Camels, belonging to the camel family, were domesticated by humans in 3000 BC as draft animals for pack and ride, and were the only means of transportation in the desert.
The Mongols living in the desert Gobi were the first people to tame and use camels. On June 7, 2008, the Mongolian custom of raising camels was approved by the State Council to be included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list, the main content of which is divided into two parts: folk activities and camel tool making. Camel gear production is mainly divided into rope and saddle.
To use camels, they need to have the corresponding camel gear. Camel tools are different from other animal tools, are unique, and the production of camel tools fully reflects the wisdom and talent of ethnic minority workers in Northwest China. Camel tools are mostly made of local materials, such as fur, red willow, handmade felt, cow and sheep horns, etc.
In Beijing at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Dynasty, there were many camel farmers, mostly used to carry coal or transport other things. Camels have felt on their backs to make "drawers" (similar to saddle). Drawers are divided into four types, sweat drawers, inner drawers, outer drawers, and large drawers. The sweat drawer is placed between the humps, wrapped around the front and back two humps, then wrapped in the inner and outer drawers, and finally the whole hood is covered with a large drawer, and then tightened with a rope belly pocket.
Camel packs are made of coarse hemp rope woven into large pockets with small openings and ropes on the buckles that can be fastened. After loading, cover the bag with a piece of cloth and tie the rope tightly. This special pocket does not slip on the camel. Two pockets crossed diagonally between two humps, weighing four or five hundred pounds. The pocket has a small head in the front and a large head in the back. This is so because the hind limbs of camels are stronger than their forelimbs and can withstand heavier cargo.
When putting a pocket on the camel's back, the owner uttered the password "Thi (Mongolian, meaning sitting), Thi" in his mouth, and the camel knelt on its front legs first, squatted on its hind legs, and lay down on the spot. When he gets up, the owner pulls the reins or kicks the camel's buttocks with his foot, and makes a sound of "恘 (Mongolian, meaning to get up), 恘" in his mouth, and the camel first stands up on its hind legs, then straightens its front legs and stands up.
Tethered camels also use reins, but instead of chewing with a cage like horses, they wear a pierced nose. When the man rides, he pulls the reins, presses the camel's neck, kneels on the neck with his legs, clasps the drawer with his hands, and can go up with a push.
In addition to the drawer, the camel has another artifact, the camel bell. Camel ringtones are important information for the owner to tell if a camel is missing. The camel bell is different in every household, and outsiders can hardly hear the difference, but when their family hears it, they know if it is their own camel.
In general, generally camels only have a small bell tied to the neck of the last camel, generally iron, and the copper bell is a little more particular, and it is also locked with iron chains, for fear that someone will steal it. Most camels get up in the middle of the night, and they only rely on listening to bells when it is dark. If the bell is gone, you have to hurry to find the camel.
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