Editor's note
Recently, the Central Office for Rule of Law decided to name the second batch of national demonstration areas and projects for the construction of rule of law government. The "Rule of Law Daily" focuses on the advanced practices and launches a special column for the national demonstration areas and projects for the construction of the rule of law government. Let's take a look at the second batch of national rule of law government construction demonstration projects ⬇️ in Shanghai
"1+X" is a legal guarantee system tailored by Chongming District of Shanghai in recent years for the construction of a world-class ecological island. It is understood that "1" refers to a local regulation, and "X" refers to a number of government rules and municipal normative documents, covering ecological environmental protection, industrial structure adjustment, garbage treatment and other aspects.
Chongming Island is the world's largest estuarine alluvial island and the third largest island in China, known as Shanghai's "green lung". Since the beginning of the 21st century, the construction of eco-islands has begun, and since 2016, it has taken a new step in the construction of world-class eco-islands.
Recently, a reporter from "Rule of Law Daily" came here to visit the obvious results and fresh cases of local rule of law escorting the construction of a world-class ecological island in recent years.
The rule of law leads to ecological protection
In March, water birds frolic and reeds sway. In the past 20 years, the total number of birds in Chongming Dongtan Migratory Bird Reserve has increased from 98 to 298 species, and millions of migratory birds inhabit and breed here every year, transit and winter, including 7 species of first-class key protected birds.
This is one of the achievements of Chongming's continuous increase in biodiversity conservation. In recent years, a series of rules and regulations have been implemented successively, such as the Regulations on the Management of Chongming Game Reserve, the Measures for the Management of Public Welfare Forests in Chongming District, the Implementation Opinions on the Delineation and Management of Ecological Protection Redlines in Chongming District, and the Management Measures for the Integration of Construction and Conservation of Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment in Chongming District, forming a joint force of the rule of law for ecological environmental protection.
"Illegal hunting, industrial pollution, and uneven distribution of energy structure have always plagued the construction of world-class ecological islands, and consolidating the cornerstone of ecological civilization construction with the strictest rule of law system is the only way to solve the dilemma of 'pollution first and restoration later'." The person in charge of the Chongming District Ecology and Environment Bureau said.
It is understood that in 2017, the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People's Congress specially formulated the Decision on Promoting and Guaranteeing the Construction of Chongming World-class Eco-Island. On this basis, Chongming is committed to building a "1+X" legal guarantee system, and firmly entrenches the ecological protection system from three aspects: escorting the ecological environment, ecological industry and ecological habitat.
In terms of ecological environment, the issuance of the "Chongming District 2021-2023 Three-Year Action Plan for Ecological Environmental Protection and Construction" opened the eighth round of three-year action plan for environmental protection, realizing comprehensive management and control of ecological and environmental risks, steadily improving the function of ecological space, accelerating the formation of green production and lifestyle, and building a "big environmental protection" pattern of ecological islands.
In terms of ecological industry, the Policy Opinions on Promoting the Accelerated Development of Urban Modern Green Agriculture in Chongming District guides Chongming to unswervingly take the road of high-tech, high-quality and high value-added ecological agriculture, while the Positive List of Chongming Key Development of Ecological Industries and the Negative List of Industrial Access in Chongming District adjust the industrial structure by optimizing the negative list.
In terms of ecological habitat, the Guiding Opinions on the Comprehensive Management of Rural Waste in Chongming District, the Guiding Opinions on the Development of Green Transportation in Chongming District, and the Measures for the Management of Green Buildings in Chongming District provide guidance for rural solid waste disposal, new energy public transportation development and green buildings, and the Guidelines for the Planning and Construction of Green Eco-urban Areas of Chongming World-class Eco-Island have drawn up a general blueprint for Chongming to build a world-class eco-island with a leading role in the world.
In just five years, 13 government regulations and municipal normative documents have been issued one after another, covering ecological agriculture, green transportation, industrial adjustment, wetland protection, rural waste management and other aspects.
Diversity and joint efforts to build civilization
The picture shows the ecological sheriff handling the river cage during his river patrol. Photo courtesy of Chongming Hengsha Police Station
"There's a cage at the bottom of the river!" Sun Hui, ecological police officer of the Chongming Hengsha Police Station, found an 8-meter-long abandoned cage during his river patrol in the early morning and cleaned it up in time.
