On October 22, the Information Office of the People's Government of the Autonomous Region held a press conference to invite the relevant responsible persons of the Forestry Bureau of the Autonomous Region, the Department of Natural Resources of the Autonomous Region, the Oceanographic Bureau of the Autonomous Region, and the Department of Ecology and Environment of the Autonomous Region to introduce the relevant situation of the protection of mangrove resources in Guangxi and answer reporters' questions.
The scene of the press conference
About mangroves
Mangrove forest refers to the evergreen shrub or tree composed of evergreen shrubs or trees distributed in the coastal intertidal zone and the mouth of the sea into the sea, which has a variety of important ecological functions such as wave suppression berm, protection of fishery resources, purification of seawater, carbon sequestration, improvement of coastal landscape, etc., known as "coast guard" and "wave elimination pioneer", which plays a very important role in protecting biodiversity, resisting marine natural disasters and improving the coastal ecological environment.
Guangxi is an important distribution area of China's mangrove forest, with a unique island group of mangroves, Hepu County's Shankou Town Yingluo Port distribution of the country's largest contiguous area of natural red sea olive forest, Beihai City Jinwan distributed In China's largest urban mangrove forest and sand mangrove forest. According to the results of the special survey on mangrove resources and suitable restoration land jointly organized by the Ministry of Natural Resources and the State Forestry and Grassland Administration in April 2019, the total area of mangroves in Guangxi is 9330.34 hectares, accounting for 32.7% of the country, second only to Guangdong Province (12,200 hectares), ranking second in the country.
On October 4, in Rhino's Foot Town, Qinnan District, Qinzhou City, flocks of egrets and various seabirds foraged on mangrove beaches, creating a beautiful picture of the coastal countryside. Guangxi Daily reporter Zhou Jun photographed
Promulgated the Guangxi Mangrove Resources Conservation Plan
(2020-2030)
Clarify mangrove conservation targets
In recent years, Guangxi has successively promulgated the Regulations on the Protection of Wetlands in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the Regulations on the Protection of Mangrove Resources in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and the Measures for the Management of The Mangrove Ecological Nature Reserve at the Mouth of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the Beilun Hekou National Nature Reserve, thus realizing that the protection and management of mangroves have a legal basis and gradually standardizing and legalizing the protection and management of mangroves. At the same time, Guangxi implemented mangrove wetland protection and restoration projects. Since 2011, a total of 607.8 hectares of mangroves have been created. Through the creation of mangroves, the area of mangroves has been expanded, the area of mangroves has increased year by year, and the biodiversity of mangrove wetlands has been restored to a certain extent.
Guangxi scientific research institutions actively carry out scientific and technological innovation to promote mangrove ecological restoration, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center original "buried pipeline mangrove in situ ecological breeding system", for the first time in the world to achieve the goal of ecological breeding without cutting or surrounding mangroves; concept design and supervision of China's first "ecological seawall", affirmed and instructed by the central leadership to promote; the first proposed and preliminary construction of the "Shrimp Pond Mangrove Ecological Farm" was selected as the implementation of the "Convention on Biological Diversity" China's four major successful cases.
In March 2021, with the approval of the People's Government of the Autonomous Region, the Guangxi Mangrove Resources Protection Plan (2020-2030) (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") was issued and implemented. The "Plan" clarifies the goals and tasks, delineates the mangrove areas that prohibit and restrict the development and construction, and puts forward the main tasks, major projects and safeguard measures to guide the protection of mangrove resources in the whole region in the coming period.
According to the objectives and tasks of the "Plan" -
By 2025, all mangrove lands will implement the responsibility of management; 1,000 hectares of mangrove forests will be newly created, and the number of mangroves in the whole region will exceed 10,000 hectares; 3,500 hectares of existing mangroves will be restored; the proportion of mangroves included in natural protected areas will reach more than 50% through the integration and optimization of natural protected areas and the construction of new mangrove nature reserves; 2 new mangrove protection communities will be built to improve the construction of 6 mangrove protection communities; and the mangrove protection management institutions and teams will be further enriched. The protection and management capacity has been significantly improved; a mangrove survey, monitoring and scientific research system has been initially formed; the use of mangroves has been effectively controlled, and breakthroughs have been made in the sustainable use of mangroves.
By 2030, the number of mangroves in Guangxi will be stable at more than 10,000 hectares, and the proportion of mangroves included in various types of natural protected areas will be further increased.
