On January 18, the Information Office of the State Council held a press conference to introduce the operation of the agricultural and rural economy in 2022. Zeng Yande, Chief Agronomist and Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pan Wenbo, Director of the Department of Plantation Management of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Liu Han, Head of the Department of Market and Information Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Xu Jianmin, Director of the Comprehensive Department of the National Rural Revitalization Administration, attended the press conference and answered questions from the media. Shou Xiaoli, deputy director of the Information Bureau of the State Council Information Office and spokesperson of the State Council, presided over the press conference.
At the press conference, Zeng Yande, chief agronomist and director of the Department of Development Planning of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, introduced the operation of the agricultural and rural economy in 2022.
Zeng Yande, Chief Agronomist and Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs——
2022 has been an extraordinary year. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the National Rural Revitalization Administration conscientiously implemented the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speeches and important instructions and instructions, implemented the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, effectively responded to the new crown epidemic and serious natural disasters, went all out to ensure supply, overcome difficulties and guarded the bottom line, cohesively promoted revitalization, and fully completed the annual goals and tasks, providing a solid foundation and strong support for the overall economic and social stability.
First, grain production has regained a bumper harvest, and the foundation for security of supply continues to be solid.
Food production is at a record high. The sown area of grain was 1.775 billion mu, an increase of 10.52 million mu over the previous year, and the output was 1.3731 billion jin, an increase of 7.4 billion jin, remaining above 1.3 trillion jin for eight consecutive years. The expansion of soybean oil seeds has achieved remarkable results. The soybean area was 154 million mu, an increase of 27.43 million mu over the previous year and the highest number since 1958. The output was 20.28 million tons, an increase of 3.89 million tons. The area of rapeseed reached 109 million mu, an increase of nearly 4 million mu, and the total output of oil crops was 36.53 million tons, an increase of 1.1% over the previous year. Due to the increase in supply and consumption savings, the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil increased by 1.6 percentage points. Stable development of pig production. At the end of 2022, the national breeding sow inventory was slightly higher than the upper limit of green and reasonable areas for capacity regulation. The annual pork output was 55.41 million tons, an increase of 4.6% over the previous year. At the same time, the production of beef, sheep and poultry meat, milk and aquatic products has increased in an all-round way, and the supply of vegetables and fruits is sufficient and stable.
Second, the driving force of industrial employment has been strengthened, and the achievements in poverty alleviation have been continuously consolidated.
Monitoring assistance has been further optimized. More than 65% of the monitored targets eliminated the risk of falling back into poverty, and the rest have also implemented assistance measures. The effect of industrial belt agriculture is obvious. The proportion of subsidy funds used by the central government to promote rural revitalization is more than 55% for industrial development, and each poverty alleviation county has cultivated 2-3 characteristic leading industries, and nearly 3/4 of the poverty alleviation population has established a close interest relationship with new business entities. Migrant workers remained stable. The annual employment scale of the poverty alleviation labor force was 32.78 million, exceeding the annual target of 2.59 million.
Third, science and technology and equipment support is strong, and the construction of modern agriculture continues to advance.
The revitalization of the seed industry has been further promoted. The census of agricultural germplasm resources has been basically completed, and 120,000 copies of agricultural germplasm resources have been newly collected, 330,000 copies of livestock and poultry germplasm resources have been collected and produced and 78,000 pieces of aquatic germplasm resources have been collected. The research of key core technologies in agriculture has been carried out in an orderly manner, major agricultural biological breeding projects have been launched, and the pilot project of industrial application of transgenic corn and soybeans has progressed smoothly. Cultivated land protection is vigorously promoted. The annual construction task of 100 million mu of high-standard farmland was exceeded, and the cumulative construction target of 1 billion mu was achieved on schedule. The area of conservation tillage was 83 million mu, and the pilot task of the third national soil census was completed. Breakthrough in the creation of agricultural machinery and equipment. The 240 horsepower stepless variable speed tractor, rapeseed transplanter and other short-board tools were successfully mass-produced, and the grain machine harvest loss rate was controlled within 3%.
Fourth, the transformation of production methods has accelerated, and the green transformation of agriculture has continued to advance.
