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How strong was the State of Qi during the Warring States period? How to replace the hegemony of the Wei state? After reading it in one breath, the rise of the State of Qi

author:Call me Uncle Cat
Hello everyone, I am Uncle Cat, I like human history, deconstruct historical stories from a different perspective [Click to follow]

#Cultural History Analysis#The State of Qi has always been the most important vassal state in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, as the original stock of "Zhou", it is a princely state of the descendants of the "Marquis" appointed by the Zhou Dynasty, and its social status is high.

Since the Qi Huangong period, he has attached importance to industry and commerce, and has the benefit of fish salt, boiling seawater to collect taxes throughout the day. He also acted as the "world policeman", and carried out a series of diplomatic and military operations in the name of safeguarding Zhou Tianzi, pushing the international status of the Qi State to the peak for a time.

In the Warring States period, Tian He, the secretary of the State of Qi, abolished the last Jiang Qi monarch, Qi Kanggong, and officially changed the house book of Jiang Taigong's family. This is the famous "Tian Clan Dai Qi" in history, and there are also historians who use this event as the dividing line between the Spring and Autumn Warring States.

Let's tell the story of the Warring States, with Tian Qi as the main one.

How strong was the State of Qi during the Warring States period? How to replace the hegemony of the Wei state? After reading it in one breath, the rise of the State of Qi

Qi Wei King stills

Tian Qi worked hard to rule during the reign of King Qi Wei and King Xuan of Qi, and when King Qi Min reached his peak and quickly fell, and even finally became a second-rate country, what happened behind this? Is Su Qin a spy in the end? Why did Yan Guo save such a big situation? What are the games between nations?

With these questions, the story of our Warring States has officially entered the chapter of the State of Qi, and then we will use a few articles to talk about the rise and fall of Tian Qi.

Today, let's first talk about the rise of Tian Qi, mainly talking about the vertical and horizontal game of the Qi state under the reign of King Qi Wei.

After reading it patiently, I believe you will definitely gain something!

The twelve princes of Sishang

If we want to understand the state of Qi, we must first clearly explain the "twelve princes of Sishang".

The "Twelve Princes of Sura" refers to the twelve small princely states around the Surabaya River Valley during the Warring States Period, including the three thousand-multiplying countries of Song, Lu and Wei, as well as a number of hundred-by-one small states such as Xue, Teng and Ren.

How strong was the State of Qi during the Warring States period? How to replace the hegemony of the Wei state? After reading it in one breath, the rise of the State of Qi

The twelve princes of Sishang

The Huaisi area has a well-developed water network, taking Taoyi in the Song Dynasty as an example.

Friends who often watch our serialization are too familiar with Taoyi, this place has been repeatedly mentioned by us, today we will talk in detail about Taoyi why it is important!

Taoyi is located in the transportation artery of the Heji and Jishui systems, and can reach Qin and Sanjin from the west of Taoyi to the Ji River; Shun Ji water down, can reach the capital of the Qi state Linzi; East via He, Si and Huaike to the southern Wu and Chu regions.

It is precisely by virtue of its location and transportation advantages that Taoyi has become the trade center of the Warring States, and the commodity economy is very developed, and the Warring States "Little Shanghai" is well deserved.

This is also the reason why various princes and powerful countries have always coveted this place, and they can pay too many taxes to the state!

The twelve kingdoms of Sishang are all distributed around the State of Qi, is it that the State of Qi does not have the ability to annex them? Apparently not! The State of Qi was fully capable of annexing these countries.

In fact, Qi Guo wants to do so, but the current strength does not allow it.

How strong was the State of Qi during the Warring States period? How to replace the hegemony of the Wei state? After reading it in one breath, the rise of the State of Qi

Taoyi

For the State of Qi, taking the State of Song, controlling Taoyi, controlling the trade route, plus the State of Qi itself is a large industrial and commercial country, and has the benefits of fish and salt, it will be a very terrifying existence, you can compare the current US petrodollar system.

Under the general trend of land annexation in the Warring States, the long-term survival of these small countries is actually the result of the vertical and horizontal game of various countries.

The so-called "vertical cooperation" means "uniting the weak to attack the strong", which means that many weak countries unite to resist the strong countries and prevent annexation. The so-called "Lianheng" means "attacking the weak in one case", that is, the strong countries draw some weak countries to attack other weak countries in order to achieve the purpose of land annexation.

Those who join the congratulations, huddle to keep warm, and those who are even horizontal, if they can't fight, they will join, this is the way to survive in the Warring States period! No country is completely vertical or horizontal, and this is always changing according to current interests and the situation.

Therefore, before the superpower appeared, no country had the guts to swallow this piece of fat meat of Huaisi alone!

Become the new overlord of Sishang

In the early and middle Warring States period, the Wei state, which was the first to change the law, was the only one, and the Wei state, which united the three Jin Dynasties, carried out a series of expansions in the Huaisi region of the Central Plains after defeating the western Qin state, and actually controlled the control of the Sishang states.

