"The Biography of the Painter" ~ 369th
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > Yuan Mei said: I can die at nearly eighty years old, so the undead, to read Zhang Junshi! </h1>
Text/Lu Xiuhui
Zhang Wentao (1764-1814), the character Zhongye, a character Liumen, because his hometown Suining has a boat mountain, he called the ship mountain. Because he is good at painting apes, he also calls himself "Shushan Old Ape", a native of Pengxi County, Suining, Sichuan.
Zhang Wentao's ancestor Zhang Pengfei (張鹏翮), an official of qinglian and honesty, was the first qing dynasty chief assistant among the Sichuan people and a famous calligrapher. Zhang Maocheng, the great-grandfather of Zhang Wentao, was an envoy to the Department of Communications and Political Envoys, and the Right Attendant of the Ministry of Works. His grandfather, Zhang Qinwang, had accompanied Zhang Pengfei in the management of Huai and Yellow River workers, and after completion, he returned to Beijing and served as the governor of Dengzhou, Shandong. His father, Zhang Gujian, served three terms as the Commander of Henan County, and later transferred to Guantao County Order in Shandong, promoted to Zhizhou in Junzhou, Hubei Province, Tongzhi in Hanyang Province, and the official to the prefect of Kaihua Province in Yunnan. From Zhang Pengfei to Zhang Wentao, in the 120 years of the family, there were 76 officials.
Zhang Wentao was born in such a generation of official eunuch Mendi, his father Zhang Gujian was in Shandong Guantao Renzhi County, he was born in Shandong Guantao, ask Tao Tao, ask Yu Guan Tao, so he named "Tao". Later, Zhang Gujian was promoted to Zhizhou in Xiangyang Prefecture, Hubei Province, and the family moved to Hubei, living in Hubei Junzhou, Jingmen Zhili Prefecture, Hanyang and other places. In the meantime, the eldest brother Zhang Qian'an married Chen Huishu, a native of Haining, Zhejiang. Zhang asked Tao to learn from his sister-in-law and was trained by her. Chen Huishu is a famous female poet and is very influential. However, he was very ill and died at the age of 29. Zhang Qingtao's "Plum Blossoms", Shi Yun:
Yilin casually lies in the smoke, for the Ru name high wine easy credit.
Self-oath winter heart willing to snub, the shadow of the shadow is too horizontal.
The weather is useless, and the birth is full of sideburns.
The old dead empty mountain people are not seen, and they should also be strong like Luoyang flowers. In the forty-second year of Qianlong (1777), Zhang Gujian was appointed the prefect of Kaihua Province in Yunnan, Yunnan was a long way away, Zhang Gujian entrusted his whole family to Wang Tingzhang of Hanyang, Zhang Gujian went to Kaihua, Yunnan alone, and Zhang Wentao stayed in Hanyang with his mother and his whole family. Soon, Zhang Gujian was sentenced to a felony but was not sentenced because he was serving as an official in Jingmen, he was too lenient, "lost" the case, was implicated and removed from his post, all the family property was recovered, the house in Hanyang was also seized by the hao officials, the whole family fell into Hanyang, had no life, fell into difficulties, "did not raise a fire for several days", often ran to ask for loans, fortunately Wang Yanzhang always reached out to help and took care of the Zhang family for more than seven years. Zhang Gujian, who was nearly sixty years old, suffered from soft foot disease and stayed in Yunnan for five years.
Fifteen-year-old Zhang Wentao knew that the only way to change the fate of his family was to study and take the road of examination. In the forty-ninth year of Qianlong, the twenty-one-year-old Zhang Wentao left Hanyang and went to Beijing to marry Zhou Ruren, the eldest daughter of the xiangxian Zanshan Gong Zhou Dongping, and returned home with his wife after marriage, and zhou gave birth to a daughter on the way, and Lady Zhou stayed in Fuling's mother's house due to illness, but she could not afford to be ill and died in Fuzhou, and her mother and daughter were killed. In the fifty-second year of Qianlong, Lin Juanxiang, who was then in charge of the salt tea ceremony in Sichuan Province, fell in love with Zhang Wentao and promised his daughter Lin Yi to him, and Zhang Wentao took the initiative to enter the Lin family in order to embrace the beauty. Lin Ji, a talented woman in Shuzhong, is a famous poet. At this time, the Zhang family gathered poets, including Zhang Wentan, Zhang Wentao, Zhang Wentong, etc., sisters Zhang Wentuan, Zhang Yun, etc., as well as Chen Huishu, Lin Qi, Yang Jiduan, and others who were married to the Zhang family. Zhang Wentao and Lin Ji are the most outstanding. Lin Yisheng was extremely beautiful, and Zhang Wentao often sat with her all day, watching her feel upset. And Lin Yi and Zhang Wentao were together all their lives, and there was no complaint because Zhang Wentao was poor, and the two had a strong feeling.