Coordinated promotion of agricultural non-point source pollution control. The utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and pesticides exceeded 41%, and the utilization rates of livestock and poultry manure, straw and agricultural film exceeded 78%, 88% and 80% respectively. The ecological environment of key river basins has been improved at an accelerated pace. The ten-year ban on fishing in the Yangtze River has been vigorously promoted, and the protection of aquatic biological resources has continued to improve. The results of deep water conservation in the Yellow River Basin have begun to show, and agricultural ecological and environmental problems have been brought under control. The supply of green and high-quality agricultural products has increased. The "three products and one standard" of agricultural production and agricultural products have been further promoted, and the output of green, organic and geographical indication agricultural products has reached 11%, and the pass rate of routine monitoring of the quality and safety of agricultural products has reached 97.6%.
Fifth, rural industries have been cultivated and expanded, and the channels for increasing farmers' income have continued to expand.
The agricultural product processing and circulation industry has developed steadily. It is expected that the operating income of agricultural product processing industries above designated size will exceed 18.5 trillion yuan, an increase of about 4%, and support various market entities to build more than 16,000 refrigeration and fresh-keeping facilities for agricultural products. The development of new industries and new formats in rural areas has been accelerated. Rural leisure tourism has resumed development, and online retail sales of agricultural products are expected to increase by about 10%. The momentum of rural employment and entrepreneurship is good, and the employment rate in the nearest place exceeds 90%. The construction of agricultural parks has been upgraded and upgraded. 40 advantageous and characteristic industrial clusters, 50 national modern agricultural industrial parks, and 200 strong agricultural towns have been built, and the rural industrial foundation has been further consolidated. Driven by industry and employment, the per capita disposable income of rural residents reached 20,133 yuan, an actual increase of 4.2%, and the per capita income ratio of urban and rural residents was 2.45, 0.05 smaller than in 2021.
Sixth, rural construction has been carried out in an all-round way, and the living conditions of peasants have continued to improve.
Improvement of rural living environment. The coverage rate of rural sanitary latrines nationwide exceeds 73 per cent, more than 90 per cent of household garbage in natural villages is collected and disposed of, and cleaning operations have been carried out in 95 per cent of villages. The construction of rural public facilities is advancing in an orderly manner. The construction of rural industrial roads, resource roads, and tourist roads has been accelerated, facilities such as water supply and power supply, network communications, and farmers' housing have been gradually improved, and the level of public services such as rural education, medical care, and old-age care has been steadily improved. The efficiency of rural governance has been continuously enhanced. A total of 199 national rural governance demonstration townships and 1,992 demonstration villages have been established, and governance methods such as the point system, list system, and digitalization have been fully promoted.
Seventh, the expansion of rural reform has deepened, and the momentum of rural development has continued to increase.
The key reform tasks have been steadily advanced. After the expiration of the second round of land contracts, the pilot project was extended for another 30 years to 21 provinces, and the two pilot projects of the reform of the homestead system and the special rectification of rural indiscriminate occupation of cultivated land to build housing were carried out in an orderly manner, and the results of the reform of the rural collective property rights system were consolidated and improved. New agricultural management entities have developed and grown. The number of family farms and farmers' cooperatives reached 3.9 million and 2.22 million respectively. Agricultural socialization services cover an area of 1.87 billion mu and drive more than 89 million smallholder farmers. Trade in agricultural products grew rapidly. The total import and export volume reached 334.32 billion US dollars. Among them, imports were 236.06 billion US dollars, an increase of 7.4% over the previous year, and exports were 98.26 billion US dollars, an increase of 16.5% over the previous year.
Generally speaking, the development of agricultural and rural economy in the past year has withstood multiple tests, achieved results that exceeded expectations, stabilized the basic plate, and consolidated the ballast stone. This year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the National Rural Revitalization Administration will fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, conscientiously implement the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, anchor the goal of building an agricultural power, make every effort to ensure national food security and not return to poverty on a large scale, solidly promote rural development, rural construction, rural governance and other key tasks, build livable, workable and beautiful villages, promote comprehensive rural revitalization, and accelerate new progress in agricultural and rural modernization.
