«——[·Preface·] ——»
With the rapid development of science and technology, people's demand for intelligent agricultural machinery is increasing. The development of artificial intelligence, sensors and other technologies has provided support for the intelligence of agricultural machinery, which has greatly improved agricultural production efficiency.
«——[·Agricultural Machinery Intelligence·] ——»
Sensors are an important part of intelligent agricultural machinery, and real-time monitoring of the environment and crop conditions of farmland is carried out by installing appropriate sensors, such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, position sensors, etc.
In the seeder, the accuracy of seed planting is ensured by installing a precise GPS navigation system and sensors, thereby enhancing planting quality and yield.
In the harvester, sensors can sense and collect the actual situation of the crop, and automatically adjust the harvester's travel speed and blade distance to optimize the harvesting effect. Sensors can also help tractors automatically adjust steering and direction, improving productivity.
Agricultural machinery can learn algorithms through machines and continuously optimize to achieve better working results. Through artificial intelligence technology, statistics on crop growth and pest and disease information provide farmers with conservation suggestions and pest prevention and control programs.
Through machine learning algorithms, the recognition ability of agricultural machinery is continuously improved, and weeds, rotten fruits, etc. can be automatically identified and removed, thereby improving operational efficiency.
With the development of driverless technology, driverless tractors and harvesters have begun to enter service. By using sensors such as lidar, driverless tractors can precisely grow and dispense medicines.
Harvesters can then complete harvesting operations without human intervention. Driverless technology can reduce the labor intensity of farmers and improve production efficiency and work quality.
With the continuous advancement of agricultural machinery intelligence, intelligent agricultural machinery will become an important part of future agricultural production. Through the application of sensing technology, machine learning algorithms and driverless technology, agricultural machinery can be more intelligent, efficient and convenient.
«——[·Optimized design of agricultural machinery.]——»
Modern agricultural machinery has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and environmental protection, and has become an essential tool for agricultural production. The optimal design of the structure, components and power system of agricultural machinery is of great significance to improve its quality and efficiency and reduce the cost of use.
The structure of agricultural machinery includes the overall structure of agricultural machinery, transmission structure, working device structure, etc. To optimize the structure of agricultural machinery, it is necessary to start from the following aspects:
Structural materials: Choosing the right material can improve the strength, rigidity and durability of agricultural machinery, such as replacing ordinary steel with high-strength steel materials.
Structural design: Through the reasonable design of the structure of agricultural machinery, agricultural machinery can be made more compact, light, easy to operate, safe and reliable, such as reducing the span, reducing the center of gravity of the whole machine, improving traction performance, etc.
Operation and maintenance: The operation and maintenance of agricultural machinery also affect the service life of agricultural machinery. Therefore, the user's usage habits should be considered in the structural design, reducing wearing parts and improving maintenance convenience.
Parts for agricultural machinery include engines, transmissions, tires, etc. These components have a great influence on the performance of the entire agricultural machine, so it is necessary to optimize the design.
Engine: The engine is the core component of agricultural machinery, and its performance directly affects the service life and efficiency of agricultural machinery. Optimizing the design of the engine can improve its fuel efficiency, emission control capabilities and power, such as the use of efficient turbocharging technology.
Transmission: Transmission is an important part of agricultural machinery, through the adjustment of transmission, can adapt to different working speeds. Optimizing the design of the transmission can reduce the fuel consumption of agricultural machinery under different working conditions and improve efficiency.
Tires: Tires are a key component of agricultural machinery interacting with the ground. Choosing the right tires can reduce the damage of agricultural machinery to the soil and improve the traction strength and load capacity, such as the use of non-pneumatic tires.
«——[Agricultural Machinery Ergonomics·] ——»
In the process of using agricultural machinery for a long time, farmers often experience physical fatigue, muscle aches and other uncomfortable symptoms, and may even cause occupational diseases and work-related injuries.
How to improve the working conditions of farmers when using agricultural machinery, improve labor productivity, and reduce the incidence of occupational diseases and injuries through ergonomic design has become the top priority of agricultural machinery ergonomic research.
Ergonomic design should fully consider the body structure and working habits of farmers.
For example, when designing the cab of a tractor, consider increasing the seat area and the height of the backrest, so that the driver's waist and neck can be better supported and maintain a normal posture, thereby reducing the driver's fatigue.
When designing planting equipment such as rice transplanters, it can reduce the actions of staff such as bending over and bending knees, and reduce the intensity of work.
For heavier equipment, hanging ergonomics are also available. For example, when designing heavy equipment such as harvesters, seats can be made of elastic bottom material and equipped with shock absorbers to make the driver more comfortable and reduce the impact of vibration on the body.
The adjustable seat design is adopted to adapt the seat to the physical needs of each driver according to the height, weight, body shape and other parameters of different drivers, so as to improve the comfort and efficiency of the driver.
For some long-term equipment, it is necessary to consider the introduction of intelligent control technology in order to realize automation functions and reduce manual intervention.
When designing the irrigation system, intelligent control technology, combined with sensors, computers and other equipment, can be used to automatically detect soil moisture, temperature and other data, automatically adjust the amount of water, nozzle height and other parameters, to achieve automatic sprinkler irrigation, while reducing manual operation, reducing work intensity and labor intensity, thereby improving work efficiency.
