Pond culture techniques for albacore basketfish

Pond culture techniques for albacore basketfish

S. canaliculatus, belonging to the order Perch, Basket fish family, basket fish genus, is an important fish in the polyculture of seawater cages in southern China, but there are fewer pond monoculture patterns. Longfin basket fish is warm water fish, breeding growth adapted to water temperature in 23 °C ~ 33 °C, is a broad salinity fish, the most suitable salinity for growth is about 20, longfin basket fish oxygen consumption is larger, the requirements for dissolved oxygen are high, can not survive in the dissolved oxygen less than 2mg / L water body, when the water dissolved oxygen is low, prone to hypoxia death, summer breeding is prone to death of the main reason is hypoxia. Longfin basketfish are prone to shock and stress response, and the breeding process should not be too large to stimulate the longfin basket fish. After several years of experiments on pond culture basket fish, our unit summarizes the breeding technology as follows.

First, the conditions of the culture pond

The aquaculture pond aquaculture water source is pollution-free, and it is possible to use the tide to take seawater or pump seawater, away from places where high decibel sounds will be polluted. Pond area in 3 acres ~ 10 acres, the average water level of the pond is not less than 1.8m, the average water level is best to reach more than 2.5m, the inlet and drainage is convenient, the slope of the pond embankment is generally less than 1:2, the central sewage pipe is set in good condition, the average power of the aerator per mu of pond reaches 1.5kW/h or more, and there is a standby generator set.

Second, prepare before releasing seedlings

The season for the release of longfin basket fish is at the end of April and the beginning of May, 10 days to 15 days before the stocking of seedlings, quicklime is used to kill miscellaneous fish and shrimp and disinfect, the specific method: clear the pond by dry method, use quicklime 60 kg to 90 kg per mu, and sprinkle the whole pond with water after hair. After 5 days of clearing the pond, the use of tidal water or pumping seawater into the pond, the water should go through a 100 mesh filter or sand filter, to prevent predators from entering the pond, the inlet water level reaches 1m ~ 1.5m or so, the introduction of beneficial algae, with chicken manure according to 50kg / mu, after fermentation with water, it is sprinkled in the whole pond in two times to fertilize the pond, cultivate water quality and cultivate algae, so that the pond transparency is less than 40cm.

3. Seedling cultivation

The fry of the cultured albacore basket fish in western Guangdong is mainly the wild basket fish fry caught in the sea area, the size of the wild albacore basket fry is generally 400 / kg ~ 600 / kg, suitable for pure oxygen transportation with live fish trucks, the weight ratio of water and fry when transporting fry is generally above 9:1, and the bottom of the nanotube is oxygenated.

The survival rate of the longfin basket fry after transportation is low, and the fry are generally not directly put into the adult pond for breeding, but are cultivated in ponds with an area of 1 mu to 5 mu for a period of time and then moved into the adult pond for breeding to ensure the accurate number of fry in the adult pond. Seedlings choose to release seedlings on sunny days with stable temperatures, the stocking density is 30,000 tails / mu ~ 40,000 tails / mu, the seedlings are required to be neat in specification, and once released, when stocking, we should pay attention to the salinity of the water body of the cultivation pond and the salinity of the original water body of the seedlings as much as possible, and the difference in salinity cannot exceed 4. On the third day after the release of seedlings, the floating water material of the seawater fish with suitable particles began to be domesticated, and the oxygenation of the seedling cultivation stage was paid attention to to ensure that the dissolved oxygen of the water body was sufficient. After about 15 days of rearing, the catch fry in the cage is moved to the adult pond, the fishing method is to place the cage in the shallow water area around the nursery pond in the evening, and the next morning the cage is collected, weighed, counted, and divided into adult pond culture, according to the pond culture conditions, the stocking density is between 6000 /mu and 12,000 fish/mu.