Last year, the mainland achieved a bumper harvest against the trend
Pan Wenbo, Director General of the Department of Plantation Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs——
Last year, the mainland's grain output reached 1,373.1 billion jin, an increase of 7.4 billion jin, a record high, and successfully completed the expected goal of maintaining grain output above 1.3 trillion jin. In his New Year's message, the general secretary stressed that in the face of the global food crisis, the mainland's grain production has achieved "nineteen consecutive abundances", and the Chinese's rice bowl has become more secure.
Last year's grain production went through several passes, and when summer grain was sown, it experienced rare autumn rains and autumn floods, when one-third of the winter wheat was sown late. We were dispatching at the time, and the seedling situation before winter was the worst in history. During spring planting and "three summers", the epidemic is distributed in many points, and the task of rushing to harvest and plant is very heavy.
To win the tough battle of fighting disasters and winning a bumper harvest, the most fundamental and crucial thing is the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core. The general secretary is always concerned about food security, repeatedly emphasizing that food security is "the great of the country" and "eating is the greatest thing in all things", and has repeatedly given important instructions and instructions to give precise guidance for doing a good job in grain production. The State Council attaches great importance to it, and the National Standing Committee has repeatedly studied and deployed special topics.
An important guarantee for winning the tough battle of fighting disasters and winning a bumper harvest is to grasp both righteousness and benefit, and mobilize the enthusiasm of local governments to focus on grain and peasants to grow grain. For the third consecutive year, grain production targets and tasks were issued to the provincial people's governments, and all localities conscientiously implemented the joint responsibility of the party and government for food security, and the main responsible comrades of the party committee and government personally studied the deployment arrangements, compacted the responsibility layer by layer, and did everything possible to tap the potential of grain production. On the basis of the increase in the previous year, the annual grain area increased by 10.52 million mu last year, exceeding the target tasks assigned. "Benefit" means strengthening policy support. In 2022, the central government's support for food production is rare in many years. For example, it continued to raise the minimum purchase price of rice and wheat, and issued a total of 40 billion yuan in one-off subsidies to farmers who actually planted grain three times, double that of 2021; Increase incentives for large grain-producing counties and expand the scale of rotation funds; Arrange 7 billion yuan to support summer grain to promote strong and stable production, and arrange 10 billion yuan to support autumn grain to resist high temperature and drought, which has effectively mobilized peasants' enthusiasm for production.
To win the tough battle of fighting disasters and winning a bumper harvest, effective measures are coordinated from top to bottom, and key measures are implemented in a down-to-earth and detailed manner. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has grasped the work season by season, variety by variety, region by region, and link by link, organized and carried out front-line contact guidance on the sinking of parcels in the province, and formulated and issued more than 30 technical guidance opinions and plans. Actively respond to the impact of the epidemic, set up an emergency service team, and help solve the blocking points such as agricultural materials entering households, agricultural machinery on the road, and farmers going to the fields. In key agricultural times, all the systematic strength of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has been pressed to the front line, and cadres and scientific and technological personnel of organs have been organized to squat and guide them, and promote the implementation of measures such as promoting the weak and turning the weak into strong, "one spray and three prevention", drought resistance and seedling preservation of autumn grain, "one spray and multiple promotions", and disease prevention and insect control.
In 2023, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs insists on taking grain production as the primary task of the "three rural areas" work, and strives to stabilize the grain sowing area with a new round of 100 billion jin of grain production capacity improvement actions as the starting point, strive to expand soybean oil seeds, focus on increasing yields, and go all out to maintain the good momentum of stable grain production and increase production.
Go all out to do a good job in rural epidemic prevention and control
Zeng Yande, Chief Agronomist and Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs——
Recently, under the unified arrangement of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council and the Central Rural Work Leading Group, the Central Agricultural Office, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and the National Rural Revitalization Bureau, together with relevant departments, have set up a special class for epidemic prevention and control in rural areas, and sent 32 supervision teams to various places to supervise, promote the responsibility of compacting the "five-level secretary", and go all out to do a good job in rural epidemic prevention and control.
