(Author: Zhao Hui) In order to crack the origin of Chinese civilization and revive Chinese culture, the current archaeological excavations of the Sanxingdui site are being publicized by the modern media, so that the whole nation knows, and the exquisite bronzes excavated from the late Shang period excavated from the Sanxingdui site are breathtaking. At the same time as the archaeological fever of Sanxingdui is in full swing, the publicity and popularization of erlitou archaeological site research for the purpose of Xia culture research is also in full swing, adding oil and vinegar to the origin of Chinese civilization and the study of Xia culture.
The grand scale of Erlitou and Sanxingdui and the bronze artifacts excavated from Erlitou and Sanxingdui are the fundamental reasons why the archaeological community and scholars are eager to attract Erlitou and Sanxingdui and the flourishing of academic masterpieces, and provide a very important reference material and a wide academic atmosphere for promoting the fundamental solution of Xia culture research. This is the most important academic value and the greatest social value of Erlitou and Sanxingdui in archaeology.
In terms of exploring the source of Chinese civilization, Xia culture research, and archaeological China, in addition to the well-known Erlitou archaeological site and Sanxingdui archaeological site, a sifang lake ancient city site that is not recognized by the archaeological community and is forgotten and ignored by the Chinese nation is the key Chinese cultural and historical site that solves important problems such as the exploration of the source of Chinese civilization, the study of Xia culture, and archaeology of China. The ruins of the ancient city of Sifang Lake will become an epoch-making symbol of changing the current situation of Chinese archaeology and history research after Erlitou and Sanxingdui.
Although the site of Sifang Lake is still not recognized by the archaeological and historical circles, it is well known in history, archaeology, culture and literature. The name of Sifang Lake comes from the name "Sifang" in Chinese history and has become synonymous with "China"; or the concept of "China" is directly derived from the glorious image and popularization of the "Sifang" place name.
The concept of "Sifang" not only appears widely in Chinese literature, "Book of Poetry", literary works, and people's spoken language, but also often appears in bronze inscriptions excavated in the Western Zhou Dynasty, truly recording the important position of the "Sifang (Lake)" region in China's history and culture, and is the true original birthplace of Chinese culture and Chinese civilization.
The first year of the Western Zhou Republic in 841 BC was the beginning of an exact chronology in Chinese history. The Western Zhou Republican Period refers to a period after King Li of Zhou fled the capital and before King Xuan of Zhou ascended the throne, that is, from about 841 BC to 828 BC. In 841 BC, the people revolted, and King Li of Zhou fled to the post-Zhou Xuan Dynasty for fourteen years before the reign of Zhao Mugong and Zhou Dinggong, known as the Republican Regime.
Why did the year 841 B.C., when King Li of Zhou fled, become the beginning of an exact chronology in Chinese history? What are the underlying historical and cultural reasons? This is a major issue in the study of The Development of Chinese History and Culture! There is no reason in Chinese literature and history, and we can find the origin of this deep influence on the development process of Chinese history and culture in the bronzes excavated from the Zhou LiWang period.
The bronze vessels Li Wanggui, Zong Zhou Zhong and Xi Jia Pan are bronze vessels from the zhou li and zhou xuan kings. In the bronze inscriptions, important historical and cultural events in the periods of King Li of Zhou and King Xuan of Zhou are recorded respectively. After King Li of Zhou succeeded to the throne, he coveted wealth and profits, and carried out several conquests of the Huaiyi region to the outside world; the king of Inner Zhou Li was tyrannical and extravagant, and openly discussed his faults with the people, and carried out the slander of king Li, which led to a rebellion among the people, expelled king Li of Zhou, and entered the republican period in Western Zhou. After the death of King Li of Zhou, his son succeeded to the throne and began the reign of King Xuan of Zhou, and continued to use troops against the Huaiyi region. Li Wanggui, Zong Zhou Zhong and Xi Jia Pan are important cultural relics that record this period of history.
