Editor|Xinchuangzh public account (ID: xinchuangzh)
Produced | Anton Studio
Author|Qianmo
01
Xinchuang starts from "core"
The fire of the core, the power of the fire
Under the background of changes in the international environment and the rapid development of the digital economy, the development of the information and innovation industry has become the key to digital transformation and upgrading the development of the industrial chain. Since 2018, the mainland has elevated information and innovation to the national strategy, and then entered the first year of development in 2020, and the information and innovation industry has begun to enter the stage of comprehensive outbreak and overall layout, and is accelerating towards the deep water area.
At this stage, the information and innovation industry has entered the stage of localization application, and the overall market space has exceeded one trillion. The key "foundation" of the information and innovation industry, the CPU, is the key to determining the underlying logic of information creation. CPU is the computing and control core of computer systems, as the digital foundation of the information and innovation industry and the hardware of the domestic core, it is also the link with the highest technical barriers. Looking at the world, the two giants of Intel and AMD lead the general-purpose CPU (desktop and server CPU) market; Domestically, domestic CPUs are in a critical period of catching up, with the opening of the server and terminal market of Xinchuang's "2+8+N" applications, as well as the future penetration into the civilian market, the huge market space for localization replacement is imminent.
02
Domestic CPUs are in full bloom
Market selection also depends on comprehensive strength
After decades of arduous exploration, domestic CPUs have made continuous breakthroughs in technology, performance, ecological construction and other levels, and the market has begun to take shape, with a hundred flowers blooming, presenting a diversified development pattern of architecture. The technical route of domestic CPU is to introduce foreign technology authorization and then digest and absorb, on this basis to develop and innovate independent products, currently formed three major technical routes compatible with different instruction sets and the development pattern of six mainstream manufacturers of Haiguang, Zhaoxin, Feiteng, Loongson, Shenwei, and Huawei.
Looking at the global CPU processor market, the x86 architecture occupies the first place. As the most widely used high-performance processor architecture, x86 accounts for a very high proportion in the PC, server and other markets, accounting for more than 90% of the PC market and more than 95% of the server market. Although challenged by new architecture processors such as ARM in recent years, based on its mature technology, excellent performance, and strong ecological advantages, x86's position in these fields is still unshakable.
In the domestic alternative market, large-scale use is still based on the x86 instruction set of "Wintel" alliance (Windows & intel) products, so from the comprehensive strength and experience considerations, x86-compatible domestic products are still the best choice for information and innovation in various fields.
01
Market mainstream
At present, x86 architecture processors are the absolute mainstream in the world, and the "Wintel" alliance dominates the global desktop and server market ecology. In 2023, the global CPU market share x86 will account for nearly 90%. According to IDC data, Intel and AMD X86 together have a market share of about 91%. Among the domestic chips, it is mainly Haiguang that can be perfectly compatible with x86 and achieve smooth replacement.
From the perspective of domestic substitution data, China's server shipments in 2022 will be 3.7681 million units, of which x86 servers account for 97.6%. Focusing on the server field, in 2021~2022, in the centralized procurement of PC servers by China Mobile, the overall domestic servers accounted for 41.43%, the servers using Haiguang chips accounted for 20.90%, and the servers using Kunpeng chips accounted for 20.53%; In the centralized procurement of China Telecom's servers, the overall domestic servers accounted for 26.7%, of which Haiguang accounted for 72% and Kunpeng accounted for 28%. According to IDC statistics, China's x86 server shipments continue to grow, with a compound growth rate of 8.8% from 2021 to 2025, and the domestic alternative space is considerable.
02
Ecological advantages
The international mainstream x86 architecture has a mature ecology and excellent software and hardware compatibility. The development of the past few decades has accumulated many partners and developers for this architecture, and most of the servers, hardware devices, and software systems in operation and development are based on or compatible with the x86 instruction set. Extensive software and hardware support, making it a top choice for many businesses and individuals.
In the domestic camp, chip manufacturers compatible with x86 architecture can realize the non-insensitive replacement of software and hardware without requiring users and developers to spend additional energy and financial resources on new ecological development and adaptation. At present, domestic chips and machine manufacturers compatible with x86 have been able to seamlessly replace the original software and hardware in various fields, realizing the replacement and use of a rich ecosystem.
03
User experience
In contrast, domestic x86-compatible server and PC series processors, naturally compatible with the mainstream of the market, can directly integrate, transition and switch with the vast majority of users and industry ecology, which helps industry users and individual users greatly reduce the comprehensive cost of migration, smoothly migrate existing solutions, and better ensure the consistency of user experience.
03
The rise of the domestic general-purpose chip ecosystem
Dawn is nearing
As Xinchuang moves towards the deep water area, the competition of domestic CPUs has also entered a new stage, and compatibility with mainstream architecture and ecology has been recognized as the best option for cost performance. In China, there are two manufacturers that do compatible processor development and production for the most mainstream x86 architecture, Haiguang Information and Zhaoxin Technology. At present, Haiguang has shown the top strength of domestic chips in terms of performance and ecology. Its processors are excellent in single-core, multi-core, floating-point, integer, etc., compared with similar products from Intel or AMD, and even surpassed.
Haiguang: The most powerful domestic CPU manufacturer of general-purpose type
As a representative enterprise of domestic general-purpose chips, Haiguang has completed the complete compatibility of x86 architecture, and independently realized the development and commercial application of Haiguang third-generation products, which have been widely used in important industries or fields such as telecommunications, finance, Internet, education, and transportation.
In terms of ecology, Haiguang has established cooperative relations with many hardware manufacturers such as motherboards, chassis, and storage networks at home and abroad, forming a complete hardware ecology. At the same time, Haiguang also cooperates with a number of software manufacturers such as operating systems, databases, middleware, and application software to build a comprehensive software ecosystem. In addition, Haiguang's CPUs have undergone strict quality testing and certification, and meet international standards and industry specifications, with high stability and security. Haiguang continuously improves the security level and adds security components, which can effectively prevent external interference and attacks.
04
Innovation and development, the future can be expected
The road of information and innovation is difficult and long, and the independent and controllable development path still needs to be constantly explored. In the foreseeable future, compatibility with x86 architecture will still be the main option, and domestic general-purpose chip manufacturers with better compatibility capabilities and performance will become the biggest winners in the wave of CPU localization replacement. For domestic CPUs, we are still on the road of development, and as long as we walk on the right path, we can eventually reach the far place we want to go.