Author: Chen Xuefeng
From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, a group of famous figures from the Pearl River Delta centered on Guangzhou entered Chaoshan and left corresponding poems, which promoted the development of Chaoshan culture and strengthened the relationship between Lingdong figures and Guangfu figures. The lyricist Wang Yu is one of the comedians.
According to Wang Jinju and Wang Yongqing' "Study of the Lingnan Curtain Poet Wang Yu": Wang Yu (1828-1891), the character Yuquan, the number Fusheng, and the number Gu'an. Originally from Shanyin, Zhejiang, he grew up in eastern Guangdong with his father since childhood, and was naturalized in Panyu nearly his old age. Xianfeng was initially a guest of the prefecture and county, and Guangxujian successively joined the governors of Liangguang, Liu Kunyi, Yu Kuan, Zhang Shusheng, and Zeng Guoquan, and was extremely talented, especially good at foreign affairs, and was highly relied upon by the shogunate. Zeng Guoquan once sighed, "My brother (Zeng Guofan) did not know Jun. Wang Yu was also Zhu Zhixin's maternal grandfather and Wang Zhaoming's (Jingwei) uncle. Wang Zhaoquan's son Wang Zhaoquan (汪兆铨), the son of Wang Zhaoyong, was also a famous literati in modern Guangdong.
In the Qing Dynasty, there were many Zhejiang people who entered Guangdong during the Jia Daoxian period and grew up in Lingnan, such as Ye Gongqi and Ye Yanlan. Wang Yu's poetry is of excellent character, and Zhang Weiping, Chen Li, Chen Baozhen, And Wen Tingshi have praised his literary achievements. Wang Yu's works include: "Suishanguan Obscene Manuscript", "Suishanguan Series Manuscript", "Suishanguan Lyrics", "Suishanguan Ruler", "Song smoke record" and so on.
The Compendium of the Annals of Wang Hu, appended to the Lingnan Muke Poet Wang Hu Research, records that in the first year of Xianfeng (1851), when Wang Yu was 24 years old, in the autumn of that year, Wang Yu had the "Book of Chaozhou of the Twelve Brothers", "The Twelve Brothers of Chaozhou Letters, and wrote with feeling". According to this, Wang Yu has long been concerned about the affairs of Chaozhou.
Wufu, one of Wang's shoguns, served successively in the three counties of Yangshan, Dongguan, and Panyu, as well as the five prefectures of Lian, Qiong, Chao, Gao, and Zhaoqing, for a total of 16 years. By 1868, Wufu died in an official position, and Wang Yu chose another curtain. When Wang Yu went to Chaozhou, he followed Wufu and appeared as a guest. The Compendium of The Annals of Wang Hu records that in the fifth year of Tongzhi (1866), when Wang Hu was 39 years old, he said: "In the autumn, return to Guangzhou for more than a month, there was a trip to Chaozhou. ”
In the sixth year of Tongzhi (1867), the 40-year-old Wang Yu wrote "Four Poems of Huang Lao Xiang Gong Ancestral Hall" after visiting the Huang Lao Xiang Gong Ancestral Hall, and the preface to the poem introduced the origin of the ancestral hall: "Huang Dinggong, Shangyuan Zhusheng, Ming Chongzhen's last guest Chaoyang, Jiashen's change, went to the county temple well to die." Later generations built a temple next to the well, and the ancestral hall of Huang Lao Xianggong was known as the Huang Lao XiangGong Temple. In the poem, Wang Yu wrote about the martyrdom of Huang Lao Xianggong, "The emperor of the Nine Original Martyrdom Festival, the thousand people called the old Xianggong." At the same time, he also expressed his admiration and regret for Huang Laoxianggong, "Green shirts and white hair old people, but Han Ru is light."