Mangrove nursery taken by the sea in Rhino's Foot Town, Qinnan District, Qinzhou City , October 3 ( drone photo ) by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhou Hua
4 important mangrove areas
It was included in the first list of important wetlands in the autonomous region
Mangroves play a very important role in protecting biodiversity, resisting marine natural disasters and improving the coastal ecological environment, and in November 2020, with the consent of the leaders of the autonomous regional people's government, a working conference on the protection and restoration of mangrove resources in the whole region was held, which compacted the main responsibilities of the territorial government. In addition, four important mangrove areas, including mangroves on the east bank of Hepu Tieshan Port, Hepu Dangjiang Mangroves, Fangchenggang East-West Bay Mangroves, and Beihai Binhai Wetland Park Mangroves, were included in the first batch of important wetland directory management in the autonomous region, and local regulatory responsibilities were implemented.
Since 2018, the three coastal cities have investigated and dealt with 12 illegal acts that damage or affect mangrove habitats, including 4 in Beihai City, 6 in Qinzhou City, and 2 in Fangchenggang City. According to the problems involved in different cases, the Forestry Bureau of the Autonomous Region urged the three coastal cities to further strengthen the law enforcement supervision of mangroves, and increase the investigation and rectification of various violations of laws and regulations against mangroves. In May this year, the Forestry Bureau of the Autonomous Region issued the "Guangxi Mangrove Tree Value Calculation Standards (2021 Edition)", which provides a basis for the investigation and handling of illegal acts of destroying mangrove resources in the whole region and the calculation of the value of damage determination.
During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the Forestry Bureau of the Autonomous Region actively organized the three coastal cities to promote mangrove protection and restoration in an orderly manner according to local conditions, and used the central government's wetland protection funds, marine ecological protection and restoration funds, and local self-financing to create a total of 569 hectares of mangroves and 261 hectares of mangroves, realizing that the area of mangroves increased year by year. In recent years, Guangxi has focused on strengthening the scientific research and monitoring of mangroves, carried out research on the breeding of mangrove species, and established an autonomous region-level mangrove breeding base in the shelter forest farm in Beihai City, and has successfully cultivated 8 varieties of mangrove seedlings such as tung flower tree, autumn eggplant, white bone soil, wood olive and red sea olive.
This is the fruit of the mangrove forest. The fruit of the mangrove forest is 1-2 cm in diameter and is a propagating seedling that develops within the tree, also known as the mother seedling. Seeds can sprout in the fruit of the tree to grow into seedlings, and then break away from the mother plant and fall into the mud to develop and grow (september 30). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Ailin
Press Conference Answers to Reporters' Questions (Excerpts)
Q: In August 2020, the Ministry of Natural Resources and the State Forestry and Grassland Administration issued the Special Action Plan for Mangrove Protection and Restoration (2020-2025), mangrove protection and restoration as the main task of the Guangxi Mangrove Resources Protection Plan (2020-2030), what measures have the natural resources department taken to promote the implementation of the Guangxi Mangrove Resources Conservation Plan (2020-2030) and the implementation of the special action for mangrove protection and restoration?
A: In promoting the implementation of the Guangxi Mangrove Resources Conservation Plan (2020-2030) and the implementation of the special action for mangrove protection and restoration, the Department of Natural Resources of the Autonomous Region has focused on the following work:
The first is to implement differentiated control of mangrove space and use. According to the management requirements of different areas of mangrove forests that prohibit and restrict the development and construction of mangroves, an access list and a negative list are formulated, and the space access system is strictly implemented. Guide cities and counties (districts) in the mangrove area to include all mangrove land in the ecological protection redline when preparing territorial spatial planning and carrying out ecological protection redline assessment and adjustment work, and make overall control in the territorial spatial planning. For mangrove land and mangrove suitable restoration areas included in the red line of ecological protection, management is strengthened in strict accordance with relevant policies, and all activities carried out in mangrove areas must comply with the requirements of the state and autonomous regions for space and use control.
The second is to promote the pilot project of confirming the registration of rights to mangrove natural resources. The pilot area of confirming rights is 8,000 hectares, clearly defining the property rights subjects of mangrove resource assets, delineating the boundaries of ownership and use rights of mangrove forests and mangrove suitable restoration sites, and clarifying the nature of rights. Take nature reserves as independent registration units, and implement the content of mangrove resource assets in nature reserves. The competent forestry departments of districted cities and counties where mangrove resources are located shall implement the responsibility for the management and protection of mangroves outside the natural protected areas, and conclude a forest protection convention with the village (resident) committees where mangrove resources are located, to strengthen the management and protection of mangrove resources. Implement agreement management for mangrove forests and mangrove suitable restoration areas owned by collectives and individuals, and explore ways to safeguard the rights and interests of property owners through leasing, replacement, redemption, cooperation and other means in accordance with the principles of law, voluntariness and compensation, so as to achieve diversified protection.