In Chongming, there are 232 ecological police chiefs like him, who jointly guard 17,256 rivers with a total length of 10,600.78 kilometers through the "One Family Five Team" ecological protection linkage platform.
In addition to the ecological police chief, the Chongming District People's Procuratorate, the District Ecological Environment Bureau, and the District Water Bureau have also set up a "four-long coordination" mechanism for ecological procurator general, river chief, lake chief, and ring chief, integrating the functions of water management and water control, ecological protection, and safe production, and carrying out regular cooperation in key ecological and environmental protection areas such as illegal construction of projects and livestock and poultry breeding.
At the same time, Chongming District took advantage of the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta and took the initiative to sign joint logistics agreements with Qidong, Haimen, Taicang and other places in Jiangsu to form a joint prevention and control mechanism for ecological environmental protection in the North Yangtze River Estuary.
In addition, Chongming District has also continuously improved the effective connection between "administrative law enforcement and criminal justice". The Chongming District Procuratorate pioneered the ecological procuratorial workstation, intervened in cases of damaging the ecological environment in advance, and handled the first cross-provincial administrative public interest litigation case in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in Shanghai, creating a precedent for "risk-based" public interest litigation. The Chongming District People's Court issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Service of Judicial Protection of the Ecological Environment to Ensure the Construction of Chongming's World-class Ecological Island", and established the city's first environmental resources trial court and the first environmental resources trial judge's studio to further strengthen environmental resources trial work.
It is this series of effective measures that has effectively implemented the action of retiring and banning fishing, innovated the country's first regional purification model of "two diseases" for dairy cows, built a harmless treatment center for animals, and has been awarded the honorary titles of Advanced Collective of Marine Fishing Suspension in the Winter Season of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and National Advanced Collective of Agriculture and Rural Areas. The "1+X" rule of law guarantee system escorts the construction of a world-class ecological island, and was awarded the second batch of national rule of law government construction demonstration projects.
Brand new samples
Starting from Xijiagang to Tuanjiasha to Xinhe, in a patrol of about 100 nautical miles, Peng Haibing, the former "King of Knife Fish", and a group of college student volunteers went out to sea to observe the traces of finless porpoises and collect information for the protection of finless porpoises.
From the "saboteurs" who once had 40 or 50 fishing boats under his command to the "protectors" who worked to restore the tidal ecosystem, Peng Haibing is a microcosm of the many old fishermen in Chongming who have retreated to the shore. As early as 2005, Chongming District issued relevant system documents to include fishermen involved in small town social insurance. At the same time, fishermen can also provide land by townships and towns in accordance with the policy of building houses for farmers, and concentrate on solving fishermen's housing.
Today, some of them have entered enterprises and businesses, some have been placed in public welfare positions, and some have used their skills to change from fishing boats to fishing administration vessels, and continue to exert their residual enthusiasm. The problem of fishermen returning to the shore has been solved, and ecological industries, ecological agriculture, and eco-tourism economy have also developed under the escort of the rule of law.
With the introduction of policy documents such as the positive list of ecological industries, a large number of backward production capacities such as cotton spinning, weaving, bricks and tiles, and metal rolling have been eliminated from the island, and process production projects involving mercury, chemicals, and steel have all been shut down, providing sufficient development space for the sustainable development of Chongming's industry.
Policies such as the negative list of agricultural development and the joint punishment measures for monitoring the quality and safety of agricultural products promote the rapid development of modern new agriculture, create a "two-nil" agricultural product system, and build a "plant factory" that leads the future development of agriculture.
Under the guidance of relevant rules and regulations, Chongming District has become a national rural household waste classification demonstration area. The 10th China Flower Expo was successfully held in Chongming, and the homestay industry has realized from scattered individual development to industry-based development, and the country's first "Ecological Homestay Rating Standards" and "Chongming Ecological Homestay Rating Measures" have led to the birth of a number of five-star ecological homestays.
"In recent years, we have continued to promote the construction of an excellent rule of law government, build a solid rule of law barrier for green development, lay the foundation for the rule of law to build a high-level ecology, promote high-quality development, create a high-quality life, and achieve high-efficiency governance, and promote the rapid growth of regional economy, the continuous enhancement of ecological advantages, the steady improvement of people's livelihood and well-being, and further enhance the people's sense of gain and satisfaction." Shi Feng, secretary of the leading party group and director of the Chongming District Judicial Bureau, said.