Red alkali nail, a mysterious and alluring name, a pearl shining in the wasteland of northern Seibei. I met two beautiful encounters unexpectedly, and forged one beautiful relationship after another.
Whenever I am in the red water, the rippling boat, the passionate speedboat, and the sparkling and the spectacular scenery of the water and sky, it is always pleasant; Occasionally listen to a passionate pastoral song on the grassland, and the crisp and pleasant camel bell in the desert will always make people passionate; Listening attentively to the popular legends and stories of "Zhaojun out of the jam" and "Zhaojun tears" will always make people think and linger.
Located in Erlintu Town, Shenmu City, Shaanxi Province, Red Alkali Nao is located in the transition zone between the Loess Plateau and the Inner Mongolia Plateau, and at the intersection of the Maowusu Desert and the Ordos Basin. This is a freshwater endorheic lake in the Maowusu Desert. According to historical records, the total area of the lake is 67 square kilometers, the shoreline of the lake is 43.7 kilometers long, the widest point from east to west is 10 kilometers, the longest point from north to south is 12 kilometers, the maximum water depth is 10.5 meters, and the average water depth is 8.2 meters. Among them, the lake covers an area of about 36,000 hectares, and the surface of the lake is roughly triangular in shape, which is locally called "Haizi". Naoshang is the largest inland lake in Shaanxi and the largest desert freshwater lake in the country.
According to the "Shenmu County Record": In the 20s of the 20th century, the lake site was still a lush and lush natural pasture, and a road ran through the north and south, which was an important passage for Meng-Han exchanges. Because the land contains a large amount of red alkali and water, the ground is rust-colored, so it was originally called "red alkali wetland", and then the stagnant water increased year by year, and then it became a waterhole and was renamed "red alkali water". "Nao", Mongolian language, also means water and lake. According to historical records: the red alkali was formed in 1929, due to successive precipitation, the terrain is low-lying, forming a lake of more than 30,000 acres. In 1954, the river network was carried out, and canals were dug to boil water, forming a lake surface of more than 54,000 mu. As early as the 60s of last century, due to successive floods, by 1969, the red alkali pondered to 105,000 mu, becoming the largest water area in history. Today, it has become a "Shaanxi Provincial Scenic Area", "National 4A Scenic Area", and one of the "Ten Natural Scenic Spots" in Shaanxi Province.
Look back at "Zhaojun out of the jam" and listen to the story of "Zhaojun tears". Wang Zhaojun, a famous concubine, was originally a Han palace maid. At that time, the northern Xiongnu were successively attacked by the Han army of the previous generation, and there was a situation of five singles and two sides, and finally the Xiongnu were divided into two parts, the north and the south. In 54 BC, the Southern Xiongnu Huhan Xidan Yu was defeated by his elder brother Northern Xiongnu Zhidan Yu, and became a vassal state to the Han Dynasty. Emperor Xuan of Han placed him under Guanglu and paid tribute to the dynasty three times. In the first month of 33 BC, the leader of the Southern Xiongnu, Hu Hanxie, went to Chang'an to make a pilgrimage to the Son of Heaven, fulfilled the courtesy of the vassals, and invited himself as a son-in-law. Emperor Yuan then bestowed the palace queen Zhaojun on Hu Hanxie, and later created Zhaojun "Ninghu Yan" (queen). A young and beautiful wife, happy and excited. Huhan Xiedanyu controlled all of the Xiongnu with the support of the Western Han Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Xuan of Han, the country was strong. Escorted by Han and Xiongnu officials, Wang Zhaojun rode out of Chang'an and braved the biting cold wind outside the country to travel thousands of miles to the Xiongnu.
Legend has it that as soon as Zhaojun walked to the Erlin Rabbit Grassland and was about to bid farewell to the Central Plains, Zhaojun dismounted and stopped and looked back at the Han camp affectionately. As everyone knows, this stop, as soon as she cried, tears flowed for 7 days and 7 nights, and her tears suddenly remained 60-70 square kilometers of red alkali. Later, when the queen mother heard the news, she was very moved, and immediately sent 7 fairies, and when they went to the ground, the fairies each held 1 streamer and walked towards them from 7 different dimensions, which is the "Tears of Zhaojun" gathered by the 7 seasonal rivers.
Later, Zhaojun slowly got used to the life of the Xiongnu, got along well with the Xiongnu, and passed on the Central Plains culture to the Xiongnu, promoting the integration and development of nomadic culture and Han culture. It is said that Emperor Zhaojun was buried in Daqing Mountain after her death, and the Xiongnu built a tomb for her and worshipped her as a god. The tomb of Shōgun is the green tomb. Later, in order to avoid Sima Zhao's disdain, Zhaojun changed his name to Wang Mingjun. Based on this story, poetry, lute music, dramas, TV dramas and other works of art were also created.
Step into the Red Alkali and visit Red Rock Island. There is a peninsula with an area of 580 acres in Hongjiao Lake, which is called "Hongshi Island". Take a boat ride to Redstone Island, but see that the beach on the island is clean and sandy with bushes. It is the breeding and habitat of the world's largest rare and endangered bird, the Gull, which is home to 90% of the world's remains every year. The natural ecological environment of Red Alkali Nao provides an ideal habitat for many migratory birds, and there are many species of wild birds breeding here, mainly including the national second-class protected animals white swan and cormorants, seagulls, ospreys, wild ducks, mandarin ducks, etc. In spring and autumn, thousands of birds gather here, flying up and down, dancing and singing in unison, which is a spectacular scene.
