暢的體驗,部分動畫被優化成了“獨立動畫”,即動畫不依賴于 UI 線程
             * 2、但是也有一部分動畫無法優化成“獨立動畫”,我們把這類動畫稱作“依賴動畫”,其需要在 UI 線程上運作
             * 3、通過将 EnableDependentAnimation 設定為 true(預設為 false),開啟“依賴動畫”
             * 4、通過将 Timeline.AllowDependentAnimations 設定為 false(預設為 true),可以全局禁止開啟“依賴動畫”
            */
        }
    }
}      
<Page
    x:Class="Windows10.Animation.KeyFrameAnimation"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:Windows10.Animation"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="10 0 10 10">

            <!--
                關鍵幀動畫一共有 4 種:
                    ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames, DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames, PointAnimationUsingKeyFrames, ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames 它們均繼承自 Timeline
            
                ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames 中的 KeyFrame 支援:
                    LinearColorKeyFrame, DiscreteColorKeyFrame, SplineColorKeyFrame, EasingColorKeyFrame
            
                DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames 中的 KeyFrame 支援:
                    LinearDoubleKeyFrame, DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame, SplineDoubleKeyFrame, EasingDoubleKeyFrame
            
                PointAnimationUsingKeyFrames 中的 KeyFrame 支援:
                    LinearPointKeyFrame, DiscretePointKeyFrame, SplinePointKeyFrame, EasingPointKeyFrame
            
                ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames 中的 KeyFrame 支援:
                    DiscreteObjectKeyFrame
            
                Linear 代表線性,Discrete 代表離散,Spline 代表三次貝塞爾曲線,Easing 代表緩動
            
                Value - 關鍵幀的目标值
                KeyTime - 到達關鍵幀目标值的時間
                KeySpline - 三次貝塞爾曲線的兩個控制點:x1,y1 x2,y2(該三次貝塞爾曲線的起點為0,0,終點為1,1)
            -->

            
            <!--
                ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames
            -->
            <Grid Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
                <Grid.Resources>
                    <BeginStoryboard x:Name="storyboardColor">
                        <Storyboard>
                            <ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="solidColorBrush" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Color" Duration="0:0:10">
                                <LinearColorKeyFrame Value="Green" KeyTime="0:0:3" />
                                <DiscreteColorKeyFrame Value="Blue" KeyTime="0:0:4" />
                                <SplineColorKeyFrame Value="Red" KeySpline="0.6,0.0 0.9,0.00" KeyTime="0:0:6" />
                                <EasingColorKeyFrame Value="Orange" KeyTime="0:0:8">
                                    <EasingColorKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
                                        <ElasticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut" />
                                    </EasingColorKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
                                </EasingColorKeyFrame>
                            </ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                        </Storyboard>
                    </BeginStoryboard>
                </Grid.Resources>
                <Rectangle Width="100" Height="50">
                    <Rectangle.Fill>
                        <SolidColorBrush x:Name="solidColorBrush" Color="Red" />
                    </Rectangle.Fill>
                </Rectangle>
            </Grid>


            <!--
                DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames
            -->
            <Grid Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
                <Grid.Resources>
                    <BeginStoryboard x:Name="storyboardDouble">
                        <Storyboard>
                            <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="translateTransform" Storyboard.TargetProperty="X" Duration="0:0:10">
                                <LinearDoubleKeyFrame Value="500" KeyTime="0:0:3" />
                                <DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame Value="400" KeyTime="0:0:4" />
                                <SplineDoubleKeyFrame Value="300" KeySpline="0.6,0.0 0.9,0.00" KeyTime="0:0:6" />
                                <EasingDoubleKeyFrame Value="200" KeyTime="0:0:8">
                                    <EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
                                        <ElasticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut" />
                                    </EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
                                </EasingDoubleKeyFrame>
                            </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                        </Storyboard>
                    </BeginStoryboard>
                </Grid.Resources>
                <Rectangle Fill="Red" Width="100" Height="50">
                    <Rectangle.RenderTransform>
                        <TranslateTransform x:Name="translateTransform" X="0" Y="0" />
                    </Rectangle.RenderTransform>
                </Rectangle>
            </Grid>


            <!--
                PointAnimationUsingKeyFrames
            -->
            <Grid Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
                <Grid.Resources>
                    <BeginStoryboard x:Name="storyboardPoint">
                        <Storyboard>
                            <PointAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="ellipseGeometry" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Center" Duration="0:0:10" 
                                                          EnableDependentAnimation="True">
                                <LinearPointKeyFrame Value="100,100" KeyTime="0:0:3" />
                                <DiscretePointKeyFrame Value="200,200" KeyTime="0:0:4" />
                                <SplinePointKeyFrame Value="300,300" KeySpline="0.6,0.0 0.9,0.00" KeyTime="0:0:6" />
                                <EasingPointKeyFrame Value="400,400" KeyTime="0:0:8">
                                    <EasingPointKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
                                        <ElasticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut" />
                                    </EasingPointKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
                                </EasingPointKeyFrame>
                            </PointAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                        </Storyboard>
                    </BeginStoryboard>
                </Grid.Resources>
                <Path Fill="Red">
                    <Path.Data>
                        <EllipseGeometry x:Name="ellipseGeometry" Center="50,50" RadiusX="15" RadiusY="15" />
                    </Path.Data>
                </Path>
            </Grid>


            <!--
                ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames
            -->
            <Grid Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
                <Grid.Resources>
                    <BeginStoryboard x:Name="storyboardObject">
                        <Storyboard>
                            <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="textBlock" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Text" Duration="0:0:10">
                                <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1" Value="w" />
                                <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2" Value="we" />
                                <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3" Value="web" />
                                <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:4" Value="weba" />
                                <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:5" Value="webab" />
                                <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:6" Value="webabc" />
                                <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:7" Value="webabcd" />
                            </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                        </Storyboard>
                    </BeginStoryboard>
                </Grid.Resources>
                <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock" Width="200" FontSize="32" Text="" />
            </Grid>

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>      

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