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Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it

author:Qingjiang crane

#Spring plowing is carried out#Sage koji grass, also known as "Qingming vegetables", "Buddha ear vegetables", "Buddha ear grass", "rat ear grass", "cotton threadhead grass" and "yellow flower wormwood", is a very common and ordinary weed in rice fields. In the eyes of farmers, it is not too "eye-catching".

Image: Sage koji known as Qingming cuisine

Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it
Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it

Because its fecundity and harmfulness compared with other malignant weeds, such as dragon dragon, triangular grass, barnyard grass, sedge, etc., the harm of rat koji to crops can be "tolerated" or "ignored". So many people don't know this weed.

In this issue, Qingjiang Crane will focus on and chat with all the relatives and teachers about the topic of weeds in farmland, I hope you like it, and actively participate in the interaction in the comment area below to share your different views.

Known as Qingming cuisine, it is a proper paddy weed in many rice fields:

Qingming cai, also known as rat koji grass, is an annual herb in the tubular flower subfamily of the Asteraceae family.

Image: Sage koji plant and flower buds

Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it
Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it

Speaking of Asteraceae herbs, there are more than 2,000 species nationwide, which are distributed everywhere. The commonality is single-leaf alternate, a few pairs or alternate, without peduncles, with a total bract of the cephalic inflorescence polymedicated stamens.

The most representative weeds of the Asteraceae family mainly include small thistle (also known as prickly vegetables, dioecious plants, leaf edges with thorny shallow cracked teeth), mountain bitter wattle (also known as bitter vegetables, the whole plant has milk, so some places are called "milk milk vegetables"), cang's ear (also known as old cangzi, the leaves are large and broad, the leaf edges have missing or irregular serrations), snakehead intestine (also known as dry grass, ink grass, stem erect creeping, multi-branched at the base, lower lodging, knotty rooting) and so on.

For these common goldenrod weeds, they are often seen by farmers, so the neighbors basically know and are familiar with their biological characteristics. For sage koji grass, it is in a "situation" of "no dispute", "harmonious symbiosis" with various crops, and good at "hiding", so when mentioning goldenrod weeds, few people will mention sage.

Image: A cake made with sage koji mixed with rice flour

Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it
Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it

The height of the plant is 10cm~40cm, and the flowering period is February ~ April. Relatively hardy. Therefore, in this season, if you go to the edge of the rice field, you may see the koji grass in the "flower".

Due to the different growth and development environment and climatic characteristics in different places, there are many varieties of sage koji grass alone.

For example, broad-leaf rat koji grass, golden-headed rat koji grass, autumn rat koji grass, silk cotton grass and so on.

Basic biological characteristics of Qingming roeki grass:

The height of rat koji grass in the field is 10cm~40cm, and it prefers phosphorus among nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Therefore, when the phosphorus in the soil is sufficient, the koji grass grows particularly luxuriant.

The stem of the koji is erect and the upper part of the basal branch is unbranched. It has grooves and is covered with thick white hairs throughout. The leaves are sessile spoon-shaped inverted-lanceolate. The base tapes slightly downwards with a spiny tip at the apex and white cotton hairs on both sides. Therefore, the appearance of the plant morphology looks very similar to "wheat blue vegetables" (also known as Wang Buliuxing).

Image: Rhammad grass field plant

Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it
Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it

The flowering period is long, from February to April, March is the main flowering period, and in some places the flowering period is around Qingming (about April 4 ~ 6). The flowers are yellow to pale yellow, shiny.

It grows in warm and humid altitude of 600~3750m, the annual average temperature is 11 °C ~ 25 °C, the annual precipitation is 600 mm ~ 1700 mm, sunny sandy loam, clay, slightly acidic soil and slightly alkaline soil.

For example, mudflats, barren slopes, roadsides, fields, forests, and even mountains are scattered sporadically, and it is difficult to form "dominant communities."

"Qingming cuisine" is first derived from the sacrifice of the "Shangmi Festival":

The consumption of Qingming rat koji grass originated from the southern "March Festival" (also known as Shangji Festival), that is, on the third day of March every year, people use rat koji grass to cook rice with glutinous rice, which is a very good festival food. In addition, sage koji grass is mixed with rice flour and other substances to make "Qingming fruit" seeds to worship ancestors.

