If you are a little older friend, 20 or 30 years ago, you must have this impression, when as long as anyone cooks rib soup, the neighbors next door can smell the aroma of pork, the soup is rich, the pork is delicate, and the mouth is full of fragrance.
But now you can't smell the pork before, let alone the neighbors next door. The meat tastes less intense, not so delicate, let alone fragrant in the mouth.
Many people boil it down to the fact that their living conditions have improved, and they can eat meat every day if they want to, and they feel bored by eating too much. Unlike 20 or 30 years ago, due to conditions, you can eat a meal of meat a week, or even a month, because you eat less, so it feels particularly delicious.
If there are friends living in remote areas, they will not think so, and the Chinese native pork fed by their omnivorous food there is the same aroma as before 20 or 30.
Therefore, eating too much will become boring, and there is a possibility, but it only accounts for a very small part of the factor. The main reason is the change in pig breed and feeding methods, which causes the current pork boredom. In the middle of these two, the breed of pigs accounts for most of the factors.
To understand the breed of pigs, we must start from the evolutionary history of pigs
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the evolutionary history of pigs</h1>
According to existing research, the ancestors of pigs can be traced back to the "suburban pigs" 40 million years ago, when the suburban pigs were only the size of rabbits, with slender bodies, long tails, short limbs, long claws on their feet, and were able to climb trees very flexibly.
Country pigs
There are about several types of suburban pigs that have evolved: ancient giant pigs, complete-toothed pigs (bow-jawed pigs), and phomopod pigs, and then one of them, the ancient giant pig, evolved into the Kuban pig 15 million years ago, which is the ancestor of the current domestic pig and wild boar.
Kuban pigs
The domestic pig is a subspecies of wild boar domestication, and there are three main subspecies recognized by the mainstream of the world: the central European wild boar (Sus scrofa), the Southeast Asian wild boar (Sus vittatus) and the Indian wild boar (Sus cristatus), and the ancestors of our country are domesticated by the Southeast Asian wild boar, forming a unique breed - the Chinese native pig.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the breeding history of Chinese native pigs</h1>
China's pig raising history can be said to have a long history, is the world's earliest began to domesticate wild boar countries, according to the existing research data show that in the early and middle Neolithic, our ancestors have begun to domesticate wild boar, pig breeding has a history of nearly 10,000 years.
In the excavation of the YinShang Monument, it was found that there was a special pig house, and according to the oracle bone records, at that time, the pigs that were farmed had been distinguished for different purposes, and a technological innovation in pig breeding was created, that is, castration.
With the promotion of breeding technology, pig breeding gradually flourished, the number of pigs, at that time became a symbol of wealth and status, the Chinese character "home" is composed of "宀" and "豕 (shǐ)" and "宀" refers to the house, 豕 in ancient times refers to pigs, that is to say, there are pigs under the house, in order to form a home, which shows the importance of pigs at that time.
Unearthed Han Dynasty clay pig house
However, after the Han Dynasty, from the Wei and Jin Dynasties, due to the great integration of nationalities, sheep brought from the north became the mainstream meat on the table at that time, and this situation continued for more than 1,000 years, until the Ming and Qing Dynasties, only to restore the main position of pork on the table, this situation has continued to the present.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the current situation of Chinese native pigs</h1>
Chinese native pig does not refer to a kind of pig, but a general term for Rongchang pig, Luchuan pig, Huai pig, Taihu pig, Jinhua pig, Northeast famous pig, fragrant pig, etc., and the most significant feature is that it is native.
Entering the 70s and 80s of the last century, with the reform and opening up of the country to reopen, foreign pigs began to introduce into the domestic market, but the number at that time was not too much, the Chinese native pig is still the absolute main force, accounting for 90% of the market share, foreign pigs only account for a small part.
Jinhua pig
With the accession to the WTO, the people gradually became richer and began to pursue a higher quality of life. As a big food country, an important embodiment of the quality of life in China is the amount of meat on the table, so the richer the people, the higher the demand for pork.
Although the meat of the Chinese native pig is delicious, it has three disadvantages:
The amount of food is very large, and the Chinese native pig wants to grow a pound of meat, at least 6 pounds of feed, while the foreign pig only needs 3 pounds
The breeding cycle is long, according to the traditional breeding method, it takes at least one year, while the foreign pig only needs 6 months
The fat layer is thicker, and the lean meat rate of Chinese native pigs accounts for about 35%, while the proportion of foreign pigs accounts for 65%.
Because of the following shortcomings, the meat quality of the Chinese native pig is delicious, because the breeding cycle is long, the feeding cost is high, so the price is also high, and because the fat layer is thicker, it is not accepted by the public.
Raise large fat pigs for more than one year
Due to these reasons, the market is gradually choosing foreign pigs with less food, faster growth, less fat layer and more raw, and the proportion of foreign pigs is increasing year by year.
According to the latest research, the market share of Chinese native pigs has dropped from 90% to 2%, which means that 98% of the market is now a foreign pig market, which means that most people in China are now foreign pork on their tables.
According to the "China Youth Daily" once reported, at present, there are 4 breeds of Chinese native pigs, such as Dingxian pigs, Longyou black pigs, and narrow black pigs, which have become extinct, and at least 37 other breeds are on the verge of extinction.
Partially endangered Chinese native pigs
how to break through the status quo > <h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right"? </h1>
Chen Qingming, a professor at China Agricultural University, once said in an interview: "The extinction of pig breeds is also an ecological disaster."
The Ministry of Agriculture has issued the "National Inventory of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Protection": there are a total of 90 varieties of Chinese native pigs, of which 42 are national-level protected varieties, 32 are provincial-level protected varieties, and 15 other varieties are listed in key protection. It can also be seen from the data that the country's determination to prevent the extinction of the Chinese native pig also shows that only 1 of the 90 breeds has not been included in the protection list. Looking at this set of data is really sad.
Foreign pigs in farms
Protection alone is not enough. It is necessary to let the Chinese native pig go to the market, more people are willing to buy, and the farmers are willing to breed, in order to avoid the extinction of the Chinese native pig.
In order to let the Chinese native pig go to the market, it is necessary to solve the shortcomings of the Chinese native pig with a large amount of food, a slow growth cycle, and a thick fat layer. To address these shortcomings, it is necessary to improve varieties.
Breed improvement involves the lowest level of genetic research, that is, in this regard, compared with foreign countries, we are still in a weak position, Western developed countries in this regard are indeed ahead of us, which is why the foreign pigs they breed can occupy the world market.
In recent years, due to the progress of science and technology, but also due to the delicious characteristics of Chinese native pork, some Internet giants smell the business opportunities contained in this, have been involved in the breeding industry of Chinese native pigs, under the impetus of a large amount of funds, the breed improvement of Chinese native pigs has also made some research breakthroughs. However, frozen three feet, not a day of cold, want to complete the rectification of the Improvement of Chinese Pigs in a short period of time is not realistic, there must be a process, so at this stage, the price of Chinese pigs is still higher than the price of foreign pigs.
If you have a choice, would you like to buy Chinese native pork that is more expensive but has a more delicious meat?