Carbohydrates are one of the most important sources of energy for the human body and are one of the three major nutrients that make up human nutrition, the other two being protein and fat. Carbohydrates are compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, of which the carbon in carbohydrates is the basic element that constitutes organic matter.
First, the classification of carbohydrates
Carbohydrates can be divided into three types: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. Simple sugars are the simplest carbohydrates, including glucose, fructose, and galactose. Disaccharides are formed by condensation reactions between two monosaccharide molecules, including sucrose, lactose and maltose. Polysaccharides are formed by condensation reactions of multiple monosaccharide molecules, including starch, cellulose and glycogen.
Second, the role of carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are one of the nutrients necessary for the maintenance of normal physiological functions of the human body. Carbohydrates provide the energy the body needs and are one of the body's main sources of energy. In addition, carbohydrates can also promote protein synthesis, maintain the normal function of the liver and nervous system, and maintain intestinal health.
Third, carbohydrate intake
The body needs the right amount of carbohydrates to maintain normal physiological functions, but excessive carbohydrate intake can lead to obesity and other health problems. According to the World Health Organization, adults should consume 45-65% of their total energy per day.
Fourth, the source of carbohydrates
Carbohydrates can be obtained from foods, including cereals, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and sweets. Different types of carbohydrates also affect the human body differently. For example, monosaccharides and disaccharides are absorbed quickly, while polysaccharides take longer to digest and absorb, helping to maintain blood sugar stability. In addition, whole grains and fruits and vegetables are relatively low in carbohydrates, but they are rich in fiber, which helps maintain gut health.
In short, carbohydrates are one of the three major nutrients that make up human nutrition and are one of the body's most important sources of energy. Moderate carbohydrate intake is essential for maintaining the body's normal physiological functions, but excessive intake can lead to obesity and other health problems. Therefore, we should choose healthy sources of carbohydrates and control the moderate amount of intake.