Source / Beauty Citrus Seedlings
<h3 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > China's oranges have Changyang citrus orange, Fuming citrus orange, Huangyan citrus orange, Yongshun citrus orange, etc. At the end of the 20th century, Carrizo and Troya orange were introduced from the United States, and used as sticky trees for sweet oranges in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and Chongqing Municipality, among which Summer Orange and Youzhi, Hamlin Sweet Orange, Early Golden Sweet Orange, Trovita Orange, Newhall Navel Orange... And other citrus varieties used in China Beibei 447 brocade orange, Yujin orange, Nanxiang orange, Guangxiang orange, etc.... Some of these varieties have leaf yellowing, especially in 2008, chongqing did not encounter high temperature and drought conditions in the specific reasons for the serious yellowing of citrus trees need to be further observed, since then the nursery enterprises have changed the division to orange as orange rootstock. Source (Chinese Fruit Tree) China Forestry Publishing House. </h3>
Ziyang fragrant orange is a local fine seed excavated in the Yanjiang District of Ziyang City in the 1980s and mid-1990s, the late Professor Ma Jiaqi and other experts from the Citrus Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in the study of alkaline soil transformation in citrus orchards. In 2009, it was applied for by the Ziyang Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and the Institute of Horticulture of the Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and passed the sichuan provincial variety examination and approval, which is the latest citrus rootstock variety. Ziyang Orange is popular with citrus nursery companies and growers, and it has many valuable properties.
Ziyang fragrant orange is a natural hybrid of Yichang orange and orange, with a semi-dwarfed canopy, soft and open long branches, small leaves and a well-developed root system.
Ziyang orange is especially popular with nursery households. In the sowing garden, the seed seedlings grow faster than citrus and red oranges, and the disease resistance of seedlings is better than that of red oranges. After the milk seedlings sown in the spring of that year are discharged, they can generally grow into qualified rootstock seedlings in the second half of the year, and the growth cycle of rootstock stage is short, which is conducive to early grafting.
The normal ripening period of Ziyang xiang orange fruit is in November, but the seeds can be sown as early as the end of August of that year, and the abdominal seedlings can be successively started in May of the following year, using twisted anvil treatment, and the first batch of grafted seedlings can be produced at the end of the year. Compared with the traditional two-year rootstock one-year seedling, the seedling cycle is significantly shortened.
In the open-field nursery, when 30,000 to 60,000 seedlings are planted per mu, the ziyang fragrant orange seedlings with small leaves and soft branches have good trunk erection, and the single main branch grows alone before September, and it is not easy to branch. Authentic Ziyang orange leaves are small, good inter-leaf light transmittance, high chlorophyll b content, good leaf shade tolerance, suitable for dense planting, and the leaf life is long, evergreen, and the base leaves of annual saplings are not easy to fall off.
According to the biological characteristics of Ziyang orange, in the winter and spring season with small arch shed seedlings, annual grafting can be realized, and the grafting method is smart, and the survival rate is high. At present, in Ziyang City and Jianyang City, the main seedling areas of Ziyang Fragrant Orange, autumn abdominal joining and winter cutting are generally used, especially in winter head cutting from the end of November.
Ziyang xiang orange anvil is also very convenient to manage after winter grafting, after cutting the mulch film combined with the small arch shed, to the end of April and the beginning of May of the next year, the spring shoots leaves are gradually ripe. At this time, the small nursery has begun to graft the seedlings out of the nursery. Ziyang fragrant orange anvil grafted citrus or daya, by the end of the year out of the nursery of the annual dew grafted seedlings, the seedling height can reach 1.5 meters.
The graft affinity of Ziyang orange is extensive, and it has good affinity with grapefruit, orange, sweet orange and citrus of conventional cultivars. It is grafted and affinity with citrus and citrus, and is currently only found to be unaccompanied with Javanese lemons, but has a good affinity with the main lemon cultivar Yulik lemon.
