To treat essential hypertension, these 3 Western medicines, 3 Chinese proprietary medicines, you must know:
1. Western medicine:
1. Nitrendipine:
It belongs to dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, mainly by blocking calcium channel, inhibiting calcium ion influx, thereby relaxing arteriolar smooth muscle, reducing peripheral vascular resistance and lowering blood pressure, and has strong selectivity for peripheral blood vessels; It can dilate systemic blood vessels such as coronary arteries and renal arterioles, promote water and sodium excretion, and is suitable for the treatment of essential hypertension. In addition, nitrendipine can also improve vascular endothelial cell function, reverse myocardial hypertrophy, delay the progression of atherosclerosis, and have cardiovascular protective effects.
Systolic blood pressure begins to decrease 30 minutes after oral administration of nitrendipine, diastolic blood pressure begins to decrease after 60 minutes, and the hypotensive effect is maximized in 1 to 2 hours and lasts 6 to 8 hours. Due to its fast onset and short duration of action, it can be used to treat sudden hypertension during surgery, expand renal arterioles, increase renal blood flow, and can also be used to treat hypertensive nephropathy.
In terms of safety, compared with nifedipine controlled-release tablets and amlodipine long-acting antihypertensive drugs, nitrendipine has a short half-life, fast clearance speed, short action time, large fluctuations in blood pressure, and cannot achieve 24-hour stable blood pressure reduction, headache, facial flushing, reflex rapid heart rate, palpitations and other adverse reactions have a higher incidence. For some special patients with severe coronary artery stenosis, blood pressure decreases rapidly after medication, coronary blood perfusion pressure decreases, blood flow decreases, and it is easier to induce angina pectoris or myocardial infarction.
2. Valsartan:
It belongs to angiotensin II receptor antagonists, mainly by antagonizing angiotensin II receptors, dilating arteries and venous vessels, reducing aldosterone release, promoting water and sodium excretion, exerting antihypertensive effect, lowering blood pressure without affecting heart rate, antihypertensive effect can be maintained for more than 24 hours, in addition, valsartan can also reverse left ventricular hypertrophy, anti-atherosclerosis, inhibit vascular fibrosis, has a clear cardiovascular protective effect, and can inhibit urinary protein excretion, protect the kidneys, improve the body's sensitivity to insulin, improve glucose metabolism, It is the first-line agent for the initial and maintenance treatment of hypertensive patients, particularly in hypertensive patients with obesity, coronary heart disease, cardiac insufficiency, diabetic nephropathy, proteinuria or microproteinuria, and left ventricular hypertrophy.
In terms of safety, valsartan has few drug-related adverse reactions, headache and dizziness are common. Cough, diarrhea, fatigue, rhinitis, back pain, nausea, pharyngitis, viral infection, upper respiratory tract infection, and joint pain are rare. Rarely, hemoglobin and hematocrit decrease, and the incidence of neutropenia is 1.8%.
3. Nebivolol:
The third-generation, long-acting, highly selective β receptor blocker, currently the most specific β1 receptor blocker, its specificity for β1 receptor is more than 300 times that of β2 receptor, can enhance the release of nitric oxide by stimulating β3 receptor, produce peripheral vasodilation, thereby reducing blood pressure. In addition, there is evidence that nebivolol has an antioxidant effect, perhaps one of the mechanisms of its vasodilation mechanism. Compared with traditional β blockers such as metoprolol, atenolol, and bisoprolol, nebivolol has the advantages of fewer adverse reactions, does not affect blood glucose, blood lipid metabolism, etc., and can also reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events.
In terms of safety, nebivolol is well tolerated, the main adverse reactions are headache, fatigue, dyspnea, paresthesia, dizziness, diarrhea and nausea, bradycardia, hypotension, erectile dysfunction and other adverse reactions have a low incidence of adverse reactions, have little impact on the patient's exercise capacity, and do not affect blood glucose and LDL cholesterol metabolism. Although nebivolol has high fat solubility, there are no obvious central nervous system adverse reactions, such as lethargy, depression, insomnia, dream magic, hallucinations, etc. Adverse reactions are mostly transient, and there is generally no need to stop the drug.
2. Proprietary Chinese Medicine:
1. Brain Tablets:
The group consists of Astragalus, Codonopsis, He Shou Wu, Ganoderma lucidum, Privet, Lotus Grass, Mulberry Parasitism, Tianma, Hook Vine, Danshen, Red Peony, Earth Dragon, Hawthorn, Amber, Malt. Fang Zhong burns astragalus and party ginseng to strengthen the spleen, stagnation and activate blood, promote blood circulation, and are common medicine. He Shou Wu nourishes the liver and kidneys, fills the lean brain; Ganoderma lucidum nourishes blood and calms the mind; Danshen, red peony, earth dragon, hawthorn activate blood circulation, dissolve turbidity and lower lipids, and are all medicines. Privet, dry lotus grass, mulberry parasitism nourishes the liver and kidneys, flattens the liver and latent yang, tianma, hook vine calms the liver and calms the wind, amber calms the mind, malt strengthens the spleen and dissipates food, and promotes qi and appetizing, which are all adjuvants. The combination of various medicines plays the function of invigorating qi and tonifying the kidney, activating the blood and circulation.
Clinically, Yi Brain Ning tablets are used to treat vertigo caused by liver and kidney insufficiency, qi deficiency and blood stasis, symptoms include vertigo, tinnitus, upset and less sleep, palpitations and forgetfulness, waist and knee soreness, fatigue, and purple tongue; High blood pressure is seen in the above symptoms.
2. Heart pulse piece:
The group is angelica, danshen, Mao holly, ox knee, Panax notoginseng, and cassia
Seed, hook vine, summer subtilis, locust flower, kudzu. Fang Zhong angelica is bittersweet and warm, nourishes blood and revitalizes blood, dispels stasis and circulation, and is a monarch medicine. Danshen, Mao Holly, Ox Knee, Panax notoginseng can activate blood and dispel stasis, relieve pain through menstruation, and are all medicines. Cassia seed, hook vine, summer hay, locust flower can clear liver heat, calm liver latent yang, clear the leader, kudzu soothe the head, channel and relieve pain, and are used as adjuvants. The combination of various medicines plays the function of activating blood circulation and removing stasis, calming the liver and channeling the pulse.
Clinically, cardiac pulse tablets are used to treat headache caused by emotional failure, qi depression and blood stasis, liver depression and yang, blood stasis and obstruction, and suppression of Qingyang, symptoms include headache, dizziness, chest tightness, irritability, Xiang Qiang, limb numbness, dry mouth, red tongue, pulse chords; Essential hypertension is seen in the above symptoms.
3. Pulse Capsule:
The group consists of leeches, flies, peach kernels, and rhubarb. Fang Zhong leech tastes salty and bloody, good at breaking blood stasis, activating the meridians, soft and firm and dispersing, and is a monarch medicine. The fly flavor can be opened, and its stasis breaks through the meridians, and the power is great, and the leech must be used as a medicine. Peach kernels and rhubarb can break blood stasis, channel meridians, and help Jun and Chen drugs to break blood stasis, as adjuvants. The combination of various medicines plays the effect of breaking blood stasis and activating the meridians.
Clinically, Qianyi Tongmai capsule is used to treat dizziness and headache caused by blood stasis, symptoms include dizziness, headache, tinnitus, dark tongue, and dull pulse; Primary hypertension, cerebral infarction, cerebral arteriosclerosis see the above symptoms. #如何做健康老年人 #