In the eighth year of Tongzhi (1869), Wang Yu once again visited Chaozhou and entered the subordinates of The Salt Transporter Mao Cheng. In June of the tenth year of Tongzhi (1871), Chaozhou sent a flood. Wang Hu witnessed the flood with his own eyes under the curtain of Mao Cheng, and wrote "Feeling the Feeling of the Great Water in Chaozhou in June", which made an image of the flood: "The county town overlooks the Han River and haunts the southeast corner. The giant immersion is at first sight, and there are not more than three editions. Safety is at stake, and lives are at stake. Fortunately, ji shikai, made the soul of Su. There are 100,000 households in the city, and only they are exempt from degeneration. Hundreds of villages outside the city have become filthy. The surplus grain was lost, and he fled the fishing dragon with a small life. The geese are whining and hungry everywhere. ”
The above poems are quite similar to Du Fu's historical poems, expressing the emotions of worrying about the country and the people. As a guest of honor, Wang Yu once advised the parties concerned to provide relief to the victims of the disaster, establish a method of dispersing relief, and contribute to alleviating the crisis. Zhu Qilian recorded in the "Letter of Mr. Wang": "In June of the tenth year of Tongzhi, the big water, the city was almost gone, the Cai family was surrounded, the people and livestock were drifting, and Mr. Wang advised the parties to give relief, established the law of scattering relief, and the text was more than his hand. "Zhu Qilian, originally from Xiaoshan, Zhejiang, the father of Zhu Zhixin. In the nineteenth year, you were at the door of Wang Yu and his wife.
After Mao Cheng was impeached and lost his official position, Wang Yu had "Sending Mao Zhe Zhai back to Rugao Order". In the preface, Wang Yu specifically wrote that after the impeachment of the impostor and the loss of office, he lived in Guangzhou, and if any Guangzhou people went to Chaozhou at that time, the citizens would "ask the jun an or not", which shows that the impostor was deeply loved by the local people.
In the eleventh year of Tongzhi (1872), Wang Yu was under the junda curtain. Due to the flood and drought in Chaozhou, the officials privately used treasury silver to relieve the disaster, totaling 2,000 taels. According to the laws of the Qing Dynasty, the state treasury contains more than 500 taels of silver, and it may not be embezzled without the approval of the superior. Junda didn't know how to fix the matter. Wang Yu came up with a way to supplement the treasury with tax deeds, take it from the people, use it for the people, solve this problem, and follow the example of other counties.
Wang Hu was attentive to practice when he was in the tide, and his book "Suishanguan Ruler" recorded: "Compared with the study of the machine in the sea, there is no shortage of people in China who are good at this. Chaozhou, see Haiyang Ling Yang Junshi Songyuan Hua Minren also, the law of the Tongxi State Wheel, the three light instruments made by it, also known to the Taixi people. ”
The above-mentioned Haiyang County ordered Yang Shisong to make a three-light instrument, which is less heard of. Wang Hu's "Suishanguan Ruler" also records Yang Shisong's discussion of the making of instruments to Wang Hu, which fully proves the exchanges between Wang Hu and local officials in Chaozhou.
At the time of the tide, Wang Yu once went to the Han Wen Ancestral Hall and wrote the "Gurudwara Han Gong Ancestral Hall": "The hot and desolate heavens want to enlighten civilization, but they send the public to go to the sea." Senzai Jiangshan left his surname, and for a time the Immortal Buddha borrowed his fame. The ancient temple is yin and yellow banana hot, and the broken inscription is remnants of bi moss. Try to look at the Big Dipper in the middle of the night, but you can also shine on Ngee Ann City. ”
Ngee An City is a synonym for Chaozhou City, and Han Yu is an official who has contributed to Chaozhou. Some researchers in this poem believe that the last two sentences, "Try to look at the Beidou in the middle of the night, but you can still shine on the city of Nghe An" are alluding to the fact that the city of Guangzhou at that time did not have officials who were as committed to the suffering of the people as Han Yu, which was a cross-examination of the fainting officials and a call to the officials.
In addition, Wang Zhaoquan's son Wang Zhaoquan served as a Confucian official in Chaozhou. Wang Zhaoquan (1859-1929), in his twentieth year, studied with his younger brother Wang Zhaoyong at SuishanGuan. In the seventh year of Guangxu (1881), he was selected to study in Haitang. In the eleventh year of Guangxu (1885), he successively served as a teacher in Haiyang County (present-day Chaozhou), the head of Jupo Jingshe, the chief of Guangya College, and the provost of Guangdong Higher School.
Wang Yu himself wrote to himself in the "Six Songs of Shu Huai": "It has been several years since the closed house has been raising people, and yao shengwenjun of laimen, Qilian Zhu's son-in-law, and Tao's nephew Er kun are asked for the needs of the day and night when they are old." This autumn, the son was given the title of Haiyang Scholar, and the sons were thankful. Although the Confucian officials are thin and do not use them carefully, they can only do their best to tell the truth at any time. ”
In summary, the Panyu Wang clan originally from Zhejiang had a great influence on Guangdong culture, and the Wang clan has a certain relationship with the Chaoshan region, which is worthy of the attention of literary and historical researchers.