One winter, Zhang Wentao painted a portrait of Lin Yi, because it was a work of heart, which was moving and beautiful. Lin Ji saw that Zhang Qingtao was so attentive to himself, and he wrote a poem on the portrait with a pen, saying:
There is smoke at the bottom of Aijun's pen,
Self-plucking gold noodles pay the restaurant.
Cultivate to the human world,
Slender as a plum blossom.
Lin Yi wrote out his deep affection for Zhang Wentao in just a few words, as well as his happiness and satisfaction as Zhang Wentao's wife, as well as pride and pride. After Zhang Qingtao read his wife's poem, he was also deeply touched, so he wrote a poem:
Wife Mei Xu I am addicted to smoke,
It's like a lonely mountain virgin's house.
Painting and poetry are both clear,
The night window is the same as the dream pen flowers.
Zhang Qingtao and Lin Ji agreed to each other as confidants. After Zhang Wentao and Lin Ji got married, he was busy with the imperial examination, often drifting, living a life of southern ships and northern horses, and living without a fixed place. Fifty-five years of Qianlong. After falling in the first place twice, Zhang Wentao passed the Jinshi Examination in Enke Middle School and was elected as a Shu Jishi of Hanlin Yuan. During his studies in Beijing, Zhang Wentao missed his wife very much and wrote the poem "Spring Remembrance":
Why should Fang Wei be secretive about love,
It is advisable for people to live in Jincheng.
The little maid is on the lamp and flowers are twilight,
The barbarian broom was silent.
Spring clothes cover each other with cold and heavy,
Embroidery is associated with Xiao Mengqing.
A matter of true wisdom and understanding,
Knowing yu heart is not selling fame.
Zhang Wentao finally ended his years of wandering and embarked on the road of eunuchs for more than twenty years. He was promoted to the Hanlin Academy in the fifty-eighth year of Qianlong, Jiaqing was changed to the imperial history of Jiangnan Province in the tenth year, and Jiaqing was elected to the rank of Shilang in the fourteenth year of the ministry, but these positions were idle.
In the fifteenth year of Jiaqing (1810), Zhang Wentao was appointed as the prefect of Laizhou, and finally became a local official with real power. When he went to Laizhou to take office, it was Qiyi under laizhou that suffered severe floods. Five counties were flooded, and production in two counties was reduced. Zhang Qingtao personally visited Qiyi under the jurisdiction of Laizhou, and Shangshu asked for a reduction in grain endowments. He also rushed to Jinan to report the disaster to the inspector of Shandong and ask for relief for the hungry. The following year, when the summer rain was short and the autumn was recovered, Zhang Wentao went to Jinan many times to ask for loans and shi. However, in response to Zhang Wentao's request, the officials were hesitant to make up their minds, and Zhang Wentao stayed in Jinan for a month and returned to Laizhou capital without any results. After returning, Zhang Qingtao cooked porridge in the Seven Cities to give relief, temporarily alleviating the urgent need. However, the Laizhou problem has been deeply rooted due to successive years of famine, and the state and county have no power to return to heaven and are very capable of solving it. Shandong Province turned a blind eye to this and turned a deaf ear. Zhang Wentao thus clashed with his superiors. Some officials ridiculed him for "obsessing with wine and poetry", and Zhang Wentao resigned from the government in anger with guilt for the people of Laizhou. Shi Jiaqing seventeen years (1812) February 9. In March, before Zhang Qingtao left, he was concerned about the poor harvest in Laizhou, so he donated his savings over the years to the valley of 700 stones to help the starving people in Qiyi. After his resignation, he wrote a poem about himself:
Twenty-three years to point out a bullet,
Non-talented people have long been ashamed of their official positions.
The cloud clothes have long been as light as leaves,
It's not hard to pull back.
After resigning from the government, Suining was already "broken before the old house" and "had no land to return to." Zhang Wentao came to Suzhou Tiger Hill with his wife and daughter and began his life of wandering in Jiangnan. In Suzhou, he made a living by selling calligraphy and paintings and the help of relatives and friends, often without food and clothing, his family was depressed, his three daughters had not yet married, and he called himself "Yao'an Retreat". His apartment was adjacent to baiju yi temple, so it was named "Lotte Day with Neighbor House". Zhang Wentao died in Suzhou at the age of 51. Because of the childlessness under the feet, the poets Cha Xiaoshan and Liao Futang took care of all the funerals of Zhang Wentao. The bad news of Zhang Qingtao's death reached the ears of his brother Zhang Qian'an after three months. The family was unable to help his coffin return to his hometown and was buried in Xuan Tomb Mountain in Guangfu Town, Suzhou. The following year, he received financial support from Bao Xunmao, Cha Youxi, Wang Daxuan and other former friends to be buried in his hometown of Suining. Zhang Qingtao's "Distant Look at Wushan Mountain in the Boat":
Straight to Qu TangXiu, the twelve peaks of Wushan Mountain.