In recent years, benefiting from the vigorous rise of citrus species, Ziyang orange rootstock has performed uniquely.
In terms of disease resistance, Ziyang Orange has a natural tolerance for cracking skin disease and leaf fragmentation disease. Citrus is an asexual propagation crop, grafting is easy to infect with schizoderma, leaf fragmentation and other viral diseases, citrus and citrus hybrid rootstock such as orange is very sensitive to these two diseases, latent schizoderma at the seedling stage caused by the big tree rootstock bark cracking, local necrosis of the root system, slow growth of the tree, small leaves, and a significant decrease in the yield of a single plant. Leaf fragmentation disease can cause abnormal swelling of the orange anvil joint, dysfunction of heterogeneous tissues, weakening of trees, and yellowing of the middle veins of scion varieties, shortening the life of trees. For example, the occurrence of mogu citrus is commonly known as zombie fruit. Even if it is a scion grafted variety that carries schizoderma or leaf fragmentation disease, Ziyang xiang orange anvil has not shown its disease.
Regular rootstock orange is a semi-deciduous fruit tree that, in subtropical appellations, leaves fall in winter and the root system stops growing. The ziyang orange anniversary root system has vigorous growth, although the new shoots will stop growing in winter, but the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves is not significantly different from the summer, and the carbohydrate accumulation effect is obvious.
In the low temperature period of winter, the evergreen Ziyang fragrant orange stem has been thickening, and the horizontal growth is still vigorous, which is not only very important for winter grafting seedlings, but also extremely beneficial to the safe overwintering of the fruits of late maturing varieties, and is also conducive to maintaining the tree momentum, controlling the size of the year, and prolonging the life of the tree body of the middle and late maturing varieties.
After the abundant production of citrus, represented by Shigeya orange and Harumi orange, it often bears excessive fruit, and citrus and orange rootstock trees are prone to rapid decline in tree strength, and often die due to tree overload. Using Ziyang orange rootstock can overcome this problem very well.
In the Sichuan production area, Ziyang xiang orange anvil does not know the fire, spring see, Daya young trees grow rapidly, two years into a garden, three years can see the benefits, Ziyang xiang orange anvil citrus young tree fruit, the quality is not much different from the old tree. In the production areas of Guangxi, Guangdong and Yunnan, planting the ziyang orange anvil and orange young trees in the third year can recover the cost of building the garden in 36 months, and the profit is considerable. In the Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the leaves of orange oranges and golden autumn sugar oranges on orange anvil sweet orange trees are extremely yellowed, while Ziyang orange rootstocks show innate adaptability to alkaline soils. Grafted the same variety, Ziyang fragrant orange anvil grafted tree, the tree body green branches and green leaves, almost no yellowing phenomenon.
Compared with citrus orange, Ziyang fragrant orange is more resistant to white mango allurs, stopping the shoots earlier in winter, and the grafted tree has a slightly stronger resistance to frost in winter. On January 23-24, 2016, Ziyang Xiang Orange anvil was grafted with golden autumn sugar orange, and the snow area after germination was 7 cm, and the seedlings were safe and sound. When the snow is falling, it is grafted in a simple, unheated plastic greenhouse, and the survival rate is no different from usual. Ziyang xiang orange seedling growth potential and citrus orange growth trend is comparable or slightly weaker, the fruit size of the fruit tree is similar, but Ziyang xiang orange per fruit number of seeds 19 ~ 29, the number of seeds is several times the number of oranges and is still multi-embryo, a kilogram of seeds about 3800 to 4000 grains, conservative seedlings more than 5000, on-demand can produce up to 6000 to 7000 seedlings. About 2,500 seedlings per kilogram of single germ of the orange seed emerge from about 2,000 seedlings. The fruit abundance of orange is also significantly better than that of citrus orange. This property implies that Ziyang orange seeds are relatively easy to produce. In the past 5/6 years, the popular orange rootstock has been basically replaced by Ziyang orange.
