Research on the development of Viking navigation technology in Norway in the 9th-11th centuries
The Viking period is an important period in the history of Northern Europe, but also the period of rapid development of Viking navigation technology, in the 9th-11th centuries, Norwegian Vikings after long-term navigation practice, mastered advanced navigation technology, became one of the world's best seafaring peoples at that time.
In the early 9th century, the Vikings began to engage in ocean-going sailing activities, the early navigation technology is mainly through visual navigation and the judgment of the sun position, using the climate and geographical environment of the ocean to find a route, the Vikings also invented gyroscopes, used to judge the direction, conducive to the accuracy and safety of navigation, in the middle of the 9th century, the Vikings began to use more sophisticated navigational instruments, such as sundials, compasses and cattelan rulers, among which, the application of compasses made Vikings more accurate in ocean navigation Mastering the route, the use of the Cattelan ruler increased the speed and efficiency of the Vikings' navigation and became an important part of Viking navigation technology.
In the late 10th and early 11th centuries, the Vikings' shipbuilding skills improved significantly, and they began to adopt more advanced woodworking techniques and hull designs, such as the use of angled bows and thickened bottoms, which made Viking ships one of the most advanced and durable ships in the world at that time, and became an important symbol of Viking navigation technology.
Viking navigation technology has diversified navigation technology, the initial visual navigation and star position judgment, and the later gyroscope, sundial, compass and Cattelan ruler and other instruments and other applications, so that Vikings have the ability to judge the direction and course more accurately in navigation, and constantly improve the efficiency and safety of navigation, and the Vikings have high attainments in shipbuilding technology, they use advanced wood processing technology and hull design to create large ships suitable for ocean navigation, Viking ships are characterized by bow angles, The bottom of the ship is thickened, the proportion of beam and length is reasonable, and it has good stability and adaptability, becoming one of the most advanced and durable ships in the world at that time.
The Vikings showed a brave spirit and an adventurous spirit in their voyages, they sailed a wide range, exploring northern Europe, Iceland, Greenland, North America and other regions, and constantly looking for new routes and resources in it, and this spirit of adventure and courage became an indispensable part of Viking navigation technology.
The development of Viking navigation technology is an important period in the history of Northern Europe, but also one of the important milestones in the history of navigation, in the long years of the 9th-11th centuries, Vikings continue to innovate, gradually master advanced navigation technology, become one of the world's best seafaring peoples at that time, the development of Viking navigation technology, for the development of European navigation technology provides important inspiration and reference. The practice and technological innovation of the Vikings in navigation contributed to the advancement of European navigation technology and contributed to a series of events in the history of European navigation and exploration.
The sailing activities of the Vikings have made the Nordic region more developed and explored, they explored the Nordic, Icelandic, Greenland and other regions, and found a large number of new resources and routes, promoting the economic and cultural development of these regions, the development of Viking navigation technology, but also enriched the diversity of human civilization, their navigation activities and technological innovation, promoted the progress of navigation technology in the Nordic region and Europe, and also contributed to the diversification and exchange of human civilization.
conclusion
The development of Viking navigation technology not only played an important role in the development and exploration of the Nordic region, but also contributed to the development of world navigation technology, becoming an important part of the diversity and exchange of human civilization.
bibliography
"Research on the Maritime Culture and Navigation Technology of the Vikings"
"Viking Shipbuilding Technology from a Viking Ship"
A Review of Nordic Ship Technology Research in the Viking Age
The Development of Viking Navigation and Its Impact on European Civilization
"The Development of Nordic Navigation Technology from the Perspective of Viking Navigation"
