#历史开讲 #
The Kaiyuan prosperous era was the only real prosperous era in Chinese history during the reign of Tang Ming Emperor Li Longji, why say so? Quoting Professor Ai Yuejin's three hard standards: "there are no big countries around, no strong countries around, and no invincible countries around". Only when these three criteria are met can it be regarded as a true prosperous era.
Map of the Western Han Dynasty
Let's take a look at several other so-called heels in history. For example, the rule of Wenjing of the Han Dynasty and the rule of Xianping of the Song Dynasty, this is only more accumulation in the economy than in the previous dynasty, but the diplomatic and national defense still take a defensive posture, and do not achieve the above 3 points, so it can only be ruled by the world can not be regarded as a prosperous era.
Map of the Northern Song Dynasty
Let's talk about the reign of Zhenguan before the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty:
1. The Sui and Tang dynasties, during which the war was a decrease of more than 20 million people, the end of the war, fewer people, more people, and peace of mind, which was the most important reason for the emergence of the rule of Zhenguan.
2. Sui pioneered the Grand Canal and the imperial examination, and the laborers of the Grand Canal led to the demise of Sui, but these contributed to the emergence of the rule of Zhenguan. The opening of the Grand Canal was a disadvantage at that time, and the merit was in the future.
3. After Emperor Taizong of Tang came to the throne, because he witnessed the rise and fall of the Great Sui Dynasty and the process of the collapse of the Sui Dynasty by the Peasant War, he realized the importance of the peasant class to the stability of the absolute monarchy, so he often used the Sui Emperor as a negative teaching material to warn himself and his subordinates. Draw lessons from the death of the Sui dynasty, correct the shortcomings of the previous dynasty, adjust the ruling policy, practice economy in the country, and let the people rest and recuperate, so as to ease class contradictions, stabilize social order, and restore the economy.
4. In the early stage, Li Shimin learned the lesson of the failure of Sui, just as the early Han Dynasty learned the lesson of the demise of Qin, let the people rest and recuperate, and Li Shimin himself was basically able to humbly follow the advice. However, in the late period, Li Shimin changed, no longer so humble and obedient, not allowing the people to rest and recuperate, but rejoicing in his achievements and failing to conquer Goryeo. These are the reasons why the rule of chastity is not lasting.
Therefore, the most important thing in the rule of Zhenguan is to cultivate and restore national strength. Despite this, without the "Zhenguan" dynasty of the early Tang Dynasty, it would not have been possible to have the later Kaiyuan prosperous era, or it would have been much later, or it would not have appeared at all.
All nations come to the dynasty
Reign of Renxuan during the Ming Dynasty:
The rule of Renxuan, also known as the prosperous era of Renxuan and the rule of Renxuanzhi, is a series of policies adopted by Emperor Zhu Gaoji of Mingrenzong and Zhu Zhanji of Ming Xuanzong after the Ming Dynasty, which led to a prosperous situation in the country, one of the three prosperous times in the early Ming Dynasty. In my opinion, these belong to the inheritance of the world, because it has not been long since the founding of the country, and it is more cultivation, and Zhu Di did a good job in the front, and basically whoever succeeds in the back will not be too bad.
Zhu Di
As for the nature that "Kang Qian Shengshi" understands, we will not introduce it too much.
So there is only one real prosperous era, that is, the Kaiyuan prosperous era, let's look at some data:
1. Agriculture
There are 660 million mu of arable land in the country, and the per capita is 9 mu, which is more than it is now. When the grain output was at its highest, it could reach 25 billion kilograms, and the per capita was 350 kilograms, which was worse than now, and we should be four or five hundred kilograms now.
2. Population
During the reign of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang, the population was more than 6 million, Li Longji reached more than 7 million households more than 10 years after he ascended the throne, and by the end of the Tang Dynasty, it reached more than 13 million households. There were almost more than 70 million people, and the total population of the world at that time was only 200 million. During that period of the Tang Dynasty, it accounted for about 35%.
3. Culture and politics
Emphasize the path of suppressing Buddhism, crack down on certain undesirable Buddhist forces, and improve and promote ethnic relations. Politically crack down on the wealthy people, liberate the labor force, increase the policy of benefiting the people, and reduce the burden on the people.
4. Territory
Vigorously develop border tuntian and include the three eastern provinces in the territory for the first time. It is bounded by Taiwan and the Spratly Islands in the south, the Himalayas in the southwest, the Pamirs in the west, Kazakhstan in the northwest, Lake Baikal in the north, and the Outer Khingan Mountains and Sakhalin Island in the northeast. And all the surrounding countries came to the dynasty, and the number of foreign merchants on the streets was innumerable.
High Tang Dynasty
As Du Fu wrote in his poem:
Reminiscing about the heyday of the New Year
Xiaoyi hides ten thousand family rooms
Rice is fat corn white
Both public and private warehouses are abundant
Therefore, almost all the surrounding countries regard the Tang Dynasty as the kingdom of heaven, and the beginning of the prosperous era has all kinds of hard conditions, but it is extremely prosperous and declining, and a "Anshi Rebellion" in the later period of Li Longji made the entire Tang Dynasty plummet, simply falling directly from heaven to hell. Although there was a so-called "ZTE" later, it was already the end of the strong crossbow.
Map of the High Tang Dynasty
The above is just a personal opinion, friends with different opinions are welcome to discuss and leave a message in the comment area!