Multiflora ryegrass is an invasive alien species, gradually escaping as a weed in wheat field, because of its strong adaptability and reproductive ability, diverse transmission routes, rapid development of resistance and other factors, it has developed into the most difficult to control malignant weeds in wheat fields in our county, which seriously affects wheat yield, and can reduce wheat yield by more than 30% or even no harvest when it occurs severely.
The situation is happening right now
Affected by the cross-regional operation of the combine harvester, the accumulation of grass for many years, this year's wheat field multi-flowered ryegrass occurs in a wide range, the occurrence area is large, last year's continuous management has achieved very good results, after this year's sowing period closed weeding and chemical control after autumn seedlings to early spring seedlings, most of the wheat fields have been basically controlled, the overall density of multi-flowered ryegrass has been significantly reduced, but there are not in place or the spring control effect is poor. According to the recent survey of the plant protection department, there are grass fields accounting for 23.8%, the average density of 0.53 plants/㎡, due to the strong reproductive ability of multiflora ryegrass, a small amount of multiflora ryegrass can become the source of transmission and development in the region, in order to eliminate the danger and achieve the goal of sustainable governance, according to the requirements of the comprehensive prevention and control technology program of multiflora ryegrass, it is necessary to mobilize the whole people, actively carry out the artificial uprooting of multiflora ryegrass, reduce the source of transmission, and eliminate potential safety hazards. The scope of manual uprooting of ryegrass multiflora includes all current wheat fields and rape fields, and at the same time, weeds in environmental areas such as around wheat fields, roadsides, ditches, and canals should be removed to reduce the invasion of weed seeds into wheat fields.
Harm of multiflora ryegrass to wheat
Ryegrass multiflora is a common weed in wheat production, and if it is not controlled in a timely and effective manner, it will cause the following hazards to wheat:
1. Compete for nutrients and water: Multiflora ryegrass grows quickly and competes with wheat for nutrients and water, affecting the normal growth and development of wheat.
2. Plundering sunlight: Due to the high growth status of multiflora ryegrass, it will rob wheat of sunlight during growth, resulting in the weakening of wheat's photosynthesis ability, which seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat.
3. Rapid reproduction: Ryegrass multiflora has strong reproductive ability and rapid reproduction, and is easy to form grass in wheat fields, accumulating a large number of infection sources for the coming year, threatening wheat production.
Identification method
The stems of multiflora ryegrass are erect or oblique, with a ribbed surface, the leaves are long, flattened, linear or band-shaped, spike-like inflorescences spherical or ovate, and the spikelets are dense and sessile. It prefers warm and humid climates and is not tolerant of cold or heat. In the right growing environment, multiflora ryegrass grows faster.
Recommended treatment methods
Artificial: At present, wheat has entered the jointing and booting stage, and the multi-flowered ryegrass is also in the vigorous growth period of jointing, which has all been higher than the wheat, and is in the state of non-heading and seeding, timely pruning or picking multi-flowered ryegrass to prevent it from fruiting and multi-flowering ryegrass from being plucked or manually uprooted, and strive to be pulled out before the end of April, and remove the multi-flowered ryegrass in the field edge environment.
Chemical removal combination: The root system of multiflora ryegrass in the later stage is well developed and the resistance to fast-acting herbicides is strong. At this stage, herbicides containing glufosinate, glyphosate, etc. should be selected. These herbicides penetrate the roots of multifloral ryegrass through the surface of the turf and completely eliminate weeds.
Turn waste into treasure and make reasonable use
Feed utilization: multiflora ryegrass is a high-quality forage, which is rich in nutrients, rich in protein, carbohydrates and various minerals and vitamins, which can improve the feed quality and fattening effect of livestock, and can feed the artificially uprooted weeds to cattle, sheep and other animals, so as to achieve the purpose of turning waste into treasure.
Braided straw rope: ryegrass can be made into grass rope, ryegrass itself is a fine and soft herbaceous plant, similar to wheat, with developed roots, and has a high drought and cold tolerance, and can be twisted and woven into a straw rope after drying. In order to ensure the quality of the grass, fresh ryegrass needs to be dried in the air, otherwise the grass rope is easy to get wet and affect the life expectancy.
Ryegrass multiflora is seriously harmful and difficult to control, and it needs 3-5 years of comprehensive management to be cured, and at the same time, it is necessary to do a good job in the follow-up rebound work.