#中国地道风物 #
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Qingbo, scientific name Chinese barbed catfish, Spinibarbus sinensis, commonly known as green bowl, black scale, green plate, taxonomically belongs to the order Cyprinidae, cyprinidae, catfish subfamily, barbed catfish fish, the fish has large individuals, fast growth, heterogeneous food, tender meat, strong adaptability and other excellent traits. Different from carp, grass carp, similar to the body shape of carp, like the scale armor of grass carp, its body is long and flattened, and there is a sharp barb in the dorsal fin flesh, so the name "barb" catfish, is one of the rare and endemic indigenous fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and likes to live on the rapids and beaches with clear water.
Chinese barbed catfish, head tapered, blunt snout, mouth sub-subposition, horseshoe-shaped. Body type laterally flattened; The position of the dorsal fin start is anterior and above the ventral fin start; lateral line scales 28~36; dorsal fin has toothed spines; Body color: bluish-black on the back, gray-white on the abdomen, silvery on the side of the body; The fin bar has a dark spot near the base of the caudal fin, which is more pronounced in juveniles.
(Pictured: There is a barb hidden under the skin in front of the beginning of the dorsal fin, hence the name "barb", the picture is a blue wave fish)
The most important characteristic of the genus Barbs: Barbs in front of the dorsal fin
The three species of spiny catfish (Chinese barbed catfish), green bamboo carp (barbed catfish) and military fish (light barbed catfish) are very similar in appearance, but their classification is distinguished by the number of gill rakers, lateral line scales, dorsal fin front scales, body length/tail peduncle height, internal bone structure, etc. Taking the light barbed catfish as an example, the main classification indicators of its internal skeleton are shown in the figure below: the barb in front of the dorsal fin is one of the most important characteristics of the genus Barb.
(Source: Mu Hai)
Among the species of the genus Barb, Qingbo is the most famous. Qingbo is a benthic fish, active and fast-swimming, and prefers to inhabit the flowing water with a rocky bottom in groups. In winter, the Chinese barbed catfish overwinters in the deep pit caverns of the main stream and tributaries, and after the water level rises in spring, it breeds and grows in the tributaries; Fishermen call this phenomenon "seven up and eight down", that is, the period when the main stream enters the tributary before the seventh month of the lunar calendar, and the period when the tributary recedes to the Yuliu after August. Qingbo has high requirements for dissolved oxygen, its survival water temperature is 1~36 °C, feeding water temperature is 6~32 °C, and the most suitable growth water temperature is 20~30 °C.
Chinese barbed catfish, an omnivorous fish whose main food is aquatic higher plants in natural waters; Filamentous algae, insect larvae, freshwater shell vegetables, etc. are its feeding objects, so it has a suppressive effect on moss. Juvenile fish feed on crustaceans, and the diet of bluefish also includes grasshoppers, tender corn, small fish and shrimp, rice, peanuts, etc. In March, April and September of the year, the feeding intensity is the largest, the general intestinal congestion is 4~5 grade, and the reproductive season also continues to feed, but the feeding intensity is weakened, and the intestinal congestion is below grade 4. When farming, I like to eat artificial feed.
Under natural conditions, blue waves grow slowly, and the body length of 1-year-old fish is about 18 cm and weighs 150 grams; 2-year-old fish are 24 cm long and weigh 200 g; The 4-year-old fish is about 40 cm long and weighs 1.6 kg. Under artificial breeding conditions, the fish can grow to 250 grams in that year, grow faster after 2 winter years, the largest individual can reach 25 kg, large yield, fat and fat meat, and is an important economic fish in Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou and other places.
(Source: Mu Hai)
Qingbo is sexually mature at about 3 years old, and the breeding period is April ~ June every year, and the suitable water temperature for breeding is 20~28 °C. The male is slender, the abdomen is small, the body color is darker, the back is blue-gray, the body surface has "pearl stars", the genital process is slightly convex, about 0.5 cm long; the female fish is fat, the abdomen is swollen, the body color is lighter, the back is bluish yellow, there is no "pearl star", the genital process is more prominent, cylindrical, about 1.5 cm long. The eggs float and hatch with the water.
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