With the development of law changes in various countries, the first-mover advantage of the Wei State gradually disappeared, and the expansion of the Wei State in the Central Plains seriously squeezed the development space of Han and Zhao!

How strong was the State of Qi during the Warring States period? How to replace the hegemony of the Wei state? After reading it in one breath, the rise of the State of Qi

Liang Huiwang

As the State of Zhao gradually became stronger, the State of Zhao began to extend his hand to the Wei Guo on Si. The expansion of the Zhao Kingdom in Si naturally angered the Wei Kingdom, what grade wanted to enjoy the same treatment as the Great Wei?

The Wei state then used this as an excuse to besiege Handan in the Zhao state to maintain its dominance in the Sishang region.

King Qi Wei weighed the pros and cons, sent troops to rescue Zhao, and the famous Battle of Guiling broke out.

The Wei army was defeated, and for a while the wall fell and everyone pushed it. At the same time, Qin Chu also went to war against Wei, and when the small countries in Sishang saw it, they also jumped back one after another, shouting the slogan "To defeat the hegemony of Great Wei".

In the face of the siege of various countries, the Wei state still attacked Zhao's capital and forced Zhao to submit. Moreover, Wei, together with the Korean army, then broke the combined forces of Qi, Song, and Wei at Xiangling.

A year later, after resting, the Wei army counterattacked the Qin State to the west, and the Qin State immediately returned An Yi to seek peace, and the strength of the Wei State was still terrifying at this time!

How strong was the State of Qi during the Warring States period? How to replace the hegemony of the Wei state? After reading it in one breath, the rise of the State of Qi

This was the first time that the State of Qi tried to change the general trend of the world, and although Gui Ling won a small victory, it ended in a crushing defeat strategically! In the end, King Liang Hui still stepped on the Qin, Zhao, and Sishang countries under his feet again!

The international situation of the Warring States changes rapidly, and the change of alliance hostility may be instantaneous.

At the meeting of Fengze, Han and Wei broke off, King Hui of Liang felled Han, and the State of Qi sent troops again! This time, the goddess of victory favored the Qi state, and the main force of the Wei army, which was too underestimated by the enemy, was completely annihilated by the Qi army at Malingdao. In this battle, King Qi Wei's reputation reached the extreme.

It must be known that the Wei state fought in the series of battles in Guiling, but it fought with the four states of Qin, Chu, Zhao and Qi at the same time and did not fall behind. This great victory of the State of Qi broke the situation that the Wei State was the only one, causing the situation in the Warring States to change drastically, and the State of Qi was about to become the new master of Sishang.

In the sixty years after the defeat of the Wei state Maling, with the decline of the Wei state's hegemony, the Warring States came to a situation of multiple powers, which was also the most active period of the Warring States.

In 341 BC, the year after the Battle of Maling, the Wei state was overwhelmed by the three kingdoms of Qin, Zhao, and Qi.

Under successive defeats, in 334 BC, King Hui of Liang heeded Xiangguo Huishi's suggestion to "use Wei and Qi Chu to press the army", and took Korea and the Twelve Kingdoms of Sishang to comprehensively fall to the State of Qi, and King Xiang of Xuzhou, completely recognizing the hegemony of the State of Qi.

How strong was the State of Qi during the Warring States period? How to replace the hegemony of the Wei state? After reading it in one breath, the rise of the State of Qi

At this moment, King Qi Wei pushed the Qi Kingdom back to the top, and he truly felt the infinite energy that burst out from the Qi State after Zou Ji changed the law.

The general trend of the world, the undercurrent is surging, if you want to wear its crown, you must bear its weight!

It's cold in high places

Qi, Wei, and Han stood together, leaving Qin, Chu, and Zhao Rumang on their backs! The State of Chu was originally also the object of the Wei State's wooing, but King Liang Hui didn't understand that the Huaisi region was controlled by the State of Qi, which was unacceptable to other powers!

In 333 BC, Marquis Su of Zhao attacked the city of Huangcheng of Wei, and King Wei of Chu attacked Xuzhou, defeating the Qi army and quickly extinguishing the newly lit fire in the heart of King Qiwei.

For the first time, King Qi Wei realized that the Huaisi region was a hot potato, and all this was actually a bureau set up by King Liang Hui.

"Changing clothes and dying Qi" was just an expedient measure of King Liang Hui, holding the State of Qi into the target of everyone, so that the State of Wei could get a respite, and ten years later, the king of Great Wei would definitely be able to return!

How strong was the State of Qi during the Warring States period? How to replace the hegemony of the Wei state? After reading it in one breath, the rise of the State of Qi

But the old fox Liang Hui Wang never expected that the Qin Kingdom, which he once looked down on, would also show endless energy after the transformation of the law.

From 332 BC to 329 BC, the Qin state carried out round after round of military strikes against the Wei state on the Hexi battlefield. In the Battle of Diaoyin, Long Jia was captured, and the 80,000 Wei troops were beheaded, and the combat effectiveness displayed by the new army of the Qin state made King Hui of Liang despair.

