#大有学问 #
The Czech Republic, located in central Europe, covers an area of 78,900 square kilometers and is administratively divided into 13 oblasts and 1 metropolitan municipality. In 2021, the population was 10.51 million, with the majority ethnic group Czechs accounting for about 89%, Moravians 3.3%, and Slovaks about 0.9%. With 11.7% of the inhabitants being Catholic, and 56.9% of the inhabitants have no religion, it is one of the few countries in Europe where the majority of the population has no religion. The official language is Czech, which belongs to the West Slavic branch of the Slavic language family, and the languages belonging to the same branch are Slovak, Polish, Pomeranian, Sorbian and Silesian. The Czech Republic is slightly smaller in size than the mainland city of Chongqing, with a population of about one-third of the mainland city of Chongqing.
(1) The name of the Czech Republic has nothing to do with Jack
The English name of the Czech Republic is not the imaginary Jack, but the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic cannot be abbreviated to Czech, Czech is an adjective that means Czech, Czech, equivalent to Chinese, Japanese, English. Because the country name is too long and it is very inconvenient to use the abbreviation in the case of shortfall, the Czech Republic once proposed to change the abbreviation of the country name to Czechia, but it was not approved by everyone, but in sports, business and many other occasions, Czechia is generally used as the Czech abbreviation. The name of the Czech state comes from the name "Čechy" of the first Slavic tribes to migrate here, who founded the first state of the West Slavs, the Duchy of Satsuma, in 623, which was also the first Slavic state in history.
(2) Young country with a long history
The Czech Republic is a young country, separated from Slovakia in 1992, only 30 years ago, but the Czech Republic has a long history. The history of the Czech state dates back to the founding of the Czech principality in 929, which is also considered the year of the founding of the Czech Republic. In 950, the Holy Roman Empire occupied the Czech principality. In 1086, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV granted the title of King of Bohemia to Prince Vladisov II of the Czech Republic, and the Czech principality was renamed the Kingdom of Bohemia, which is the Latin and Germanic name for the Czech Republic. Later, the Kingdom of Bohemia became the most powerful kingdom in the Holy Roman Empire, and the King of Bohemia became one of the electors of the Holy Roman Empire, which became the most glorious period in Czech history. In 1620, Bohemia fell and became a province of Austria. In 1867, Austria-Hungary was founded and the Czech Republic became part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. After World War I, the Austro-Hungarian Empire dissolved and the Czech Republic and Slovakia united to form the Czechoslovak Republic, which remained until its dissolution in 1992.
(3) The country of the West Slavs
The Czech Republic is one of the 13 Slavic states and one of the 3 West Slavic states. The Czech majority ethnic group Czechs are direct descendants of the West Slavs, with the same roots as Poles and Slovaks. Slavic countries are rich in beautiful women, tall, fair-skinned, blonde, angular and beautiful women. For a long time, the Czech Republic belonged to the Holy Roman Empire, was Germanized, converted to Catholicism and learned German, and was clearly distinguished from the Eastern Slavs and Yugoslavs.
(4) Three traditional regions
The Czechs are divided into three branches from the point of view of historical development: the Bohemian branch accounts for 89% of the total population, the Moravian branch accounts for 3.3% of the total population, and the Silesian branch accounts for 0.1% of the total population. The regions in which each branch lived evolved into three traditional Czech regions – Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. Bohemia covers an area of 52,000 square kilometers, accounting for 66.0% of the total area of the Czech Republic; Moravia covers an area of 22,000 square kilometers, accounting for 28.3% of the total area of the Czech Republic; Silesia covers an area of 4,459 square kilometers, which is 5.7% of the total area of the Czech Republic. The Czech coat of arms also graphically reveals its historical origins: the two-tailed lion on the upper left and lower right represents Bohemia, the eagle with a checkered pattern on the upper right represents Moravia, and the black eagle on the lower left represents Silesia.
(5) The birthplace of bohemian winds
Bohemia covers two-thirds of the western part of the Czech Republic and is one of the core of Czech national culture. In historical documents and fashion, Bohemia also often refers to the entire Czech Republic, including Moravia and Silesia. Bohemia is historically a multi-ethnic region that was once home to gypsies. Bohemians who sought freedom formed their own philosophy of life during their journey to the end of the world. Today's bohemia not only symbolizes fashionable clothing with tassels, pleats and oversized skirts, but also becomes synonymous with freedom and enthusiasm.
(6) The origin of Children's Day
Children's Day is the holiday and happiest day for children all over the world, but for Czechs, Children's Day is a tragic day. On 10 June 1942, the Nazis shot dead 173 men over the age of 15 and poisoned 87 children in the Czech village of Lidice. In memory of the Lidice tragedy and all the children who died in war around the world, the International Federation of Women for Democracy designated 1 June as International Children's Day.