In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, together with the Central Agricultural Office and the National Rural Revitalization Administration, will continue to strengthen departmental linkage, mobilize all forces, form a joint force for prevention and control, protect the life safety of rural residents to the greatest extent, and minimize the impact of the epidemic on rural economic and social development. There are several measures:
Give play to the role of rural grassroots organizations and improve their ability to provide precise services. To do a good job in rural epidemic prevention and control, rural grassroots organizations are in a key position. It is necessary to give play to the role of village party organizations as fighting bastions and the advantages of other organizational resources, implement responsibilities, refine measures, sink into households, and move forward at passes. It is necessary to promote the grid management model, scientifically and accurately do a good job in epidemic prevention and control, and ensure that the prevention and control system does not leave gaps. It is also necessary to give play to the role of the first secretary stationed in the village and the party members in the rural areas, rush to the front line, and set an example.
Promote the sinking of medical resources to rural areas and improve the ability of diagnosis and treatment guarantee. The technical personnel are sinking, focusing on the county's medical resources to some weak townships and communities, supplementing technical strength and enhancing treatment capabilities. Medical supplies are sinking, and some emergency equipment and medicines should be tilted to township hospitals to ensure that they are medicinal and available. Recently, the special work class coordinated with relevant departments, mobilized social forces, and equipped each village clinic with two oxygen finger meters free of charge, and is equipping each township health center with one oxygen generator free of charge.
Strengthen the protection of key rural groups and improve the ability to prevent and treat severe diseases. Accurately grasp information, carry out "one-on-one" insurance contact for the elderly over 65 years old, pregnant women, children, especially the elderly living alone and the disabled who lack self-health management, regularly do a good job in health monitoring, establish a corresponding information database, smooth green channels, timely identify, timely refer and treat possible serious diseases, and strictly prevent incidents that impact the bottom line of morality. At the same time, we will promote the acceleration of the vaccination rate of key groups and achieve "full success".
Strengthen epidemic prevention and control publicity and improve daily protection capabilities. It is necessary to innovate the form of publicity, through rural loudspeakers, WeChat groups, propaganda boards, plain paper, etc. to guide villagers to do a good job in health monitoring, personal protection and cleanliness, and public places should be disinfected frequently. It is necessary to advocate a healthy lifestyle, insist on wearing masks, wash hands frequently, and try to gather and eat less when visiting relatives and friends. It is necessary to advocate a new style of civilization, appropriately control the scale and frequency of gathering activities such as fairs, temple fairs, and theatrical performances according to the regional epidemic situation and the wishes of residents, and simplify activities such as weddings and funerals.
During the Spring Festival, the mainland has abundant supplies of meat, vegetables, grain and oil
Liu Han, head of the Department of Market and Information Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs——
Judging from all aspects, it is expected that the supply of meat, vegetables, grain and oil in the mainland during the Spring Festival will be sufficient, which can fully meet the consumption needs of urban and rural residents. At present, the operation of agricultural products market has three main characteristics:
Sufficient production capacity:
Grain output has been stable at more than 1.3 trillion jin for eight consecutive years, the soybean oil production capacity improvement project has started well, the expansion effect of soybean planting is remarkable, the pig stock has increased for eight consecutive months, and pork production has returned to normal levels. The area of vegetables in the field has increased steadily, the amount of fruits is sufficient and of high quality, the output of aquatic products is also steadily increasing, and the foundation for ensuring the supply of agricultural products is very solid.
Consumption boom:
The Spring Festival is the peak of annual consumption of agricultural products, especially "vegetable basket" products, coupled with the optimization of epidemic prevention and control policies, the recovery of catering and tourism, it is expected that the consumption of agricultural products will increase significantly, and the market is expected to be booming.
Price stability:
The prices of agricultural products are generally stable, with ups and downs and normal fluctuations between varieties.
In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will continue to work with relevant departments and localities to grasp production, smooth circulation, guard the bottom line, and ensure safety, so as to ensure that the "rice bags", "vegetable baskets" and "oil bottles" of the masses during the Spring Festival are sufficient and stable.