«——[Applicability of agricultural machinery.] ——»
The suitability of agricultural machinery is largely dependent on the region. Different soil, climate, crops and other factors will affect the applicability of agricultural machinery, and it is of great significance to compare and explore agricultural machinery in different regions to improve agricultural production efficiency.
In the case of tractors, for example, their applicability varies greatly in different regions. In the northern region, the land is vast, the crop cultivation area is large, and the demand for tractors is also very large.
The land in the northern regions is usually dry and relatively hard, suitable for the use of four-wheel drive tractors, which have strong traction and passage capacity.
And in the southern regions, due to the hot and humid climate, the soft land requires the use of crawler tractors, which have better smoothness and adaptability.
Not only that, but the applicability of the same type of agricultural machinery in different regions also varies.
For example, harvesters: wheat straw in the north is thicker and requires a harvester with stronger knives, while rice straw in the south is fine and soft, requiring a harvester with softer knives.
The use of harvesters with a throwing device in wet areas can effectively avoid the problem of wet straw when baling.
The differences in the suitability of agricultural machinery in different regions are also reflected in the types of crops.
For example, cotton is the main cash crop in the south, and the tractors and harvesters that need to be used must be able to adapt to the particularities of this crop. In the north, grains such as wheat and corn are the mainstay, and the demand for agricultural machinery is more inclined to machinery and equipment for farming and harvesting.
Agricultural machinery varies greatly from region to region, and needs to be selected and adjusted according to local climate, soil, crops and other factors. Only scientific agricultural machinery configuration and adjustment according to the actual situation can we improve agricultural production efficiency and promote agricultural modernization.
«——[·Maintenance and maintenance of agricultural machinery.】——»
Agricultural machinery is an important tool for modern agricultural production, but in the process of long-term use, mechanical equipment will inevitably appear wear, failure and other problems. Therefore, regular maintenance and maintenance is essential, not only to ensure the normal operation of machinery and equipment, but also to extend the service life.
Master the correct maintenance method, for different types of agricultural machinery, the maintenance method is different. For example, the maintenance of tractors focuses on cleaning the body, checking the liquid level, changing oil, etc., while the harvester needs to regularly clean the cooler, lubrication chain and other components.
Before carrying out agricultural machinery maintenance, it is necessary to understand the maintenance manual of machinery and equipment or consult professional technicians to ensure the correct maintenance method.
Regular maintenance is required. According to different frequency of use, the maintenance cycle of agricultural machinery is also different.
For tractors with high frequency use, maintenance and servicing is required every 100 hours or month; Low-frequency farming machines can be maintained quarterly, or semi-annually. Maintenance includes lubrication, replacement of worn parts, cleaning, etc.
In addition to regular maintenance and maintenance, there are some simple measures that can be taken to reduce maintenance and maintenance costs. Choosing high-quality engine oil and lubricating oil can improve the service life of mechanical equipment and reduce the number of maintenance; Choosing tires and tracks suitable for regional climatic conditions can reduce the frequency of wear and damage to equipment.
The storage of agricultural machinery is also very important. Mechanical equipment that has not been used for a long time needs to be treated with anti-rust and stored in a dry and ventilated place to avoid its corrosion and damage by moisture, dust, acid and alkali and other substances.
The maintenance and maintenance of agricultural machinery is very important, which can improve the efficiency and life of equipment, reduce the economic burden and repair time of farmers. With the right method and periodic maintenance, maintenance and maintenance costs can also be greatly reduced.
«——[·Environmental impact of agricultural machinery.]——»
The use of modern agricultural machinery has greatly improved the efficiency and yield of agricultural production, but it has also brought a series of environmental problems, such as noise, gas and water pollution. The environmental impact of agricultural machinery cannot be ignored, so measures need to be taken to reduce its environmental impact.
The noise generated by agricultural machinery during use is unavoidable. These noises can adversely affect surrounding residents and animals, and can even cause health problems such as hearing loss.
In order to reduce the impact of noise on the environment, noise reduction technologies can be used, such as soundproofing machinery and equipment, adding silencers, etc. At the same time, reducing the time and frequency of machinery use, especially during sensitive periods such as night and morning, also reduces the environmental impact of noise.
Agricultural machinery also emits exhaust gas and wastewater during use, damaging environmental quality. For example, the exhaust emissions of diesel tractors contain a large amount of nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, etc., causing serious pollution to the atmosphere, and the wastewater of washing machines, sprayers, etc. also contains a large number of chemicals.
In order to reduce the impact of these sewage emissions on the environment, methods such as installing oil fume purifiers and exhaust gas purifiers, and reasonably selecting pesticide and fertilizer dosages can be adopted.
The use of agricultural machinery also involves problems such as soil compaction and soil erosion, which can adversely affect the ecosystem. In order to better protect the environment, some sustainable farming techniques can be adopted.
Such as crop rotation, ploughing and other methods to reduce land compaction and loss, while appropriate use of organic fertilizers and biological control technologies to reduce the use of chemical substances, protect the ecological environment, and promote sustainable agricultural development.
«——[·Conclusion·] ——»
Agricultural machinery will have a certain impact on the environment during use, but this does not mean that we should give up its use. By taking measures to reduce its impact on the environment, we can not only improve agricultural productivity, but also protect the environment and promote sustainable agriculture.
In the future, all parties need to work together to combine the use of agricultural machinery with environmental protection in order to achieve a win-win situation of economic and environmental benefits.
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