(7) The most beautiful city in Europe
Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic and the historical Holy Roman Empire and Kingdom of Bohemia, was the first city in the world to be designated as a World Heritage Site, and buildings of all historical periods and styles can be seen everywhere. From Romanesque, Gothic architecture, Baroque, Neoclassicism to Ultramodernism, Prague has it all. The exquisite St. Vitus Cathedral, the ancient Charles Bridge, the beautiful Prague Square and the beautiful music in Prague are perfectly integrated into one. Nietzsche said Prague was "mysterious", Goethe called Prague "the crown jewel of Bohemia and the most beautiful city in Europe", and Kafka said that "Prague is like a mother with claws, wherever she goes, she will eventually be pulled back into her arms." "If Prague is the most famous city in Europe, some people may say it is not as good as London and Paris. If Prague is one of the most famous cities in Europe, no one should object. Prague is the Prague of Charles IV, Prague is Kafka's Poland, Prague is Havel's Prague, Prague is Prague of 100,000 Prague citizens.
(8) Ivanka's name is Czech
Trump's daughter Ivanka is named Czech, and Ivanka's mother, Ivana, is Czech. Ivanka is actually a nickname for Ivana in Czech, and Ivanka's real name is Ivana, the same name as her mother. Ivanka is proud of her Czech roots, spending summer holidays in the Czech Republic with her grandmother, and she once said she grew up watching Czech cartoons. Ivanka is not only beautiful, but also very brainy, has her own company, and is also a rich second generation. With Ivanka's popularity, he may be able to participate in the US presidential election in the future.
(9) Beer Kingdom
China is a major beer producer and consumer, consuming a total of 36.088 billion liters of beer in 2020, accounting for 20.3% of the world's consumption, but the per capita beer consumption is only 29 liters, ranking about 40th in the world. The Czech Republic is not only a major producer, but also the country with the largest per capita consumption of beer, with 181.7 liters of beer per capita in the Czech Republic in 2020, twice the per capita consumption of Germany and six times the per capita consumption of Chinese. Beer culture has been integrated into Czech culture as a whole, Czechs can skip meals, but absolutely not drink.
The history of beer drinking in Bohemia can be traced back to 859 BC, the earliest history of beer exports can be traced back to 903, and the world's first book on beer brewing technology was born in the Czech Republic in the 19th century. Budějovice is the capital of the Czech state of South Bohemia and a beer city. The name "Budějovice" is very mouthful, many people do not feel this name, its German name is Budweis, translated as "Budweiser", I believe many people will think of Budweiser. That's right, Budějovice is the birthplace of Budweiser. American Budweiser beer is actually a trademark registered by beer manufacturer Anheuser-Busch in the United States, and the Czech Budweiser and Anheuser-Busch have also fought a century-long lawsuit.
(10) Small countries and large industries
The Czech Republic is rich in lignite, hard coal and uranium resources, and the reserves of lignite and hard coal rank third in the world and fifth in Europe, and other resources are basically imported. The Czech machinery manufacturing, electronics, automotive, metallurgy, energy, chemical and pharmaceutical industries have a strong foundation, contact lenses, water turbines, airflow spinning machines, lightning rods, propellers, etc. were all invented by the Czechs. The Czech Republic is one of the few countries that can produce high-quality aero engines, and Motolet Aero Engines is now a subsidiary of GE Aviation. The Vella passive radar system, developed by the Czech Republic in 2000, can even detect American F-117 stealth attack aircraft. Founded in 1895, Skoda is a German car brand owned by Volkswagen and one of the four oldest car manufacturers in the world, but its headquarters and factory are not in Germany, but in Mlada-Boleslav, Czech Republic.
The Czech Republic is a high-income country with a GDP per capita of $24,000 in 2021. In the Human Development Report 2020 published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Czech Republic ranked 27th out of 189 countries (85th in Chinese mainland); In the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report 2019, the Czech Republic ranked 32nd out of 141 countries (28th Chinese mainland); In the Global Happiness Report 2023, published by the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN), the Czech Republic ranked 18th out of 137 countries (64th in Chinese mainland). In the Henley & Partners Henley Passport Index for the first quarter of 2022, 186 out of 227 travel destinations are visa-free for the Czech Republic, and the Czech Republic ranks 17th among 199 countries (Chinese mainland 80 visa-free travel destinations, ranking 112th).
There is much more to it about the Czech Republic, and this article has only selected ten. If you think there are other content that is more representative, please leave a message and let us know.
Reference books: "The Czech Republic", "Historical Aspects: The Holy Roman Empire", "Six Countries in the Cracks: History of Central and Eastern Europe since the Vienna Conference", etc.
#What kind of country is the Czech Republic##The Speaker of the Czech Parliament will lead a delegation of 150 people to visit Taipei##伊万卡 #
【Extended Reading】
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National Fun Talk 20: Slavic Migration Map - The Historical Entanglement of Slavic Countries
Country Fun Fact 21: Map of Slavic Countries - 13 Slavic countries, generally rich in beautiful women
In the 2023 Global Happiness Report released by the United Nations, Finland topped the list and Chinese mainland ranked 64th