Get a good grasp of production:
We should pay close attention to the production of grain and oil and important "vegetable basket" products, rationally arrange the scale of planting and variety structure, develop fast lettuce and sprouts according to local conditions, do a good job in breeding livestock and poultry aquatic products, focus on key indicators such as the stock of breeding sows and the production of pigs, and promote balanced supply.
Smooth circulation:
In accordance with the requirements of the 20 articles and the new 10 articles to optimize epidemic prevention and control, implement the "green channel" policy for the transportation of fresh agricultural products. Promote the establishment of a cross-regional joint guarantee and supply mechanism, and promote the establishment of "point-to-point" relationships between production areas and sales areas, commercial outlets and production entities.
Building the Bottom Line:
Vigorously grasp the quality supervision of agricultural products, increase the monitoring of agricultural and veterinary drug residues, promote the effective connection between origin approval and market access, and ensure that no major agricultural product quality and safety incidents occur. Improve the emergency supply system, formulate plans and hierarchical response measures, and timely and efficiently solve problems such as slow sales difficulties and tight supply.
Compaction responsibility:
Strengthen the responsibility of the party and government for food security and the "vegetable basket" mayor responsibility system, urge all localities to do a solid job in the production of agricultural products, strengthen pre-production, production and post-production services, and consolidate and improve self-sufficiency. Strengthen monitoring and early warning, carry out production and market dynamic monitoring, timely release market change information, and reasonably guide market expectations.
Promote more farmers to live a modern life on the spot
Xu Jianmin, Director of the General Department of the National Rural Revitalization Bureau——
This year, the National Rural Revitalization Bureau will work with relevant departments to deeply implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, take the construction of livable and workable villages and beautiful villages as the guide, aim at the goal of basically having modern living conditions in rural areas, and promote more farmers to live a modern life on the spot.
Focus on strengthening planning and standards leadership. Promote the preparation of village plans, and study and formulate guidelines for the construction of rural areas that basically have modern living conditions.
Efforts should be made to coordinate the layout of rural infrastructure and public services. Promote the extension of public infrastructure and public services to villages and cover households, and concentrate efforts on the construction of inclusive, basic and thorough people's livelihood. Priority should be given to building projects that not only facilitate living but also promote production, and speed up the completion of the shortcomings in rural production and living conditions.
Efforts should be made to improve the quality of rural living environment improvement. Strengthen the construction of long-term mechanisms, improve the quality of rural toilet renovation, strengthen the coordinated treatment of domestic sewage and toilet manure, and improve the domestic waste collection, transportation and disposal system.
Efforts should be made to strengthen the endogenous driving force of rural construction. Promote the implementation of systems such as rural construction project database, task list management and farmers' participation, study and establish a rural construction guidance system, a village public infrastructure management and publicity system, and widely carry out the "My hometown, I build" activities.
In order to guide the vast number of farmers to actively participate in the construction of a better home, recently, the National Rural Revitalization Bureau and other seven departments issued the "Guidelines for Farmers' Participation in Rural Construction (Trial)", which improves the mechanism for farmers to participate in rural construction, standardizes the procedures and methods of participation, and puts forward specific measures from strengthening the mobilization of farmers' organizations, guiding farmers to participate in planning, driving farmers to implement construction, supporting farmers' participation in management, and protecting farmers' participation rights and interests, providing policy basis and action guidance for organizing farmers to participate in rural construction.
Pig farming may enter a phased loss
Zeng Yande, Chief Agronomist and Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs——
Last year, 699 million pigs were slaughtered, with an average of two people and one pig, and the supply of live pigs was guaranteed. At present, it is an important period for stocking New Year's goods, and the supply of live pigs has shown three new characteristics: increased slaughter, weak consumption, and decreased prices.
For the pig market trend in the coming period, price fluctuations are inevitable, and our goal is to reduce the frequency of fluctuations and reduce the amplitude. From the trend point of view, the key is to look at three factors:
The first is the number of sows that can breed.
At the end of December, the national breeding sow inventory was close to 44 million, which was 107% of the normal holding of 41 million, that is, a little more than the normal holding, slightly higher than the upper limit of the green and reasonable area of capacity control.
The second is the stock of medium and large pigs.