The relict gull, first discovered in April 1929 in Onidol, downstream of the weak water in western Inner Mongolia, was not identified as a separate species until 1971, so it is considered to be the latest human named gull. Because it has been "forgotten" by humans for a long time, it is named a relic. Internationally, the gull is one of the few bird species listed under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora and the Convention on Migratory Species.
The magic stroke of red alkali is the world's endangered animal first-class protected animal - the relict gull. Every summer, more than 90% of the world's relict gulls visit the Red Alkali Lake, forming a rare landscape, making Lake the world's largest breeding and habitat base. According to research, there are 53 species of protected water birds along the lake, including relict gulls, white swans, mandarin ducks, egrets and other extremely precious water birds. The remains gull is a medium-sized waterfowl with a body length of about 40 cm. The mouth and feet are dark red, the forehead is flat, and the head is pure black in summer. The posterior edge of the eye has a star-shaped white spot above and below, the back and shoulders are pale gray, and the waist, tail feathers and lower body are white. Relict gulls hover over the lake, sometimes low, sometimes spreading their wings. It's like a beautiful oil painting freeze frame.
The lake is full of smoke and spirit. Under the blue sky and white clouds, the vast lake, clean beach, abundant water and grass, herds of cattle and sheep, dancing birds, rising sun, charming sunset and majestic waves, etc., together constitute the unique natural scenery of the Red Alkali Scenic Area. Looking around the red alkali pond, the rolling sand dunes and flaky grasslands of different sizes intersect, the snow-white flock of sheep is like white clouds dotted among them, the clusters of sand willows are particularly green in the golden sand dunes, and the agitated albatross swim echoes in the sky for a long time. Vast lake, soft beach, quiet wilderness, verdant grassland, full of vibrant plants, dancing birds, rushing waves, boats that follow the current, gushing sunrise, sunset glow, typical Serbian scenery and Mongolian and Han cultures blend with each other of regional customs, desert and grassland blend, vast grassland, magnificent desert constitute a peculiar and magnificent picture of the world.
Huxi District Natural Wetland Reserve, you can enjoy the beautiful grassland wetland scenery; Hubei District is a desert entertainment center with sandboarding, ziplines, sand bikes, sand off-road vehicles, amphibious amusement vehicles, space balls, bouncing trapezes, desert camels, flavored picnics, seaside bathing and other amusement projects; The lake area is a water entertainment area, with speedboats, motor boats, traction parachutes, lake paintings, water gliders and other amusement projects. On the west and south sides of the lake, there are natural pastures covering an area of about 100,000 mu, with abundant water and grass, and herds of cattle and sheep; The north and south sides are dominated by sand dune flats, and there are large areas of sand fixing windbreak forest belts dominated by sand willows.
In the early morning, the morning sun dyed the lake red, the rippling boats, and the passionate speedboats, breaking through the tranquil lake. The sparkling lake at sunset and the spectacular view of the water and sky will delight you. The clear water and soft sand make for a unique "natural bathing area". Here occasionally you can hear the passionate pastoral songs on the grassland, and occasionally the crisp and pleasant camel bells in the desert, here you can truly experience the regional customs of the two ethnic groups of Mongolia and Han. Between the quiet and beautiful Ordos grassland and the vast Maowusu Desert, the blue lake, soft sand, flying birds and birds... The desolation of the desert, the magnificence of the grassland, and the vastness of the lake are perfectly integrated here, which is fascinating.
【Reference materials for this article】"Yulin Fuzhi", "Yulin Area", "Shenmu County Record" and some graphic materials about red alkali nao scattered on the Internet, and so on.
【About author】Xie Dehui, born in 1962, from Jiaokou County, Luliang City, Shanxi Province. The screen name is "Tranquility and Distance". Member of Shanxi Writers Association, member of Lüliang Writers Association, director of Lüliang Culture and Tourism Association, member of Fenzhou Cultural Research Association, writer of Xiaoxiang Literature Society, member of International Photography Association, member of Lüliang Photographers Association, member of Lüliang Civil Literary and Artist Association, consultant of North Wudang Mountain Cultural Research Association, etc. I like to visit ancient times, feel the landscape and humanities, and adhere to the "three degrees" of "excavating historical thickness in the choice of subject matter, finding spiritual height in red culture, and exploring artistic vividness in real life"; Insist on walking in the great beauty of Luliang, inheriting history and humanities. Since 1989, he has published more than 300 articles in newspapers, periodicals and news media such as Study and Research (Central Committee), Guangming Daily, China Township Forum, Shanxi Daily, Shanxi Economic Daily, Forward, Shanxi Work, Shanxi Agricultural Classic, Government Legal System, Shanxi Legal Daily, Lüliang Literature, Centennial Red Seal (Lingshi), Lüliang Daily, Lüliang Evening News, Cultural Jinzhong, Palm Lüliang, Lüliang Release, etc. He has published 2 books "Red Lü Liang" and "Impression Leaving the Stone", of which the book "Red Lü Liang" is collected in "Lüliang City Library" and "Jinsui Soldier and Civilian Museum"; The book "Yunmeng Fengya" (Xinhua Publishing House) includes 19 articles written by him. "Lüliang City Chronicle" "Art Essay", including the article "Reading Moraine Ancient Town" written by him. Opened the WeChat public account of "Walking Damei Lu Liang" (individual), and has published more than 320 articles.