Li Wang Gui [inscription] Wang Yue: There are Yu Falcon (although) children, Yu Died (Kang) day and night, Yu (Jing Yong) the first king, with the Emperor Heaven, Reed (Zhi Yuan) heart, 墬 (Shi) in the Qi (four) fang. (Wanton) Yu 갢 (以) 뼜士 Dedicate the People, Emperor Yi Bao (쀊) Yi Bao (簋), Emperor Wen (Lie) Zu Kao with Kang Hui (朕), His Various (Geqian) Literati, His Endangered Talents (Frequent) Emperor Tingzhi Descending, Emperor Dalu Ling (命), Emperor Dalu Ling (命), (Ling) to protect my family, 밿 (朕) position, body, 阤阤降余多福, (Xian 烝) 宇慕慕遠猷, (其) Ten Thousand Years 쀌 (쀊), Shi (朕) 多릁 (御), with 걥땑 (寿), 匃永令 (命), 屪才立 (畯 reign), Under the Cha (Zuo) Qicai (in), the Falcon (Only) Wang Shi and (Have) Two Ancestors.
Zong Zhou Zhong [inscription]: Wang ShuYi (province) Wenwu, YaoQiang (觐疆) soil, south or □□ (国孳, 子) dare to use (trap) at my soil, Wang □ (Dun) felling □ (its) to, □ (fluttering) to cut krypton (厥) capital, □□ (孳, 子) Nai sent idle to rebel against the king (Zhao), Nan Corpse (Yi) East Corpse (Yi Ju) see, Twenty and Six States, Falcon (Only) Emperor God, Hundred Gods Baoyu Boy, □ (朕) 猷 and (朕有) Chengyu□ (Jing), I Falcon (Wei Si) with Emperor Tian, Wang Xiang (Zuo) Zong Zhou Bao □ (Zhong), Cangcang Shu Shu , □□□□ (雍雍), with The First King of the □□ ( Ge Pi ) Xian , the First King of □□ Cai (His Yan Zai ), the □□□□ , the Blessing of Yu Shunsun , the □ Falcon □ ( Three Shou Wei ) Li , the □□ ( Hu Qi ) Wannian , the □ ( Qi ) Bao □ or (Four Kingdoms ) .
Xi Jia Pan [Inscription] In March of the fifth year of the Falcon, both the death of Ba Gengyin, Wang Chuge fell from the beast (Yu Wu), Xi Jia from the king, folded the head of the interrogation, Hugh Died (愍), Wang Gave Xi Jia Four Horses, Four Horses, And Char, Wang Ling Jia Zheng (Zheng) Division (Zhi) into the Thursday Party Responsibility (Accumulation), As for the Nanhuai Yi, HuaiYi Old I Shu (Bribery) People, do not dare not give up their veils, their responsibilities (accumulation), their entry, their Jia, do not dare not to be the next to the city, dare not use their lives, then they are punished, and their Princes and People, the people, and the Jia, do not dare to be the city, do not dare or (have) enter the barbarian Jia, then they are also punished. Xi Boji's father made a plate, and his eyebrow life was boundless, and his children and grandchildren were used by Yongbao.
There is a bronze piece from the late Western Zhou Dynasty Zhou Li King, "Yu Zhonglu Cover" [inscription]: "Yu Zhong (Zhong) to (and) Wang Nanzheng, Va nan Huai corpse (Yi), Cai (in) Chengzhou, Zha (Zuo) Brigade, ZiLuyou (you) ten and two." It also records the historical events of King Li of Zhou's southern conquest of Huaiyi and the conquest of Southern Huaiyi.
The inscriptions of Li Wanggui, Zong Zhou Zhong, Xi Jia Pan, and Yu Zhongyi all record the relationship between the Western Zhou regime and Huaiyi and Southern Huaiyi. The "Four Parties", "Four Kingdoms", "Huaiyi", "Nanhuaiyi", "Dedication to the People", "Entering people", "Giving to the Four Parties", "Becoming a Four-Party Party", "Protecting the Four Kingdoms" in its inscriptions are the keys to our cracking of the origin of Chinese culture.
