Zhu Shaowen, a fallen scholar, failed to do so, and Bai Sha said cross-talk, and then took La Ayantao and Shen Chunhe as his disciples, and the cross-talk line was officially born.
Passed down to the 4th generation of cross-talk people Ding Flourished, and several top-notch artists appeared, which were later called "Xiangsheng Bade".
"Eight Virtues" refers to Li Dezhuo, Jiao Dehai, Yu Delong, Zhou Deshan, Ma Delu, Zhang Dequan, Liu Dezhi, and Li Dexiang. Later generations of artists mentioned the "Eight Virtues of Cross-Talk" with great respect and worship like gods. So what is the true level of "Xiangsheng Eight Virtues"?
To put it disrespectfully: The so-called "eight virtues" have too many boastful elements, which can only be regarded as "two virtues" at best, and there is a strange phenomenon: the greater these 8 people can endure, the more tragic they will die.
1. Madroot
First, let's talk about Ma Sanli's father, Ma Delu. Ma Delu had read books and was cultured among the artists of the old society, but was forced to learn cross-talk in the family.
Madlu has the ability to do it, and the best skill is the double hook "white sand word", and the stand-up is also good. But Ma Delu teased that he couldn't do it, and he made his fortune by giving Li Dezhuo a lot of work, and after Li Delu died, he couldn't do it, and he could only barely make ends meet by selling art with his son Ma Guiyuan. It shows that the old man is not a wrist, and the real level is debatable.
2. Li Dexiang
Li Dexiang is a teacher of Enxu, and he is the same disciple brother as "Ten Thousand Fans". This person is more "mysterious", without leaving a recording to confiscate the apprentice, the artistic level can not be explored.
3. Yudelong
Yu Delong is the chief disciple of the German generation, and he has the final say in the major affairs and small feelings of this generation. If he doesn't let you take an apprentice, you really won't be able to take it. In fact, the various rules of the cross-talk industry are likely to be created by their generation.
Yu Delong has very little information, and is said to be good at "white sand sprinkling" (it seems that it is not a unique skill), mainly stand-up comedy. Here is a bold guess: the cross-talk in the early stage should be mainly stand-up, and the reason why "cross-talk eight virtues" is famous is probably because it has created and established the mainstream status of "counterpart".
4. Zhou Deshan
Zhou Deshan is also known as "Zhou Toad", the master of Master Ma Sanli. The old man was kind to people, and it was particularly rare to treat his apprentices without beating or scolding, but to get by.
Zhou Toad learned the art at the age of thirteen or fourteen, followed his father "Face Tea Week" in Tianjin Sanwudidi, although he worshiped Teacher Changli, but his ability was learned from his father.
Zhou Toad can be teased, mainly to praise, giving Li Dezhuo the most brilliant 4 years (1919-1923), Li Dezhuo died and then gave Ma Delu a praise, life has since fallen. After Ma Delu's death, Zhou Toad completely lost his partner, and there was a "living pair" with people one after another, and even whispered to Wei Wenliang, who was in his 10s, at the most difficult time.
In his later years, Zhou Deshan's health was not good, his artistic level plummeted, and he repeatedly appeared to leak the bottom of the planing and lose the bottom. Su Wenmao wrote an article saying that Zhou Deshan could not keep up with Zhang Shouchen's work, and he looked at the dry and anxious offstage, and gave himself "Vinegar Lighting" to leak the bottom, forcing him to explode and bow down. Su Wenmao bluntly said that Zhou Deshan in his later years could not keep up with the times, which is very regrettable.
In his later years, Zhou Deshan was poor and destitute, relying on Ma Sanli, Zhao Peiru and other descendants to collect money to support him, and lived a very undignified life.
5. Liu Dezhi
Among the "Eight Virtues of Crosstalk", Liu Dezhi is the youngest and the least popular, but his creative ability is extremely strong. The traditional passage "Crooked Criticism of the Three Kingdoms" is based on his original work "Batch of Three Kingdoms" as a model for continuous adaptation and improvement, and Li Boxiang's "Look at the Red Rock" draws heavily on his "Reading the Red Chamber".
Liu Dezhi's master inheritance is a bit of a problem, he is Xu Youlu's disciple of Daila, but he learned from Jiao Dehai. Liu Dezhi gave Jiao Dehai the most praise and treated him with the courtesy of a master, and after Jiao Dehai's death, Liu Dezhi came forward to raise money for his burial.
Liu Dezhi's master's inheritance is very vague, resulting in his apprentices' generations not being recognized by the cross-talk community for a long time. Of course, this may have something to do with Jiao Dehai Li Dejing.com.
After Jiao Dehai's death, Liu Dezhi changed to stand-up and was beaten in Beijing in the 1940s. At that time, Tianjin already had 5 major fire stalls, and most of the Beijing artists also entered the garden, and Liu Dezhi's situation can be said to be slightly bleak.
After the 1950s, Liu Dezhi served as the deputy leader of the cross-talk improvement group and made certain contributions to the improvement and elimination of cross-talk.
6. Zhang Dequan
Nicknamed "Zhang Mazi", Li Dezhao's disciple led La. Among the artists of the German generation, he was the first to give Li Dejun a praise, and he has the reputation of "Zhang Harmonious Li Zhuang", which shows that the level is quite high.