In November and December, the number of 5-month-old large pigs in large-scale pig farms nationwide increased by 10.9% and 5.6% year-on-year, respectively, and these pigs were slaughtered around the Spring Festival.
The third is the number of newborn piglets.
The number of newborn piglets in the early stage has increased more, and these pigs will be slaughtered in about 6 months, and the later market will increase. Comprehensive judgment, around the Spring Festival, pig slaughter will not be less than the same period last year, coupled with the post-holiday pork consumption into the off-season, pig prices are obviously downtrending, pig breeding may enter a phased loss.
In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will focus on the following work:
Strengthen forecasting and early warning.
It is necessary to issue early warning information in a timely manner, guide the farm to follow the trend of slaughtering fat pigs, and avoid losses caused by excessive pen pressing. At present, the number of breeding sows in the country is higher than a reasonable level, and we also hope that the majority of farms will stabilize the number of high-quality breeding sows and take measures to deal with the decline in pig prices in advance.
Strengthen capacity control.
Strengthen the production capacity regulation and control mainly for breeding sows, stabilize long-term support policies such as environmental protection, loans, and insurance, maintain the stability of pig production capacity in a reasonable range, and avoid big ups and downs in production.
Strengthen epidemic prevention and control.
It is necessary to guide all localities to do a good job in the normalization of the prevention and control of African swine fever, coordinate the prevention and control of pig epidemic diarrhea and other diseases, continuously improve the biosecurity level of pig farms, and ensure that the epidemic situation is stable and does not rebound.
Strengthen market regulation.
In the period of low pig prices before, during and after the Spring Festival, it is necessary to start the government pork reserve in a timely manner in conjunction with relevant departments, link with production capacity regulation, and strive to do a good job in stable pig production and supply and price stabilization.
In 2022, the employment scale of the poverty alleviation labor force reached 32.78 million
China Sannong released a reporter's on-site question
Xu Jianmin, Director of the General Department of the National Rural Revitalization Bureau——
2022 is a year of deepening the effective connection between consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, with three main landmark achievements.
The monitoring and support mechanism for preventing poverty return has played an effective role, achieving early detection, early intervention and early assistance, and no large-scale return to poverty has occurred. More than 65 per cent of the targets of poverty prevention monitoring have eliminated the risk of falling back into poverty throughout the year, and the rest have implemented assistance measures that can also eliminate the risk after a period of effort.
The employment situation of the poverty alleviated labor force remained stable. In 2022, the employment scale of the poverty alleviation labor force reached 32.78 million, an increase of 1.33 million over the end of 2021, exceeding the annual target of 2.59 million.
The incomes of the areas and people who have been lifted out of poverty have increased rapidly. It is estimated that in 2022, the per capita disposable income of farmers in poverty alleviation counties and the per capita net income of the people who have been lifted out of poverty will continue to be higher than the average level of farmers in the country.
This year, the National Rural Revitalization Bureau will focus on consolidating and expanding the achievements in poverty alleviation from four aspects.
Implement the monitoring and support mechanism for preventing poverty return, increase the intensity of investigation, and ensure early detection, early intervention, and early assistance to rural households at risk of falling back into poverty and causing poverty, so as to eliminate the risk of falling back into poverty and causing poverty in the bud.
Hold on to two key areas. The first is the 160 national rural revitalization key assistance counties, and the second is the 35,000 relocation centers for poverty alleviation and relocation nationwide. The National Rural Revitalization Administration will increase support for fiscal, financial, talent, land and other policies to accelerate the development of these key areas.
Pay close attention to employment assistance and industrial assistance, support and drive the people who can work to get rid of poverty, and the monitoring targets to work hard to get rich, ensure that the employment scale of the poverty alleviation labor force is stable at more than 30 million throughout the year, and the per capita net operating income of the poverty alleviation population has steadily increased.
Make good use of the four supporting forces. Deepen east-west cooperation, designated assistance from central units, village-based assistance and social force assistance, form a "trinity" pattern of special assistance, industry assistance and social assistance, unite all parties to consolidate and expand the great achievements in poverty alleviation, and firmly hold the bottom line of not returning to poverty on a large scale.