In this battle, the main forces of the defenders of Hexi in the Wei state were completely annihilated, and Hexi was effectively no longer under the control of the Wei state.

At this time, King Qi Wei did not give any support to this titular ally, but only watched the Wei Kingdom face the newly rising Tiger and Wolf State alone.

Why? What did King Qi Wei think? There are probably two reasons:

First, there was a problem within the Qi State at this time.

The contradictions between Xiangguo Chenghou Zou Ji and General Tian Ji became increasingly irreconcilable, and there was no story of "reconciling Xiang" like Zhao Guo, and the two even reached the point of attacking each other.

Because this is actually the resistance of the public nobles caused by the deprivation of the rights and interests of the Tian clan in the process of Zou Ji's change of law, this contradiction is irreconcilable! During this time period, King Qi Wei needed to appease the nobles who had lost their rights.

Second, King Qi Wei also did not want the Wei kingdom to be revived.

If you help the Wei State to contain the Qin State again, the Wei State that has no worries will once again threaten the status of the Qi State in Huaisi!

How strong was the State of Qi during the Warring States period? How to replace the hegemony of the Wei state? After reading it in one breath, the rise of the State of Qi

In 329 BC, Zhang Yi entered Qin, coinciding with the attack of King Wei of Chu, and Zhang Yi lobbied King Huiwen of Qin to help Wei, and Wei was able to defeat the state of Chu.

In contrast to the inaction of the Qi state, King Hui of Liang turned to Zhang Yi's strategy of Lian Heng: "I want to use the power of Qin, Han and Wei to destroy Qi and Jing." In 325 AD, King of the Three Kingdoms of Qin, Wei and Han.

The situation in which Han and Wei fell to the Qin Kingdom, King Qi Wei was actually not worried. If Qin wants to go east, he will plunder the territory of Han and Wei in Yingchuan and Hedong, and it will not be reliable to form an alliance based on short-term profits!

Sure enough, Liang Huiwang, who was eyeing Qin Guo on the one hand, was going to hook up with Qi Guo again. The supremacy of interests is the credo of this era! Under the pull of the Wei general Gongsun Yan, the Qi and Wei forces attacked Zhao and won.

The repetition of the Wei state angered the Qin state, and in 324 BC, Qin attacked Wei again and took Shaanxi as a punishment! But the combination gave Liang Huiwang a taste of sweetness.

In 323, Gongsun Yan initiated the five kingdoms of Wei, Han, Yan, Zhao, and Zhongshan to conclude a conspiracy. The main purpose of Gongsun Yanhe was to unite the Three Jin Dynasties against the three kingdoms of Qi, Qin, and Chu.

This naturally caused dissatisfaction among Qi, Qin, and Chu. King Qi Wei was more conservative, declaring that Zhongshan was a small country and wanted to unite Wei, Zhao, and Han to abolish the Zhongshan King in order to achieve the goal of dismantling the five kingdoms, but it was unsuccessful.

How strong was the State of Qi during the Warring States period? How to replace the hegemony of the Wei state? After reading it in one breath, the rise of the State of Qi

Qin and Chu were relatively simple and direct, and they beat Liang Huiwang, the initiator of the longitudinal alliance, and Liang Huiwang had no choice but to fall to the Qin state again, and was forced to appoint Zhang Yi as Wei Xiang, which was a huge victory for Zhang Yi's strategy against Gongsun Yanhe's strategy!

After Zhang Yi served as the chancellor of Qin and Wei, he continued to pursue the strategy of using the power of Qin, Han and Wei to defeat Qi.

In 320 AD, the State of Qin crossed Han and Wei and launched an attack on Qi, and the King of Qi Wei ushered in his ultimate exam!

This is the first head-to-head confrontation between the Qin State after Shang Martingale changed the law and the Qi State after Zou Ji changed the law! This was the first time that the Qin Kingdom had reached into the Huaisi region! This is the last battle in King Qiwei's life!

The two sides fought fiercely in Sancho, and the Qi general Kuangzhang used espionage tactics to take advantage of the ambivalence that the Qin army could not enter and retreat, so that the Qi army wore the Qin army armor and mixed into the Qin army to create chaos, and finally broke the Qin army.

After the war, King Qin Huiwen had no choice but to apologize to King Qi Wei as a "minister of the Western Domain"! This year, King Qi Wei also completed the last year of his life.

The State of Qi had no mountains and rivers, no vast depth, and King Qi Wei, with his foresight, crisscrossed the countries and laid a solid foundation for the State of Qi. The helmsman left his big ship, where should the Qi Kingdom go? What kind of king is King Qi Xuan, who has left many idiom allusions such as "indiscriminate filling", "yuanmu seeking fish", "walking as a car" and so on?

Listen to the Warring States story, pay attention to Uncle Cat, let's talk about it in the next issue!!!

Past is wonderful

The battle of Changping, the national game behind the battle of the peak of the Warring States, where did the State of Qin win? (Lower)

The battle of Changping, the national game behind the battle of the peak of the Warring States, where did the State of Qin win? (Top)