Author: Wang Shudi
Chen Changqi, the character Binchen, the number of Guan Lou, he was humble in his life, humble and gentlemanly, humble and humble, and people are familiar with the good story of Guan Lou Gong "there is a thousand years of Lu Qi, no hundred years of Guan Lou" good neighborly life. Chen Changqi was just and upright in his life, honest and compassionate to the people, the most vicious snobbish friend, and he has not tasted the door of the powerful in his decades of politics, and he has also left a lifetime of proud bones and beautiful talks.
Chen Changqi, Zi Binchen, Guan Lou
In the thirty-sixth year of Chen Changqi Qianlong (1771), he entered the Hanlin Pavilion and served as a repair officer of the Three Links and Four Libraries Pavilion. Qianlong 39 years of the canonical examination in Hubei, the following year will be tested with the examiner. Rotating Henan Province inspector Yushi patrolled the West City. Jiaqing's first year of promotion to the military section to the matter, Jiaqing six years to supplement the criminal section to the matter, patrol the East City. Jiaqing served as Wen Chu Dao in Zhejiang for nine years. Jiaqing was demoted due to the incident in the fourteenth year, so he was dissolved and returned. More than thirty years of officialdom are full of ups and downs, conscientious and dedicated to their duties, but the most praised is undoubtedly Chen Changqi's knowledge, he immersed himself in learning, "in books, read everything, his learning, everything is exquisite", it is really not something that ordinary scholars can achieve, it is no exaggeration to say that in the history of Zhanjiang, it can be called "no ancients before, no one after". On the cultivation of knowledge, Zhanjiang scholars and celebrities first recommended Chen Changqi, in the thousand years of cultural history of the Leizhou Peninsula, Chen Changqi, who has gathered hundreds of heads, is like a peak.
1
At the age of seventeen, Chen Changqi "learned a lot, and since the age of seventeen, he has penetrated the group books, and the Notes on the Thirteen Classics are praised like a stream". Chen Changqi's lifelong love of books is as fateful as life, which can be described as "reading more than 10,000 volumes".
Chen Changqi is outstanding and a leader in the academic world. We may wish to borrow an evaluation from Liang Qichao's "Geographical Distribution of Modern Study Styles": "In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, Chen Baisha and Zhan Ganquan advocated the theory of science, then called the Xinhui School, and Yao Jiang, and declined after the end... The first scholar in Guangdong, Tui Jia Qingjian Haikang Chen Guan Lou (Chang Qi), Guan Lou was very knowledgeable, and had proofreadings in the "Book of Great Dai", "Lao Tzu", "Xunzi", "Lü Lan", and "Huainan", and was also good at arithmetic. That is to say, he regarded Chen Changqi as a figure in Guangdong who could inherit the academic strength and status of Chen and Zhan.
Sikuguan is the base camp of sinologists, it can be said that "Xianjun Weixing, humanistic and lush, Hongcai neck learning, shoulder to shoulder", Guangdong scholars who participated in the compilation of the "Siku Quanshu", only Chen Changqi and Feng Minchang, they are undoubtedly the leaders of Guangdong scholarship. During the compilation of the Siku Quanshu, Chen Changqi was a colleague of famous scholars such as Ji Yun, Dai Zhen, Zhou Yongnian, Yao Ding, Weng Fanggang, and Wang Niansun. Chen Changqi's ability to occupy a seat is itself a lofty symbol of academic status.
Dai Zhen, the character Dongyuan, is famous and is called "the first scholar of the former Qing Dynasty" by Liang Qichao. He was a famous linguist, philosopher, and thinker of the Qing Dynasty, who was proficient in phonology, writing, almanac, and geography. Dai Zhen theory of "less praise and more criticism", but he was partial to Chen Changqi. Wu Yanshan recorded in the "Biography of Chen Gong of the Wen Dynasty Military Preparation Road": "Mr. Dai Dongyuan should be ordered to go to Beijing, and his heart was broken at first sight. The "Notes on the Water Classics" of the school, Mr. Li pointed out that he was a blackmail, and Higashihara was limited to official books, and failed to correct them, and often thought that he hated it.