The Xijia Pan of the Zhou XuanWang period recorded that "the old Huaiyi people who were bribed (bribed) did not dare not to give up their wives, their responsibilities (accumulation), their entry into people, and their Jia, did not dare not to be in the market, dared not to use their lives, then they were punished and punished", which truly reflected the tyrannical nature and extravagant and tyrannical nature of King Zhou Li who coveted wealth and profits, and was tyrannical and extravagant and arbitrary to the people of Huaiyi and Southern Huaiyi. The "dedication of the people" in Li Wanggui is also the "entering people" in the Xijia plate, which is the huaiyi people who dedicate the skilled craftsmen in the Huaiyi area to the king of Zhou Li to meet the luxurious life needs of the king of Zhou Li; the Huaiyi people "its Jia, do not dare not be the next to the city" is for the zhou li king's demand for various life luxury goods produced in the Huaiyi area, and the "Book of Poetry" has a saying: "Huaiyi, come to offer its Chen; yuan turtle elephant teeth, big bribe Nanjin"
"The Chinese, where wisdom and wisdom dwell, where all things and wealth are gathered, where the sages teach, where benevolence and righteousness are given, where poetry and books are used, where the skills of different sensitivities are tested, where the distant places are observed, and where the barbarians are righteous" "The righteous deeds of the barbarians" From the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Zhou Dynasty's continuous eastern crusades and southern expeditions to the Huaiyi region have a fundamental correspondence with the traditional cognition of "Chinese" that Huaiyi and Nanhuaiyi have.
The ruins of the ancient city of Sifang Lake are located in Huaiyi and Nanhuaiyi, which is the "Chengzhou Sifang" located in Huaiyi and Nanhuaiyi, the nanhuaiyi city where Yin Jifu arrived in the Xijia Plate, responsible for collecting taxes in the Huaiyi area, the place where King Li of Zhou "applied to the four directions", the place where Zong Zhou Zhongzhong "dared to trap my soil" and "protect the four kingdoms", and the military administrative center of the Western Zhou army's conquest of Huaiyi and Nanhuaiyi.
The "Chengzhou Sifangji" that Yin Jifu was responsible for in the Xijia Plate obviously did not refer to the entire Chengzhou region, nor to the entire national area under the jurisdiction of the Western Zhou regime, but to the sifang lake ancient city area of Huaiyi. At least throughout the Western Zhou Dynasty, the "Four Directions" in Chinese literature, the Book of Poetry, and the Western Zhou Bronze Inscriptions all refer specifically to the ancient city of Sifang (Lake), a proper local noun, a place that collects all the characteristics of "Chinese", and a place that contributes wealth, culture, poetry, and ideas to the Western Zhou.
In the inscription of Mao Gongding, the most representative bronze of King Li of Zhou, "Ning Sifang dead mother and child, sacrifice one person to stand" vividly reflects the tyranny and extravagance of King Zhou Li. It is better to let the women and children of the Sifang (Lake) area die to sacrifice one person. If the "four sides" in Mao Gongding's inscription are understood as the whole country of the Western Zhou Dynasty, it is obviously contrary to the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty. As the orthodox King of Zhou in western Zhou, King Li of Zhou was no longer tyrannical, and he would not let all the women and children of the whole country die in the sacrifice to his ancestors and sacrifice one person. Otherwise, all the women and children in the Western Zhou Dynasty would die, and who would the Rulers of the Western Zhou Dynasty rule and administer? Obviously, "Ning Sifang Dead Mother and Child" refers to a limited, specific area that has some kind of hostile relationship with the Western Zhou regime, that is, the "Sifang (Lake)" area located in Huaiyi, Nanhuaiyi, and Nanguo.
Forced by The Obscenity of King Li of Zhou, the "Dedication of the People" and "Entering the People" to Huaiyi in the Western Zhou Dynasty The skilled craftsmen and wise men of the "unusual skills" also brought with them poetry, books, rituals, advanced culture, and advanced ideas from the Sifang (Lake) region, which led to the fundamental development of the humanities of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which eventually led to the overthrow of the brutal rule of King Li of Zhou by the "rebellion of the people of the country". The Western Zhou Dynasty thus began a 14-year republican period.
Huaiyi "sacrificed the people" and "entered the people" to the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the "wise and wise" people of Huaiyi brought advanced poetry and books from the Sifang (Lake) region, improving the cultural level of the princes and nobles of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and thus opening the beginning of the exact chronology of Chinese history in 841 BC.
In summary, in terms of exploring the source of Chinese civilization, xia culture research, archaeological Chinese research, and Chinese historical research, the ruins of the ancient city of Sifanghu in the Huaihe River are all key sites that transcend the Erlitou site and the Sanxingdui site to crack the development of Chinese history and culture; they are the landmark historical sites for reviving Chinese culture, the vast Chinese civilization, and building Chinese archaeology and history with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese style. (Author: Zhao Hui)