4. Breeding management

The next day after the adult pond is released, the domesticated food is started, and the nutrients are generally reached: crude egg white at 40.0% to 42.0%, crude fat ≥ 4.5%, crude fiber ≤ 7%, crude ash ≤ 16.0%, calcium content 1.0% to 3.5%, total phosphorus content 0.5% to 3.0%, lysine ≥ 2.0%. Feeding is given three times a day during feeding, and is artificially fed along the pond at 8:00, 12:00 and 17:00, and the feeding amount is mastered according to the feeding situation. After the basket fish is fed normally, it is then domesticated and fed with a feeder at a fixed point, and the feeding area reaches more than 100m2, and the feeding amount and feeding frequency set by the feeder make the fish feed easy, but it does not cause the feed to float on the water for a long time. Feeding twice a day, 9:00 and 17:00, the amount of feeding per day accounts for 3% to 6% of the fish's body weight, when the specification is greater than 25g / tail, generally according to the weight of 2% to 4% feeding, due to the basket fish feeding, full of food does not leave the situation, should not be fed excessively. The amount of basket fish fed is not set in stone, but is adjusted according to the weather, water quality, and fish feeding. Due to the reduction or suspension of feeding due to the weather, the feeding is stopped: heavy rain is stopped; the material is stopped during typhoons; the material is reduced on cloudy days and light rain; and the rapid heating or cooling is reduced. Due to changes in water quality, the situation of subtraction or suspension of materials include: the change in pH value in the morning and evening is less than 0.6 to stop or reduce materials; the water body has foam or odor to stop the material; and the material should be stopped in the case of pouring algae.

5. Daily management

(1) Water quality regulation

The dissolved oxygen requirement of longfin basket fish is above 5mg/L, and the water quality regulation is mainly to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen of the water body and the physical and chemical factors of the water body do not exceed the standard. The breeding period of the albacore basket fish pond is in April to November, of which July to September is a high temperature period, and the surface water temperature of the breeding pond can reach 34 °C ~ 36 °C, which is easy to cause the dissolved oxygen of the water body to be too low, the water level is best maintained at 2m ~ 3m, increase the start-up time of the aerator, so that the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water body is maintained above 5mg/L. Longfin basket fish can not tolerate sudden changes in salinity, especially in a short period of time salinity change of more than 5, easy to cause fish stress response, during the rainstorm, reduce the rainwater into the pond, one-time rainfall is too large, appropriate discharge of aquaculture pond surface water body, to maintain the stability of the salinity of aquaculture water.

The peak feeding period of basket fish pond culture is from June to October, and it is conditional to discharge or change water once every 15 days to 20 days, the amount of water exchange does not exceed 1/5 of the average water level, the inlet water is filtered by sand or 80 mesh to 100 mesh mesh, and the salinity change of the water body before and after the pond water change does not exceed 5.

Breeding in the middle and late stages of breeding capacity and feeding capacity increased, water quality is easy to deteriorate, pay attention to the regulation of pond water body ecology, every 20 days or so with quicklime according to 5kg / mu ~ 7kg / mu of the amount, after the water splash, or with povidone iodine and other mild disinfectants for water disinfection, such as the principle of disinfection with water disinfectants is not to cause basket fish stress response and more algae death, after the application of disinfectant 24h with the best introduction of good algae water source, the application of algae breeding water fertilizer, improve the water algae ecological environment, Probiotics are applied during the peak period of feeding to improve water quality.

(2) Disease prevention and control

Longfin basket fish pond culture, high temperature season is prone to enteritis disease, the disease is caused by intestinal punctate aeromonas, in the dissolved oxygen is insufficient or the water environment deteriorates when the outbreak, the main symptoms are sick fish swimming alone, the fish body is black, the anus is red and swollen, the intestinal wall is locally hyperemia, inflammation, there is no food in the intestinal cavity, there is yellow mucus in the intestine. The prevention method is mainly to regulate the water quality, maintain the breeding environment is excellent, feed fresh artificial compound feed, and control the amount of bait in the high temperature period. Treatment: During the onset of the disease, use sulfamethoxypyrimidine once a day, the dosage is fed according to 100mg/kg fish weight mixture, continuously for 5 to 8 days, and the first dose is doubled.

6. Fishing

Pond culture captures albacore basketfish by placing cages in the evening before the fish are to be sold, using cages around the shallow waters around the pond, with the mouth of the cage facing the pond. The next day, the albacore basket fish can be obtained by collecting the ground cage, and in order to ensure the catch, a large number of ground cages are placed, such as the catch of the longfin basket fish can not be sold, can be put back into the pond culture. Longfin basket fish have benthic habits, the use of dragnet fishing pond longfin basket fish on the internet rate is low, high stress mortality rate after surfing, no catch on the longfin basket fish, due to fishing caused by turbidity of the water body, the next day the pond longfin basket fish mortality rate is also particularly high, therefore, generally do not use the way of pulling the net into the fishing longfin basket fish.

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