After years of studying various paper maps and viewing satellite image maps from various places, I think that the layout rules of modern Chinese cities can be roughly divided into the following types: flat prototype, mountain and water type, river valley type, basin type/valley type, linshan type, oasis type, coastal type, riverfront type, mountainous type, mountainous type, cross-river/river type, combination of mountains and rivers, etc. The following are introduced one by one (mainly cities at or above the prefectural level, plus a small number of more representative county-level cities or counties):
First, the prototype city, this type of city is mainly distributed in the plain area, and the urban area is basically plain, flat land, the most representative of such cities are Shanghai, Tianjin, Chengdu, Shenyang, Daqing, Qiqihar, Suihua, Harbin, Changchun, Baicheng, Songyuan, Siping, Panjin, Tangshan, Baoding, Langfang, Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, Handan, Hengshui, Cangzhou, Ulanhot, Hulunbuir, Xilinhot, Bayannaoer, Shuozhou, Xinzhou, Jinzhong, Yuncheng, Zhengzhou, Xinxiang, Kaifeng, Hebi, Puyang, Anyang, Shangqiu , Xuchang, Zhumadian, Luohe, Zhoukou, Weifang, Zibo, Zaozhuang, Jining, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Binzhou, Dongying, Suqian, Huai'an, Yancheng, Yangzhou, Taizhou, Changzhou, Hefei, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Ningbo, Foshan, Maoming, Yulin, Zhaotong, Mengzi, Xiaogan, Qianjiang, Tianmen, Xi'an, Yangling, Wuwei, Zhangye, Jiuquan, Jiayuguan, Shizuishan, Yinchuan, Wuzhong, Zhongwei.
Second, mountain cities, such cities are completely built on the mountain or hillside, the most typical is Chongqing (the main city), Panzhihua, Yanjin, Luchun, Hanyuan, Ganluo, Ziyang and so on.
Third, according to / Linshan water type city, such a city is basically one side of the mountain and the other side of the water, the most representative city of this type is Hangzhou, in addition to Dandong, Wuhai, Sanmenxia, Pingdingshan, Jinan, Zhenjiang, Dali, Yiyang, Dujiangyan and so on.
Fourth, river valley cities, such cities generally along the river valley in a slender distribution, its development space is relatively limited, the most representative of this type of city is Lanzhou and Tianshui, in addition to Xining, Lhasa, Baoji, Yichun, Tonghua, Baishan, Fushun, Chengde, Zhangjiakou, Taiyuan, Lüliang, Sanming, Heyuan, Panzhihua, Ya'an, Kangding, Malkang, Suining, Nanchong, Bazhong, Duyun, Zhangjiajie, Jishou, Pingliang, Longnan, Cooperation, Ping'an, Tongren, Gonghe, Maqin, Yushu, Lhasa, Xigaze, Qamdo, Naidong , Altay, etc.
Fifth, basin / valley type city, this type of city is basically facing the mountain, the development space is relatively limited, the most representative cities are Yan'an and Ordos, in addition to Mudanjiang, Jixi, Yanji, Jilin (city), Benxi, Jinzhou, Chifeng, Gagdaqi, Jincheng, Xinyang, Huangshan, Xuancheng, Yiwu, Dongyang, Nanping, Longyan, Jingdezhen, Shangrao, Xinyu, Yichun, Pingxiang, Ganzhou, Chaozhou, Meizhou, Shaoguan, Yunfu, Nanning, Wuzhou, Liuzhou, Hechi, Baise, Kunming, Yuxi, Wenshan, Simao , Jinghong, Lincang, Mangshi, Chuxiong, Lijiang, Shangri-La, Xichang, Guangyuan, Ziyang, Dazhou, Guiyang, Xingyi, Liupanshui, Kaili, Tongren, Huaihua, Loudi, Chenzhou, Xianning, Tongchuan, Ankang, Shangluo, Baiyin, Qingyang, Dingxi, Guyuan, Haiyan (Xihai Town), Altay, Kangding, Malkang, Qamdo, Linzhi, Taipei, etc.
