Algiers is the capital of Algeria and a port city. Located in the north of Algeria, south of the northern foothills of the Taylor Atlas Mountains, between the bays of Ouaide Hala and Ouaide Mazafran, stretching for 16 kilometers along the west coast of the Gulf of Algiers on the southern coast of the Mediterranean, with a coastline of 29 kilometers. The total length of the city is 75 kilometers. Set against hilly slopes, the average altitude is 59 meters. It has a Mediterranean climate. The average temperature in January is 12°C, and in August the average temperature is 25°C. The average annual precipitation is 712 mm, mainly winter rain.
An ancient city founded in the 10th century, Algiers is now the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of the country and one of the largest ports on the Mediterranean coast. Industries mainly include food, metal processing, cement, tobacco and petroleum refining.
On December 26, 2019, it ranked 147th on the list of the top 500 global cities in 2019.
It was founded in 935 by Berbers and Arabs. It was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1526. It was occupied by France in 1830 and became the center of French North African colonial rule. It has a glorious history of fighting against colonialism. The Old Town of Algiers is called "Carsba". Kashba, originally meaning an ancient castle left on the top of a mountain. In the war against colonialism, the Kasiba district was a heroic fortress. The hills of Kashiba are full of old stone-built houses with many narrow, stone-paved alleys in between, making it a place rich in Algerian ethnicity. After 1880, it gradually developed into one of the largest seaports in Northwest Africa. During World War II, it was the temporary capital of France. Algeria became independent in 1962 and was designated as the capital.