Zhang De can write and act, can hold and amuse, and is worthy of the title of "both literary and martial arts". From his artistic career, he and Li Dezhuo teased each other, and were the most popular cross-talk partners at that time. The traditional passages "The Great Trial Case", "Playing with Monkeys", "Paying Rent", "Hong Yang Cave", and "Civilized Words" were created and adapted by the two.
If time passes, Zhang Dequan's artistic level and popularity may not be worse than Li Dezhuo's, but unfortunately, his health is not good, and he died suddenly in 1918. After Zhang Dequan's death, Li Dequan used ma delu and Zhou Deshan at the same time, which showed the high level of Zhang Dequan.
The 4 recordings of Li Dezhuo's legacy: "Riddle of Lights", "Scraping Money and Grain", "Spring League", and "Selling Spring League" are all in cooperation with Zhang Dequan, which also fully reflects Zhang Dequan's artistic level.
It is a pity that "Zhang Mazi" died too early, and the artistic life withered away as soon as it bloomed, so it can only be regarded as half a master.
7. Jiao Dehai
Among the "Eight Virtues of Cross-Talk", there are only two and a half who can really be called "masters", Zhang Dequan counts half of them, and Jiao Dehai and Li Dezhao each count one. Looking at the interviews of the old gentlemen, it can be seen that the only people who really caught fire in the German generation of artists are Jiao Dehai and Li Dezhao. The two have had short-term cooperation, but the main relationship is still a competitive relationship, and the relationship has not been very good.
In terms of contribution to the cross-talk community, Jiao Dehai is even higher than Li Dezhao. Jiao Dehai created and sorted out more than 200 cross-talk works, and many precious traditional passages were handed down through his hands; in terms of inheritance, Jiao Dehai can be described as a disciple all over the world, Zhang Shouchen is his apprentice, Hou Baolin is his apprentice, and the current cross-talk artist is estimated to have more than half of his disciples; in terms of popularity, Jiao Dehai's peak is comparable to Li Dejing's, and the competition between the two is almost white-hot.
Jiao Dehai has a problem with smoking a lot, and the addiction is very large, and every performance must be addicted to smoking to get on stage, which is fatal to him. Jiao Dehai's popularity is not very good, his peers are not very willing to partner with him, and most of the partners are apprentices who have been taught by hand.
Jiao Dehai's later period was very miserable, and the last stage of his life was spent in a hospital bed. In 1936, when Jiao Dehai returned home after a performance, he fell to the ground after a smoking addiction on the road, and since then he has been bedridden, often coughing and shortness of breath, and surviving by swallowing large smoke bubbles. In July of the same year, Jiao Dehai died suddenly due to hunger and cold, and the family's savings were only a few dozen yuan.
8. Li Dezhuo
Li Dezhuo was first called "Little Ten Thousand Charms", and "Ten Thousand People Fans" refers to his grandfather Li Guangyi. But qing is better than blue out of blue, and Li Dezhuo was too hot later, and the "small" word in front of "Ten Thousand Charms" spontaneously took it away.
There is no doubt that Li Dezhuo is the most prestigious of the "Eight Virtues of Cross-Talk", 100 years after his death, there are still descendants who continue to mention him, such as Luo Yusheng, Ma Sanli, such masters, mentioning Li Desheng is always full of praise, especially convinced, this is his ability.
"Ten Thousand Charms" is a typical cold-faced laughing craftsman, and the performance style is estimated to be similar to Fang Qingping, who was on fire in previous years. Ma Sanli recalled that the "ten thousand fans" did not bow on the stage, did not communicate with the audience, and put on their hats and left after saying the passage, and the master was full of fan style.
There are many stories handed down by the "Ten Thousand Charms", and they seem to intersect with Zhang Zongchang and Yuan Shikai, but unfortunately, these legends "Spring and Autumn Brushwork" are more likely and logically not very valid.
It is reasonable to speculate that the artistic career of the millions of fans in the middle and late period has declined, and in the later period, they even had to run to Shanghai to collect gold, but unfortunately the money was not earned. Li Dezhuo died the most tragically, going to Shenyang to perform in 1926, and froze to death in a stinky ditch because he could not afford to stay in a hotel. A strange phenomenon of "Cross-Talk Eight Virtues" was born: the most capable person died the most tragically, and Jiao Dehai and Li Dezhao were not like this.
On the one hand, Li Dezhao's decline was due to the physical inability to smoke heavily, and he had to give Zhang Shouchen a hug in the 20s; on the other hand, he was addicted to gambling, and his money was squandered and he was destitute in his later years.
What is rare and valuable is that Li Dezhuo's personality has a well-known reputation in the circle, and he often does this kind of thing after the relief of the difficulty, which is a rare old good man. Ma Sanli was always full of gratitude when he mentioned Li Dezhao, honoring him as "Li Ye" and thanking his father for giving him a hug to earn the courtyard in Nanshi.
The most prestigious legend in the cross-talk industry - "Cross-talk Eight Virtues" is more or less like this, and it is difficult to sort out the limited information. In order to give gold to the industry, cross-talk artists have fabricated many beautiful legends, just as Chuanwu likes to advocate Yang Luchan and Dong Haichuan. This is understandable, but it is not necessary.