The overall level of agricultural science and technology innovation in the mainland has entered the world's first square
Zeng Yande, Chief Agronomist and Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs——
Overall, the overall level of agricultural science and technology innovation in the mainland has entered the world's first square. In 2022, the contribution rate of national agricultural science and technology progress will reach 62.4%, which can be said to be a solid step forward in agricultural science and technology self-reliance. Last year, there were three highlights of agricultural science and technology innovation:
The pace of major scientific and technological innovation has accelerated. We have launched key core technology research in agriculture, major projects of agricultural biological breeding, core seed source and new variety cultivation, chassis technology, hilly agricultural machinery and other fields. Some original scientific and technological achievements lead the world. Among them, the self-cultivated "Huaxi cattle" passed the national approval, and the market share of the independent new breed of white feather broiler reached 15%, and the problem of "stuck neck" of the core seed source was alleviated.
The building of strategic scientific and technological forces has been accelerated. It is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, the talent team is stronger. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has proposed and cultivated a group of strategic scientists, agricultural science and technology leaders, and young outstanding scientific and technological talents, optimized the modern agricultural industrial technology system and the layout of national agricultural scientific research institutes, and created a "national team" of agricultural science and technology innovation. At the same time, a team of scientific and technological innovation system has been established from the state to the provinces, cities and counties. Second, the major innovation platform system has been further improved. In the fields of efficient breeding, cultivated land conservation and intelligent equipment, the discipline group laboratory system of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs consisting of 34 discipline groups and 469 key laboratories has been established, and 60 national agricultural science and technology innovation alliances have been established, forming a collaborative innovation model to solve professional, industrial and regional major key technologies.
Agricultural science and technology service capacity strengthened. There are two outstanding results: First, focus on key tasks. It is to focus on stabilizing grain supply and ensuring supply, the "science and technology strong seedlings" action, soybean science and technology self-improvement action and rapeseed green revolution science and technology action have been carried out, and nearly one million agricultural technicians have sunk front-line precision services, providing strong technical support for the loss reduction of important agricultural products and the yield of bills of lading. The second is to focus on key areas. Last year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs sent 1,557 experts to 160 key counties for rural revitalization to form science and technology missions, which injected new momentum into the industrial development of poverty alleviation areas.
In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will pay close attention to the frontier of agricultural science and technology in the world, accelerate the research of key core technologies in agriculture, strengthen the system integration of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, improve the overall efficiency of the innovation system, and provide strong scientific and technological support for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and accelerating agricultural and rural modernization.
In 2022, the soybean oil production capacity improvement project has achieved a "good start"
Pan Wenbo, Director General of the Department of Plantation Management, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs——
In 2022, the state launched the soybean and oilseed production capacity improvement project. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs focuses on two aspects: multi-strategy and expansion of soybeans, and multi-oil expansion of oil materials.
In terms of expanding beans, we will establish a reasonable crop rotation system. Mainly in the traditional soybean producing areas of northeast China, corn and soybean rotation are developed. In the northwest, Huang-Huai-Hai, southwest, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, suitable areas were selected, and soybean and corn belt compound planting was promoted for the first time this year, with a total of more than 40,000 business entities in 1,047 counties in 16 provinces to undertake.
In terms of oil expansion materials, it is mainly to develop and use the southern winter idle fields to expand the planting of winter rape, develop spring rape in the northwest region according to local conditions, actively develop peanuts in the Huanghuaihai Sea, the northern agricultural and animal husbandry belt, and the northwest region, and develop some characteristic oil seeds according to local conditions, including flax, sesame, oil sunflower, etc.
After the joint efforts of many parties, the soybean oil production capacity improvement project in 2022 has achieved a "good start". According to statistics, the area of soybeans reached 154 million mu, an increase of 27.43 million mu, which is the highest area since 1958; the output has reached 20 million tons for the first time, a record high. The soybean self-sufficiency rate increased by 3 percentage points last year alone. Oil production has also steadily expanded, with rapeseed area reaching 109 million mu, an increase of nearly 4 million mu over the previous year, and a recovery increase for the fourth consecutive year, with output reaching 15.53 million tons, an increase of 810,000 tons, and the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil increased by 1.6 percentage points.
