Cover news reporter Li Yuxin
After the last frost of autumn falls, entering the Gregorian calendar in November, the first solar term of winter is ushered in - Lidong. It should be known that lidong is a seasonal solar term, which means that it has entered winter since then. Subsequently, light snowfall will follow, indicating that the weather will move further towards cold temperatures.
Although winter may seem cold and long, in the middle of the festival, there are also many interesting and happy customs. For example, the "winter supplement" emphasized by the ancients began with the establishment of the winter festival, which is a traditional Chinese food custom. The ancients believed that winter was a good time for the body to "supplement", and the cold weather needed to be replenished to survive the harsh winter. So, eat tangyuan, tofu, dumplings, drink lamb soup... Delicacies begin to take turns, soothing the body trembling with cold air with delicious food.
Recruit the most worried place, send winter clothes season
Winter Clothing Festival November 5 (the first day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar)
Every year on the first day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar, it is the Winter Clothing Festival, and because of this, the Winter Clothing Festival is also known as the "October Dynasty" and "Ancestor Worship Festival", which is a traditional Chinese sacrifice festival. On this day, people offer sacrifices to commemorate the relatives of the immortals, which is called sending cold clothes.
According to legend, the Winter Clothing Festival originated in the Zhou Dynasty, and it is recorded in the Book of Poetry, Fengfeng, and July that "fire flows in July, and clothes are given in September". This means that from September onwards, it is getting colder, and it is time for people to buy clothes to keep them warm. Because the weather in September has not yet completely cooled, this custom has been moved to October as time has evolved, so the Winter Clothing Festival is also known as the "Clothing Festival".
"Snow Map" Five generations of Juran
According to records, during the Northern Song Dynasty, the customs of the Winter Clothing Festival mainly had two aspects: teaching clothes and burning clothes. The so-called gift of clothes, that is, the emperor rewards cotton clothes to civil and military officials to show concern. The Tokyo Dream Record writes: "On the day of October, Zaichen has been dressed in brocade for three days. "To burn clothes is to prepare cold clothes for the deceased and to burn them before taking them to the grave." It is recorded in the "Tokyo Dream Record" that in the second half of September, "in the second half of September, I will sell my clothes, boots, shoes, hats, and clothing sections, and burn them on the New Day of October." ”
Drunk to see the ink flower moon white, trance snow full of the front village
Ritsuwyu November 7
"Winter, finally, all things collected also". In the traditional division of seasons of the ancients, the "four stands" in the twenty-four solar terms were used as the starting point of the four seasons. Winter, the beginning of winter and March. The explanation of "winter" in the "Seventy-two Waiting Solutions to the Moon Order" means that in this festival, all the autumn crops have been harvested, collected, and the animals have been hidden to prepare for hibernation, so it is the "collection of all things" and begins to avoid the cold.
"Xueji River Travel Map" Five Generations Guo Zhongshu
The ancients divided Lidong into three seasons: "one waits for water to start ice; the second waits for the ground to freeze; and three wait for pheasants to enter the big water as a mirage." This means that at this time, the water can already freeze; the land has begun to freeze; large birds such as pheasants are rare, and large clams with similar lines and colors to the pheasants can be seen on the seashore, so the ancients believed that pheasants became large clams after winter.
Although the arrival of lidong means the beginning of the cold and refreshing winter, lidong is also one of the seasonal nodes that the people attach great importance to, because this is the season to enjoy the harvest and recuperate. At the same time, Lidong was one of the "Four Hours and Eight Festivals" in ancient society, which was a very important festival. According to the ancient book "Lü's Spring and Autumn LuDong", "It is the moon that is also the winter of li li." The first three days of winter, the son of the Taishi Gurudwara, said: 'A certain day establishes winter, and shengde is in the water.' 'The Son of Heaven is a faster.' On the day of the establishment of winter, Tianzi personally led the three dukes and nine qing doctors to welcome the winter in the northern suburbs. And he rewards the dead, and the widows and the widows. "In ancient times, the Son of Heaven would perform the ceremony of going out of the countryside to welcome the winter on this day, and there was a system of giving winter clothes to the courtiers and showing mercy to the widows.
In addition to "welcoming winter", the custom that ordinary people look forward to is naturally to be able to taste the delicious "winter". The folk proverb has a cloud: "Li Dong to make up for winter, make up for the mouth empty", farmers work hard for a year, to use the day of Li Dong to rest, eat nourishing ingredients. At the same time, on this day, steaming dumplings are also food that should be tempered. Because dumplings have a saying that they originate from the "time of intercourse", lidong is the turn of autumn and winter, so the dumplings at the time of "intercourse" naturally have to be tasted.
The city is full of towers to see the jade dry, and it is not cold when the snow is clear
Koyuki November 22
"In the middle of October, when the rain falls and the cold is thin, it condenses into snow. The small ones are not prosperous. "Entering the snow season means that the weather will get colder and the precipitation will increase. The ancient book "Qunfang Spectrum" says: "The snow is cold and the snow is cold, and the ground is not cold, but the snow is not big." It means that the "light snow" festival is changed from rain to snow due to the cold weather, but at this time, due to the "cold ground", the amount of snow is not enough, so it is called light snow.
In ancient times, people divided the snow into three seasons: "One waits for the rainbow to disappear, the second waits for the sky to fall, and the third waits for the occlusion into winter." "It means: Because the yang in the sky rises and the yin in the earth falls, resulting in the impassability of heaven and earth, the yin and yang are not intercourse, so all things lose their vitality, and the heavens and the earth are closed and turn into a cold winter.
"Guanshan Snow Map" Northern Song Dynasty Yansu
The folk proverb has clouds, "Winter wax wind pickles, stored in winter". As soon as the snow arrives, various cured meat and pickle activities can be put on the agenda. At this time, farmers begin to make sausages, bacon and other delicacies, and when the Spring Festival comes, they can be enjoyed, especially in the south, people love to eat these foods in winter. In the north, small snow pickles, people make easy-to-store pickles to survive the winter. For many small partners in the north, the memory of winter may be opened from pickles.
"I didn't see a single snow in early winter, but I saw plum blossoms first." Winter has arrived, the chill is getting deeper, and it seems that it has entered the season of slaughter of all things, but the ancient people who are rich in natural wisdom can still find fun and vitality from the winter, and comfort the people who have worked hard for a year.
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