Sixth, linshan-type cities, this type of city is one-sided or two-sided mountains, of which the most representative cities are Tieling, Anshan, Chaoyang, Fuxin, Wulanchabu, Hohhot, Baotou, Datong, Changzhi, Jiaozuo, Tai'an, Chuzhou, Huaibei, Putian, Qujing, Baoshan, Beijing, Weinan, Yulin, Naqu, Gar, Urumqi, Karamay, Taichung, Hsinchu, Chiayi, etc.
7. Oasis-type cities, which are basically close to desert areas, the most representative cities are Jinchang, Dunhuang, Yumen, Delingha, Hami, Turpan, Korla, Artush, Hotan, Kashgar, Changji, Kuitun, Bole, Aksu, Kucha, Shawan, Shihezi (Eighth Division of the Corps), Aral (First Division of the Corps), Tiemenguan (Second Division), Tumshuk (Third Division), Kokdala (Fourth Division), Shuanghe (Fifth Division), Wujiaqu (Sixth Division), Huyang River (Seventh Division), Nova ( 13th Division), Kunyu (14th Division).
Eighth, coastal cities, such cities are basically coastal cities, coastal cities can be divided into coastal flat prototype (in the minority), coastal mountain type (in the majority) and island type.
1, Binhai Ping prototype cities are: Yingkou, Qinhuangdao, Tianjin Binhai New Area, Rongcheng, Jiaonan, Rizhao, Shantou, Zhanjiang, Beihai, Haikou, Tainan, Taitung, Longgang and other 12 cities /urban areas, .
2, coastal mountainous cities include Dalian, Yingkou Bayuquan District, Huludao, Longkou, Penglai, Yantai, Weihai, Qingdao, Lianyungang, Ningde, Quanzhou, Shanwei, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Fangchenggang, Sanya, Kaohsiung, Keelung, Hualien and so on.
3, island-type cities include Caofeidian, Xiamen, Hong Kong, Macau, Sansha (Yongxing Island), Zhoushan, Pingtan and other cities/urban areas.
Nine, riverside / river type, such cities are basically one-sided river / river, such cities mainly include: Jiamusi, Heihe, Liaoyang, Tongliao, Linfen, Nanyang, Linyi, Nantong, Wuhu, Ma'anshan, Anqing, Lu'an, Bozhou, Zhangzhou, Jiujiang, Yingtan, Fuzhou, Qingyuan, Guigang, Hezhou, Laibin, Meishan, Guang'an, Shaoyang, Jingzhou, Huanggang, Suizhou, Xiangyang, Yichang, Xiantao, Xianyang, Hanzhong, Linxia, Golmud, Tacheng, Beitun (10th Corps Division), Yining, Kekdala, etc.
10. Mountainous /mountain-type cities, this type of urban area has a hill distribution, the urban landform is generally uneven, and its most representative cities are Wanzhou, Fuling, Shuangyashan, Hegang, Liaoyuan, Alxa Zuoqi, Yangquan, Luoyang, Tongling, Jingmen, Shiyan, etc.
11. Cross-river/river-type cities, such cities basically span both sides of the river, and the main representative cities are: Wuhan, Fuyang, Jinhua, Quzhou, Nanchang, Ji'an, Jieyang, Qinzhou, Deyang, Neijiang, Yibin, Luzhou, Hengyang, Xiangtan, Zhuzhou, Changsha, Changde, Yongzhou, etc.
Xii. Landscape-to-water cities, such cities basically have mountains and water distribution in their urban areas, the most representative cities are Beijing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Nanjing, Xuzhou, Chizhou, Chaohu, Huainan, Bengbu, Huzhou, Shaoxing, Taizhou, Wenzhou, Zhuji, Cixi, Yuyao, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Huizhou, Jiangmen, Zhongshan, Zhaoqing, Yangjiang, Guilin, Chongzuo, Mianyang, Zigong, Zunyi, Anshun, Yueyang, Ezhou, Huangshi, etc.