Notes on the Water Classics (by Northern Wei Li Daoyuan)
Shao Eryun edited and revised the "Erya Justice" into a quality mr. to refute more than thirty articles. From this passage, we learned that Dai Zhen's "Notes on the Water Classic" was once reviewed by Chen Changqi. The Notes on the Water Classics is an ancient Chinese geographical masterpiece written by Li Daoyuan of the late Northern Wei Dynasty. Chen Changqi used his profound geographical knowledge to point out many improprieties to Dai Zhen and corrected them. Because of the fact that the official book could not be revised, this incident once made Dai Zhen grumble and cited it as a lifelong regret. Dai Zhen, as an academic predecessor, can attach such importance to Chen Changqi, which shows Chen Changqi's academic status. The Erya Justice written by historian Shao Jinhan in the Chun Dynasty is still a classic work of exegesis recognized by the world. However, few people know that this book is also soaked with Chen Changqi's hard work and sweat. At that time, Chen Changqi reviewed the full draft at the request of Shao Jinhan and corrected more than thirty errors and omissions for Shao Jinhan.
"Erya Justice" (by Shao Jinhan, historian of the Chu Dynasty)
It is no accident that Chen Changqi is knowledgeable, deeply respected and respected by the people. Wang Niansun, a representative figure of the Qianjia School, once commented on Chen Changqi: "Mr. Yu Ciguan was the ancestor of the Yu Ciguan, and later he was also on the same value as The Yuan, and the time of official affairs, he repeatedly told him of ancient righteousness. Yu Eunuch has been traveling for decades, and the people who have seen the dropouts are both refined and knowledgeable, and there are not many people."
Wang Niansun, a Gaoyouren of Jiangsu, the character Huaizu, was born and clean, so he called himself Shi Zhen.
Wang Niansun himself is a master of phonological discipline, and this high evaluation comes from the mouth of Wang Niansun, the Great Confucian of the World, and has undoubtedly reached the point of "incomparable" for the affirmation of Chen Changqi. In the life of Qian Jia, the Wu school represented by Hui Dong in Sinology, the Anhui school represented by Dai Zhen, and the second king of Gaoyou stood on their feet, and they were also the banners of sinology. Wang Niansun and his eldest son Wang Yinzhi were the most specialized in written exhortations, and were called "the second king of Gaoyou". Wang Yinzhi's young jixue was quite conceited and refused to live under the people, which was well known to Kyoto scholars at that time. Wang Niansun was worried that his son's pride and complacency would lead to a future, so he specially ordered him to meet Chen Changqi on the "Great Dai Li", going back and forth a dozen times, Chen Changqi had to answer every question, Wang Yinzhi benefited a lot, and was deeply impressed by Chen Changqi's learning.
Wang Yinzhi (王引之), a Native Gaoyouren of Jiangsu Province, was the eldest son of Wang Niansun and a famous scholar of the Qing Dynasty.
Gui Wencanyun, a famous scholar of the Qing Dynasty, said: "Ruofu Botong Qunshu, a Han Confucian commentator, with what WenCan heard, built from Haikang Chen Guan Lou", believing that Chen Changqi was the first person in Guangdong to "exeget and speak the scriptures". In fact, Chen Changqi made great contributions to the study of Pu Xue, and is known as "the first person in Guangdong Zhi Sinology and Pu Xue".