The spring dream of the Spiritual Temple is clear, and the rain marks in the ancient gorge are thick.
Shi Qi surrounded the lonely boat, and the sound of the river took the poisonous dragon.
The balcony clouds are good, and the forest is twilight.
Zhang asked Tao the purpose of the spirit of the main spirit, thinking that his poems had "sexual spirits", and won the praise of Yuan Ming, who once said to Hong Liangji: "I am nearly eighty years old, I can die, so the undead, with the foot of the cloud Zhang Junshi still have not seen the ear!" "Yuan Ming is the main general of the sexual spirit, and Zhang Qingtao advocates ethereal and real interest, and is committing to Yuan Ming. The year after Zhang Wentao's death, that is, in the twentieth year of Qing Jiaqing, the 20 volumes of his "Chuanshan Poetry" were published by Shi Yunyu. Zhang Qingtao "Will go to the South Lake, Mr. Qin Yuezhai gave a long song." To make this answer, that is, to stay goodbye, shiyun
The long-suffering crane feather feather repair, the guest heart is vast and increases the number of worries.
The raw fish in the broken cauldron suddenly had no fire, and the loan was millet and the gurudwara was supervised.
Buy a light voyage without a foot, unveiled their own drifting zero passengers.
Autumn frost is under the forest, and a cold smoke presses the river white.
Whoever wins the Yao note gives a long journey, the grass wind and sand rain are lonely.
Wen You once received Qin Huaihai and left the song alone to say goodbye.
Mr. Hao swallowed the clouds and dreamed, and he was humbled by the officials.
After getting drunk, the ink flowed, and the Xiangbo Yue stone floated.
Mao Jinfang head Jia Fu Ancestral Hall, in the past years the Hong Claw is also thoughtful.
Changsha in September is not dressed, and the guest autumn sails want to hang.
Even in the storm and heavy yang festival, drunken planting may wish not to do goodbye.
The new poem laughs at the Duling people, and the eight-foot rivers and lakes are magnificent.
Maozu will look at the eight wildernesses, and the Baling Water Station will be in the night.
Looking back at the Yellow Crane West LouYue, Qiu Si left Yue Yang with sorrow.
Zhang Wentao's paintings are mainly freehand, focusing on writing about God, and the intention is extraordinary. His paintings, the subject matter involves landscapes, flowers and birds, people, birds and animals and other fields, full of fun. Painting distant Green Vines is interesting in inadvertent places. Zhang Wentao's painting content is multifaceted, although it is not specialized in landscape painting, and the fun of xiuyi can get rid of the vulgarity; he paints flowers and birds and figures, which is very popular; and he is good at birds and animals, especially horses, eagles and ink monkeys, which are the most handy. Zhang Wentao's paintings also set the essence of the skills of the four major painters of the Ming Dynasty, and the brush strokes are free, the lines are smooth, the brushwork is exquisite, the charm is magnificent, the skills are unique, and the style is unique. Paint the mountains steeply. Paint the branches of the thick leaves. The picture is refreshing, the brush and ink are interspersed, and the pattern turns are like clouds and flowing water, and the pictures and texts are lush.
Zhang Wentao's talent is unique, calligraphy asks to learn the Song people, first learn Su Dongpo, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu, You de Mi Fu dangerous and energetic Yiye, and then rely on Zhao Mengfu, Dong Qichang and other former sage masters. Zhang Wentao's calligraphy is lyrical and interesting, with ups and downs, and the pen is broken and connected without losing its composure and thickness. Therefore, Zhang Wentao's calligraphy has its own wind god and casts a grid. In the late Zhang Qingtao period, calligraphy gained another realm, and I forgot both things and formed my own calligraphy style. Yang Shoujing said: "The scholar of Qianjiajian is not born in the Golden Stone, Bo Kao Famous Relic, but Zhang Chuanshan and Song Zhiwan are by no means dependent on the ancients, and nature is elegant, because of their unique talent, they are not in line with the ancients."
Lu Xiuhui has a poem "Song for Zhang Asking Tao Boat Mountain", poem Yun:
The family mountain is far away from the sky, and there are no poetry famous people.
The wife looks like a fairy, and has the talent to fly and survive.
Boudoir to genteel, ethnic poetry discussion.
There is no word, no poetry, and there is elegance and pastoral.
The end of the world is almost complete, and the four seas are looking for carp.
Flying with the poem, the nine days sighed the soul.
The painting case often lives in the station, and the proud calligraphy and painting door.
Yun Twilight listens to the toad at night, and the long song looks at the moon.
The spirit of sex is not looking for a sentence, and the essence is into the fog.
The leaves in the north are yellow, and the sky in the south is like a rainbow.
This king is sad and tearful, is the wet placket a member?
Suspected to be a heavenly song, entering the door hate speechless.