Image: Flower buds in a field of rat koji

Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it
Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it

In Takayama or Ertakayama, koji grass blooms around the Qingming Festival. Qingming Festival is coming, and this rat koji grass can be found in the rice fields on the general hillside. It's just that the koji grass on the hillside has less water and good toughness, while the rat koji grass in the field, especially in the rice field, has enough water, so it is more tender. Its yellow flowers are particularly "eye-catching" and eye-catching.

"Qingming cuisine" used to be a salvage herb and a "ration dish" in people's minds:

Qingming rat koji grass can be eaten. As mentioned above, on the day of the March festival, people cook sage koji grass and glutinous rice, which is an important traditional festival food.

In fact, in the extremely difficult times of life, rat koji grass is the "ration dish" in people's minds.

In the Qing Dynasty literati Gu Jingxing's "Wild Vegetable Zan", it was mentioned that the Qingming vegetable rat koji grass was mentioned. "On the third day of March, the leaves are like rat ears, and the rice is pounded into cakes. Northerners eat cold. ”

Image: Artificially picked sage

Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it
Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it

That is to say, in the Qing Dynasty, in the Central Plains land in the north and south, people already knew about this rat koji grass, and in fresh food, the way to eat it was to use rat koji grass and rice mashed pulp to make food cakes. For now, "foodies" who like wild vegetables are still delicious. However, this way of eating fresh food mashing cakes was "disappeared" by the northern "nomads" during the Song Dynasty.

However, in many places in the south, the habit (custom) of eating koji grass is still maintained.

For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Pi Rixiu wrote in his verse the verse "Pick the ox lip liquid at first glance, pinch and smell the rat's ear fragrance". The "rat ear" in the verse refers to this "rat ear grass", that is, rat koji grass, rat koji grass.

In a collection of notes on recording the story of the wind and clouds during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, "Jing Chu Shiji", there is a record of fresh rat ear vegetables (rat koji grass).

The text says: "On the third day of the first month of March, take the juice of rat koji as a soup, with honey and powder, called dragon tongue, to get tired of the times."

Image: A delicacy made with sage

Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it
Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it

In the essay collection "Endless Green" (author Lotte and editor Wen Li), there is a detailed introduction to the gourmet making of rat ear dishes. "Tea picking and silkworm raising, lotus city, West Lake Xiang city, Qingming fruit rice rice, plum sauce osmanthus sugar." From the seasons to the terroir, from the plants to the food, after reading it, I felt that it said much more than the wind... ”

The medicinal value of "Qingming cuisine" rat koji grass:

Qingming rookie koji grass is both a weed and a "ration dish," and it is also a rare "healing wound," "cough and expectorant," and "antihypertensive medicine."

Just because the sage koji contains flavonoids rutin and boriocetin, it can reduce inflammation and cure ulcers. Eating sage koji grass with glutinous rice has a certain dietary therapeutic effect on symptoms such as spleen and stomach weakness, indigestion and lung booing and cough.

Image: Young sage sage grass in the field

Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it
Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it

Field chemical control of "Qingming cuisine" rat koji grass:

Qingming roeki grass because of its plant surface has "villi" and wax, for the "stress resistance" of various herbicides is very strong, therefore, many herbicides are used to control field weeds Qingming roeki grass, the effect is very poor.

In the field chemical control of rat koji grass, you can use 41% glyphosate isopropylamine saline agent 200 ml per mu + silicone additives per barrel of water 10g, or 25% amclopyridinic acid water agent 90 ml ~ 100 ml per mu, or 20% chlorofluoropyroxyacetic acid emulsion 80 ml ~ 100 ml per mu, or 48% trichloropyroxyacetic acid emulsion 120 ml ~ 240 ml per mu with water stem and leaves.

Conclusion: This paper mainly shares the basic biological characteristics of Qingming roek grass and its medicinal value. The basic methods of chemical weed control in the field were shared. It can be used as a technical reference for weed control in the field.

Image: A delicacy made with sage

Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it
Known as Qingming cuisine, it is an important holiday food ingredient, why many people have not eaten it

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