2
Chen Changqi learned to be rich in the five cars, although he had worked such works as the subset of classics and history that are required for ordinary scholars, in addition to other books such as literature, phonology, political science and law, taxation, medicine, geography, mathematics, astronomy, and even a hundred schools of public arts, he was also widely involved in research and profound achievements. It is a pity that in addition to the publication of the "Testament of Chen Zi" in Jiaqing in the twenty-fourth year (1819), many manuscripts have not been published, and they have not been widely circulated, and many works are still missing, and it is said that they were burned and burned due to a fire at a neighbor's house. These scattered manuscripts include "Examination of the Rheological Changes of The Phonology of Past Dynasties," "The Right and Wrong of the Book of Dai Li," "The Correct and Incorrect of Lao Tzu," "The Correct and Incorrect of the Twenty Sons," "The Examination of The Xunzi," "The Theory of Tianxue," "The Essentials of Tianxue," and "The Notes on Geography," which are major losses to the academic community.
Chen Changqi's spirit of immersing himself in learning is admirable. In the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong (1772), when he was the surveyor of the Three Links Pavilion, he was responsible for the task of checking geography alone. According to Chen Changqi's biography, the geography of the province was complex and difficult to collate, but Chen Changqi was a hundred times more serious, scrutinized and scrutinized, and his thinking was clear and organized, so he won the reputation of 'the most refined geography in his life'. In fact, when Chen Changqi was an official in Kyoto, he often read it with his left picture and right history, and he could flexibly apply this knowledge to practice, and when he was in Zhejiang Wen prefecture, he was able to plan and map the coastal map, which is a good example.
In the sixteenth century, Western missionaries passed on the knowledge of mathematics, physics, astronomy, geography and other disciplines to China, and many scholars in China began to pay attention to the study of traditional Chinese arithmetic and almanac, and a number of scientific treatises appeared, such as Dai Zhen's "Pythagorean Cutting Circle Record", Wu Lan's "Equation Examination", etc., so a group of scholars like Chen Changqi emerged in China, who were both scribes and astronomers and mathematicians. According to the "Dictionary of Chinese Names", Chen Changqi was "good at heavenly calculations, and wrote two books, "Tianxue ShuShu" and "Heavenly Dating Technique", and the "Continuation of Haikang County" recorded that he also wrote "Tianxue Compendium". Chen Changqi mentioned in the preface to the "Celestial Covenant" that "the positive arc triangle is changed to six methods, taking the provincial division method of Lima; taking the method of no division of Monige, and seeking simplicity." Wang Niansun Preface Chen Changqi's "Collection of Notes in the Book Hall" comprehensively evaluated Chen Changqi: "Mr. Yu reads everything in the book, the subset of self-scriptural history and the mystery of Qianxiang Kunyu, the six books, four voices, nine endowed with five punishments, and the flow of the hundreds of skills of the star arithmetic doctor, which does not penetrate the chest." It can be seen that Chen Changqi is well-known for his profound knowledge and is a generation of generalists.
In addition, chen Changqi has a strong interest in art in addition to his studies. Chen Changqi's calligraphy is extremely profound, even if he uses a bald pen, he can form a plump body on ugly paper. "When he was a teenager, he specialized in Ouyang Inquiry, and later he was also the head of Yu Shinan, directly chasing after King Zhong and becoming a family of his own." He studied Ou Kai and Yu Kai particularly thoroughly, and his "Linchi Trivia" said: "Try to take the "Liquan Ming", "Huadu Temple Pagoda" and "Confucius Temple", "Zhaoren Temple" and other monuments to look at it, and then learn ou wufang, learn Yu Wuyuan." Chen Changqi now has a joint engraving in Tianning Temple, "it seems that there is no wonder Su Xueshi has also been commented, and there are interesting stones in the second perch", which can be described as a poem and book, which is breathtaking. Chen Changqi is also an art connoisseur, and it seems that Chen Changqi has a lot of experience in the study of painting art from his wide range of inscription poems. Chen Changqi's poem "Title Li Jiyang He Mu Han Lantern Lesson Diagram": "The painter is like Gu Kaizhi, and the past in the picture is known." Fenggu caresses the daughter-in-law to complete the festival, and the female Shi Sizhen sues Shu Ji. "The Gu Kaizhi mentioned in the poem was a great painter of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and was known as a painter at the time. Chen Changqi fully affirmed Li Jiyang's paintings through Gu Kaizhi, which shows that his knowledge is profound and his ability to appreciate is profound, and it is difficult for ordinary scholars to look up to him.