The long-promoted Wo Citrus has emerged a large group of four- and five-year-old fertile gardens. The rapid promotion of citrus and other oranges has boosted the rapid promotion of Ziyang oranges, breeding an unprecedented prosperity of the rootstock seedling market, affected by the annual results of the year, the price of its seed supply has fluctuated greatly, leaving investors helpless. Before 2013, the China Citrus Research Institute only had a small-scale experimental promotion of Ziyang oranges, and the price of rootstock seeds was low, and the fruit rotted in the ground at the lowest time, and no one cared. In some years, the unit price of fruit is less than 2 yuan / kg, and the minimum seed is only 14 yuan / kg. After the end of 2013, with the Ziyang xiang orange anvil grafting of new varieties of young trees such as wo citrus, unknown fire, and spring see have been put into production, high-quality and productive new varieties of citrus, the first fruit hanging is extraordinary, attracting strong demand in the Ziyang xiang orange rootstock market, the fruit price is more than 6 yuan / kg, and the seed price is crazy rising. In 2015, the price of the fruit reached a record 80 yuan / kg. In 2016, the annual output rose, the price fell, the price of fruit was 3-10 yuan / kg, the price of seeds was 70-100 yuan / kg, and the highest price of matured seeds in the future market was basically within 150 yuan / kg. I thought that from now on, the price of Ziyang orange should return to rationality. Never thought that a crazier price would come. Due to the impact of the slow sale of orange fruits in 2016, farmers left fruit on the tree to postpone harvesting, waiting for buyers. After the delay in fruit picking, the red spider pest is more common, and there are more abnormal deciduous orchards in winter, resulting in poor differentiation of the flower buds of the mother branch in winter. In the spring of 2017, the flowering volume of Ziyang fragrant orange was significantly reduced compared with previous years, and the fruit yield in that year accounted for only about 1/5 of the previous year's output. 2017 is a typical small year result, resulting in ziyang orange fruit supply and demand contradiction is very prominent, Ziyang and Jianyang city main production area, ulcer disease epidemic area of Ziyang orange fruit once sold to 120 yuan / kg, seeds 1100-1400 yuan / kg, but also a fruit is difficult to find. In individual production areas of Chongqing, Ziyang fragrant orange fruits that ensure that there is no canker disease are fried to more than 200 yuan / kg.
In fact, Ziyang orange also has her shortcomings, she is not tolerant of clay soil, when the soil is sticky, there are few roots, and the ripening period of the grafted early maturing varieties will be delayed by about a week, but the effect of medium and late maturing varieties is very ideal, such as Wo Mandarin, Daya Mandarin, Maogu Mandarin, Sand Sugar Orange, Newhall Navel Orange, American Sugar Orange, Late Reed, Ehime and so on. It has a good anti-cracking effect on varieties that are easy to split fruit, such as citrus and asami.
Tempted by the sky-high price of Ziyang oranges, there are many enterprises with high ziyang oranges, and there are more and more calls to the Zhongci Institute to consult the affinity of Ziyang oranges (the author's mobile phone number / WeChat id 13883602536 Cao Li), and the middle anvil involves a series of varieties such as grapefruit, orange, sweet orange, lemon and so on. Overall, graft affinity is not a big problem. Plantation management is also not much of a problem.
The biggest concern is overcapacity. If fruit use is limited to seed picking, there is a risk of overcapacity. This is because of the temptation of high fruit prices in 2013-2015, a number of enterprises have planted a large number of Ziyang orange trees, so the sky-high price myth of Ziyang orange fruit in 2018 is coming to an end, and the seedling market, which mainly uses Ziyang orange as rootstock, will also return to rationality.
<h3 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the Chinese Citrus Research Institute has not been promoting citrus oranges to make citrus sticks. If you think I'm looking for information to help you, please appreciate and encourage Oh thank you. </h3>