The third is to coordinate the restoration of existing mangrove ecosystems. Combined with the blue bay remediation action, coastal zone protection and restoration project, wetland protection and restoration project, coastal shelter forest system construction, etc., strengthen the restoration of the structure and function of key mangrove areas. Since 2017, we have strived for more than 6 billion yuan of central and local funds to restore the structure and functions of key areas such as typical marine ecosystems by combining natural restoration and moderate artificial restoration, improving biodiversity and increasing the stability and integrity of mangrove ecosystems.
Q: The Special Action Plan for Mangrove Protection and Restoration (2020-2025) issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources and the State Forestry and Grassland Administration has explicitly used funds for marine ecological protection and restoration to support mangrove protection and restoration. The Guangxi Mangrove Resources Protection Plan (2020-2030) also clearly proposes to strive for the central government's marine ecological protection and restoration funds to carry out mangrove protection and restoration work. In the next step, how will the Autonomous Region Oceanic Bureau support the completion of mangrove protection and restoration planning tasks by declaring marine ecological protection and restoration projects?
Answer: Marine ecological restoration mainly includes two categories: with specific responsible subjects and without specific responsible subjects, the former refers to some sea-related projects that cause damage to the marine ecological environment, and the competent department organizes targeted ecological assessments and organizes the formulation of ecological restoration plans, collects fees from owners or instructs owners to implement restoration projects. The latter refers to the organization and implementation of the ecological restoration implementation plan (including the feasibility study report) by the competent department for a wide range of public and unowned destruction sites of the marine ecological environment, and the organization and application of the national marine ecological protection and restoration project, striving for central funds and implementing local supporting funds. Mangroves, as an important marine ecosystem in Guangxi, are of course included in the restoration.
At present, the marine ecological protection and restoration projects organized by the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Finance mainly have two major blocks: one is the "Blue Bay" comprehensive rectification action, and the other is the coastal zone protection and restoration project, both of which cover the protection and restoration of mangrove forests. At the level of the autonomous region, the Oceanographic Bureau of the Autonomous Region, together with the Department of Finance, the Department of Natural Resources, the Department of Ecology and Environment, and the Forestry Bureau, jointly declare and promote the implementation of the National Marine Ecological Protection and Restoration Project.
In recent years, our region has achieved remarkable results in mangrove protection and restoration, especially the Fengjiajiang Ecological Restoration Project in Beihai was included in the top ten typical cases of ecological restoration with Chinese characteristics in June this year, and the Ministry of Natural Resources recommended it to the International Union of Nature (IUCN) as a Chinese case of marine ecological restoration based on "Nature Solutions (NbS)", and made a typical speech at the Guiyang Ecological Civilization International Forum.
After the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Finance determined that the funds of the central financial marine ecological protection and restoration project could be used to help the protection and restoration of mangrove resources and the promulgation and implementation of the Guangxi Mangrove Resources Conservation Plan (2020-2030), the Autonomous Region Oceanic Bureau actively docked with the Autonomous Region Forestry Bureau during the project application stage, and clearly required the marine authorities and forestry departments of beihai, Qinzhou and Fangchenggang to jointly participate in the declaration of the central financial marine ecological protection and restoration project. The restoration and protection of mangroves is included in the project as an important content. At the same time, when formulating and compiling the Action Plan for the Restoration of the Marine Ecological Environment in Guangxi and the Master Plan for the Spatial Ecological Restoration of Guangxi Land (Marine Part), the Oceanographic Bureau of the Autonomous Region took the initiative to link up with the "Implementation Plan for the Special Action for the Protection and Restoration of Mangrove Resources in Guangxi" organized and formulated by the Forestry Bureau of the Autonomous Region, solicited the opinions of the Forestry Bureau, and strived to reach the greatest consensus. According to incomplete statistics, as of September 2021, the three coastal cities have used the central government's marine ecological protection and restoration funds to restore a total of 38.45 hectares of mangroves, effectively supporting the planning task of mangrove protection and restoration.
In the future, the Oceanic Bureau of the Autonomous Region will continue to strengthen cooperation with relevant departments and bureaus, including the Forestry Bureau of the Autonomous Region, and organize the three cities of Beihai, Fangchenggang and Qinzhou to strive for central transfer payments for ecological protection and restoration funds, and contribute to the protection and restoration of mangrove forests in our region.
Guangxi Daily-Guangxi Cloud Client Reporter 丨Luo Shanshan Feng Yaohua Yang Kang
Source: Guangxi Daily