3
Chen Changqi devoted his life to the development of education and made indelible contributions to Guangdong's education and cultural undertakings.
Chen Changqi Dingyou or resigned from his official post and returned to his hometown during his studies at Yuexiu Academy and Leiyang Academy. In September of the third year of Jiaqing (1798), Chen Changqi died of his father's illness and returned to the south to mourn. In Suzhou, the Inspector of Zhejiang wanted to hire Chen Changqi as the chair of Zhongshan Academy, and Chen Changqi resigned. Jiaqing 4th year (1799) May Dalei State. In the winter, Ji Qing, the governor of Liangguang, and Lu Youren, the governor of Guangdong, admired Chen Changqi's scholarly character and hired him to teach Yuexiu Academy and serve as the chief of the mountain.
Yuexiu College
Chen Changqi was employed at Yuexiu Academy until the end of Ding You. In the early Qing Dynasty, Yuexiu Academy was the richest of the colleges in the provincial city. Rong Fu Yishi, the dean of the erudite, the selection of high talents, strict academic rules, so yuexiu academy Li Kang, Yong, Qian, Jia, Dao five dynasties, 140 years, the province of the college scientific expedition of the niu'er, cheng for the provincial city of the highest school, has the "seaside Zoulu" known. Chen Changqi lived up to expectations, "Selection and selection, raising the book of merit, climbing the list, Zhongjun Zhiyan, referring to the invincible, the great quill, outstanding, clear and effective, and manifested as such." At that time, Yuexiu Academy was full of talents and flourished. In the fourteenth year of Jiaqing (1809), Chen Changqi resigned his official post and returned to his hometown, once again teaching at Yuexiu Academy. Of course, Chen Changqi also took good care of the Leiyang Academy in his hometown, and the thesis teachers were earnest. Chen Changqi was praised and respected, and Waiter Wen Shi spoke highly of Chen Changqi as guangdong's "phoenix zhicao". In addition, Chen Changqi worked as an examiner twice, the first time in the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong (1774), presiding over the township examination in Hubei Province. The second time was in the forty years of Qianlong (1775), participating in the examination sponsored by the Ministry of Rites, Chen Changqi selected talents without sparing any effort to support the backwards.
Another thing that is commendable is that Chen Changqi played his residual heat in his later years and led the revision of the "Haikang County Chronicle", "Leizhou Fuzhi" and "Guangdong Tongzhi". Chen Changqi has worked in the Hanlin Academy for many years, and has served as a revision officer of the "Three Links Pavilion", the "Wenyuan Pavilion" school manager, the "SikuGuan" collation survey, etc., with rich experience in repair, Chen Changqi is undoubtedly a master of history. Lin Zixiong recorded in the "Study of Chen Changqi": "During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, Ruan Yuanlai served as the governor of Guangdong and Guangdong, rebuilt the "Guangdong Tongzhi", and preferred Chen Changqi, a guangdong Haikang national, as the general editor. In fact, before that, many officials in previous posts believed that Chen Changqi was the best candidate to edit the provincial chronicle, believing that "Changqi did not come out and had no ambitions." The Guangdong Tongzhi took three years and was written in three hundred and thirty-four volumes, "the volumes are voluminous and detailed, and the style is elegant." Many historians believe that this Guangdong Tongzhi is more complete than all the Guangdong Tongzhi before or after it.
Chen Changqi, a sage of Southern Guangdong, in the eyes of Liang Qichao, he is a generation of Shuoru, and his former residence "Observes the First" Glazed Tiles to count the vicissitudes of the years, and still inspires generations of Zhanjiang people.