Zhu Xi's method of language learning is Zhu Xi's self-experience of reading

Zhu Xi's self-inflicted experience of reading

In addition to advocating "familiar reading and deep thinking" in reading, Zhu Zhen also emphasizes that "reading must be experienced by oneself". He said, "Reading books should not only be based on paper to seek righteousness, but must be instead studied on one's own body." This "self-extrusion" approach has roughly three stages:

First, be humble and contemplative.

Zhu Xi believed that reading books must be "humble and calm, with Xu Guan's sense of righteousness." He said: "If you are humble, you can see the truth clearly, cut yourself, and naturally understand it." It can be seen that humility without prejudice is the primary condition for reading. Only by being humble and contemplative can we make a correct judgment on the content of the book, "If it is desirable, although the words of the worldly philistines are not abolished." If there is any doubt, even if it is said that it is said by the sages, it must be more deliberate, naturally means peace, the reason is clear, the ground is down-to-earth, the action has a basis, and there is no danger of self-deception. Zhu Xi also believed that reading should not be rushed, "otherwise, it will follow the text one by one, rush to the deadline, and do not see the pleasant place, I am afraid that it will not be beneficial in the end." ”

Second, the body is in the body.

(1) Entering the Path. Zhu Xi said: "The door to entering the Dao is to put one's own body into that truth, to gradually become intimate, and for a long time, to become one with oneself, and now the truth of man is here, and his own body is outside, and he has never been involved at all." He said: "If you read well and think well, you will never forget your natural mind and reason."

(2) Inference from the body. Zhu Xi said: "Before he saw his own family, the saint said that he was there first, and his own family only borrowed his words, and he deduced the beginning of the investigation." This means that when one's own insight has not yet been attained, and the wise man first says it in the book, then he will deduce his views on himself and understand it, so that he can truly understand the insight of the wise.

Third, you can't be stubborn.

(1) Yi geng reading. Zhu Xi said: "If you have seen something in reading, it is not necessarily the same, you must not cling to it, and put it aside, it is better to read more, and you have new insights." If you cling to a sight, the mind is obscured by this sight. This means that if you have experience in reading, you are not necessarily right, you can't be stubborn, you can put it aside for the time being, and read more carefully in order to obtain a new perspective. If one clings to an opinion, then the mind is blinded by that view.

(2) All over the audience. Zhu Xi said: "Reading books with their own experience is inherently kind, but it must also be throughout the audience's reasoning and be in line with their interests." If you only rely on your own opinions, but you are afraid that things are not well understood, you want to be anxious and slow down. ”