In 2023, ensure that the area of soybean oil is stable at more than 350 million mu, strive to expand soybean oil by more than 10 million mu, increase the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil by 1 percentage point, and strive to see new results every year and firmly Chinese the "oil bottle".
Recently, in terms of market purchase and sales, affected by weak downstream consumption, the purchase price of soybeans in the new season has opened high and low, and the progress of soybean purchase in the northeast region has been slow. But in general, the gap between soybean production and demand in the mainland is still large, with the optimization of epidemic prevention and control policies, the order of production and life in various places has been restored, logistics blockages have gradually opened, schools have opened one after another after the Spring Festival, downstream consumption such as catering and processing has become stronger, and the soybean market is expected to stabilize and recover. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs is discussing with relevant departments to study and introduce measures to promote the connection between soybean production and marketing, hoping that processing and circulation enterprises will seize the opportunity to purchase and process more high-quality domestic soybeans produced by ourselves. In order to promote the connection between soybean production and marketing, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has increased the acceptance of hotlines, and if soybean growers, distributors and processing enterprises have any questions and suggestions in purchase and sales, please call the "010-59199459" hotline.
In 2022, the per capita disposable income of rural residents will be 20,133 yuan, reaching a new level of 20,000 yuan for the first time
Zeng Yande, Chief Agronomist and Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs——
The National Bureau of Statistics announced that in 2022, the per capita disposable income of mainland rural residents will be 20,133 yuan, which is the first time to step up to a new level of 20,000. The real growth was 4.2%, and the urban-rural income multiple was 2.45. In the past year, farmers' incomes and pockets have bulged a little, which has provided important support for smoothing the urban and rural economic cycle.
In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will further increase its efforts, strengthen the implementation of measures, and make efforts to broaden the channels for farmers to increase income and become rich.
It is necessary to consolidate and improve production capacity, increase production and increase income.
It is necessary to increase production and income, launch a new round of 100 billion jin of grain production capacity improvement action, consolidate the foundation of food security in an all-round way, and let limited arable land produce more food and produce more benefits. To increase business income, it is necessary to promote the socialization of agricultural services and mechanization of production, reduce production costs, and improve operational efficiency. It is also necessary to promote policies to preserve capital, improve the guarantee mechanism for farmers' income from grain cultivation, and improve the "trinity" policy system of price, subsidy and insurance, so that farmers can earn money and gain more benefits from agricultural grain cultivation.
It is necessary to promote industrial integration, improve efficiency and increase income.
It is necessary to base on the characteristic resources of agriculture and rural areas, develop multiple functions of agriculture, tap the diversified value of rural areas, expand the agricultural product processing industry, optimize rural leisure and tourism, develop rural e-commerce, strengthen the leader, supplement the chain, develop the business format, and establish the brand, improve and improve the mechanism of agricultural industry to link agriculture with agriculture and benefit agriculture, keep the main body of the industrial chain in the county, and leave more industrial value-added income to farmers.
It is necessary to promote employment, entrepreneurship, expand jobs, and increase income.
The focus is on two aspects: First, increase employment in the nearest area. Make overall plans to promote the economic development of the county, promote investment and industry, strengthen project construction, and absorb nearby employment of farmers in townships through multiple channels. The other is to go out to work and stabilize jobs. Carry out skills training for migrant workers, strengthen employment guidance services, and guide rural laborers to enter urban employment in an orderly manner.
Deepen reform and innovation to empower and increase income.
The focus is on two aspects: on the one hand, it is necessary to steadily promote the reform of the rural land system, standardize and guide the circulation of rural contracted land, explore the effective form of realizing the "separation of powers" of homesteads, activate rural "sleeping resources", and let farmers obtain more property income. On the other hand, deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system, develop a new type of rural collective economy, and guide all localities to explore development models such as resource contracting, property leasing, and intermediary services in accordance with local conditions, so as to ensure that collective assets are preserved and increased, and farmers share benefits.
Reporter| Huang Li
Photography| Xu Yu