Nowadays, with the vigorous development of aquaculture, the aging and degradation of breeding species, the frequent occurrence of aquatic animal diseases, the deterioration of the aquaculture water environment, especially the breeding mode based on bait, eating the remaining bait, residue, and the regular disinfection of some breeding friends or the use of modified aquatic products on the pollution of water bodies, today's aquatic animal diseases are more and more frequent, so improving the living environment of aquatic organisms is also more and more serious, maintaining a good water environment can effectively prevent various diseases of farmed animals, improve production, Increase the income from aquaculture. Due to its good stability, strong stress resistance and high survival rate, Bacillus has attracted more and more attention for its research and application.
Pond, Bacillus
First, the purification mechanism of Bacillus
The use of bacillus water purification microorganisms enables farmers to remove the waste that remains at the bottom of the breeding water for a long time without interrupting the breeding process, especially the large amount of residual bait, excretion waste, animal and plant residues and harmful gases (ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) accumulated at the bottom of the old shrimp pond, so that it is first decomposed into small molecules (polypeptides, higher fatty acids, etc.). After decomposition into smaller molecular organic matter (amino acids, low-grade fatty acids, monosaccharides, cyclic hydrocarbons, etc.), and finally decomposed into carbon dioxide, nitrates, sulfates, etc., effectively reducing the COD and BOD in the water, so that the ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N) and sulfide concentrations in the water body are reduced, thereby effectively improving the water quality.
At the same time, it can also provide nutrients for phytoplankton, mainly single-celled algae, and promote reproduction. The photosynthesis of these phytoplankton provides oxygen for the respiration of benthic aquatic animals in the pond and the decomposition of organic matter, thus forming a virtuous ecological cycle. Due to the large number of bacillus, the formation of a dominant population in the pool can inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms and reduce the occurrence of disease.
Second, the role of Bacillus on aquaculture
1. Decarbonization function
Bacillus is rich in proteases, lipase, amylase, cellulase, dehydrogenase, decarboxylase, oxidase, etc. can strongly decompose carbon pollutants, decompose proteins and complex polysaccharides, and also play an important role in the decomposition of water-soluble organic matter.
Through the action of its enzymes, Bacillus can decompose suspended solids and sediment, thereby maintaining the balance of aquatic ecological environment. Putting Bacillus bacteria (bacterial liquid concentration ≥1010/g) into the breeding pond can reduce the COD and BOD in the water, and effectively improve the water quality and surrounding environment.
2, nitrogen removal, sulfur removal function
Excessive N and P discharge into the water body causes pond eutrophication, and it is easy to form NH4+-N and H2S that are toxic to aquatic animals in the pond, affecting the growth of animals and even death. Bacillus can use its rich enzymes to strongly decompose nitrogen and sulfur pollutants and purify aquaculture water bodies.
3. Decompose the silt
The experimental results of the application of bacillus preparation to improve the substrate show that there is no accumulation of organic carbon, and the degradation of organic carbon by Bacillus is remarkable. Total nitrogen accumulation occurred, and the difference between the treatment group and the experimental group was not significant; The carbon-nitrogen ratio shows a downward trend in the substrate.
4. Flocculation
Bacillus has a good flocculation effect, and the compound bacillus strain has a better flocculation effect than a single strain of Bacillus.
5. Nitrification
NO3- Under the action of Bacillus, NO2-, NO, N2O is reduced to N2, that is, Bacillus is an aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria, with molecular oxygen as the carrier, in the time and space when the oxygen supply is insufficient, nitrate can be used as the final electron carrier to produce NO2--N and N2, and the denitrification effect, the nitrate is removed from the system, and the pH is increased.
III. Application of Bacillus subtilis to aquaculture (Zhongbang Shui Shuang)
1, the principle of action: Bacillus can accumulate in the pond bait, feces and other organic waste, step by step degradation, and eventually decomposed into carbon dioxide, nitrate, sulfate, etc., reduce the COD, BOD in the water, give full play to the water body's own purification function, maintain the ecological balance of the excellent water environment.
2. Main functions: (1) Fast water purification, safe and efficient. This product adopts vacuum freeze drying technology, stable and easy to preserve, after being put into the aquaculture water body, it quickly multiplies into a dominant strain in multiples.
(2) Stabilize the water color. This product multiplies in large quantities at the bottom of the pond, rapidly forming a dominant population, through nutrition, site competition and secretion of antibiotic-like substances,
(3) Degrade harmful substances, maintain the balance of excellent algal phase and bacterial phase: This product can degrade a large number of algal metabolic toxins, promote the growth of excellent single-celled algae such as diatoms and green algae, and create a good breeding ecological environment.
Iv. Precautions for the use of Bacillus:
1. Bacillus can not be used on cloudy days, it is best to use at noon on sunny days. Because Bacillus will consume a large amount of dissolved oxygen in the water after the activation of the water, to avoid hypoxia.
2. Can not be used with antibacterial drugs or disinfectants.
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