"You lost a son, and I lost a son, and they sacrificed a glorious job."
This is a remark made by Chairman Mao at the Second National Congress of the All-China Women's Federation in 1953 when he received Huang Jiguang's mother, Deng Fangzhi.
The picture | Chairman Mao receives Huang Jiguang's mother
When he said this, he tightly held Deng Fangzhi's hand, which made the old man Deng Fangzhi shed tears with emotion, and the old man did not expect that Chairman Mao had actually sent his son to the Korean battlefield.
Huang Jiguang was in his early 20s when he died, and Mao Anying was not yet 30 years old when he died.
70 years after Mao Anying's sacrifice, a top-secret telegram from Peng Dehuai was published, in which Peng Dehuai's telegram recorded the experience of Mao Anying's sacrifice, which made people tear up.
Chairman Mao personally interceded with Peng Dehuai and sent Mao Anying to Korea
In October 1950, Mao Anying, who had just been married for the first year, returned to Shaoshan, Hunan Province with his father's instructions, and in addition to visiting the villagers, it was important to sweep the grave of his mother Yang Kaihui.
The picture | Comrade Mao Anying
A few days after returning to his hometown, Li Kenongtuo sent a message to Mao Anying saying that the war in Korea was tight and asked him to return to Beijing immediately and follow him on a business trip to the Soviet Union.
Mao Anying grew up in Moscow as a teenager and spoke a fluent foreign language, and it was best for Mao Anying to serve as a translator, and it was this work that made Mao Anying realize the importance of national sovereignty.
Before the United States intervened in the Korean War, Premier Zhou repeatedly shouted to the United States not to allow the United States to cross the 38th Parallel, but the United States ignored China's warnings and provocatively crossed the 38th Parallel, seriously violating China's sovereignty.
To fight or not to fight? Late at night, Chairman Mao and Peng Dehuai discussed in Zhongnanhai that if there is no fight, the United States will certainly gain inches and bully people everywhere.
However, Chairman Mao still made an important decision with that bold spirit and established the Chinese People's Volunteer Army to send troops to Korea to resist US aggression and aid Korea.
At the same time, Mao Anying was also aware of the danger of the country's broken mountains and rivers, and he thought about it and decided to go to Korea to fight.
After returning to Beijing, Mao went straight to his father's bedroom, Mao Zedong. Mao Anying said: "Dad, I want to go to Korea and follow Uncle Peng to fight." ”
Chairman Mao, who had always loved this child, was very relieved to hear this answer, saying: "You tell me why you are going to war." ”
Mao Anying said: "I studied foreign languages in the Soviet Union, and I also know tank machine guns, and I also participated in the Great Patriotic War. ”
Chairman Mao smiled and said, "This is my good son." ”
Which father would like to send himself to the battlefield of guns and bullets, but Chairman Mao agreed to his son's request and decided to speak to Peng Dehuai face to face.
When Peng Dehuai learned that Mao Anying had gone to Korea first, he said that he did not agree to the breaking of the sky, he pointed to Mao Anying's chest and said:
"Don't think I don't know, your brother Mao Anqing has always been in poor health, and your other brother Mao Anlong disappeared in Shanghai, didn't he?" Now it's just you who stays with your dad. ”
Since Peng Dehuai did not agree, Chairman Mao could only say it himself, and even invited Peng Dehuai to have a meal.
Chairman Mao said, "Mr. Peng, you know Kishiying's character, so let him follow you." ”
Peng Dehuai said helplessly: "Okay, but there is a condition, all orders are subject to command." ”
Before sending troops to Korea in mid-October 1950, Peng Dehuai arranged a post for Mao Anying to be his own translation secretary, and Peng Dehuai said that Mao Anying was the first volunteer soldier to sign up for him.
Before leaving, Mao Anying also went to say goodbye to his wife.
A year ago, Mao Anying and Liu Siqi held a wedding in Zhongnanhai, the two people fell in love with Xibaipo, the relationship was very good, the newlywed Yan'er went to the battlefield, Mao Anying had a very complicated heart.
That night, Mao Anying rode his bicycle to the hospital to visit his wife, when Liu Siqi had just had appendicitis surgery, quietly reading a book in bed, saw Mao Anying push the door in, and said in surprise: "How did you come?" ”
Mao Anying said, "I'm going to a long distance tomorrow on a business trip to say goodbye to you." ”
Liu Siqi felt very strange, and she asked, "How long are you going?" ”
Mao Anying did not give a specific time, but said: "In short, it will take a long time, then the place is far away, if you have not received my letter, don't worry." ”
Liu Siqi was very confused, but did not ask anything more, Mao Anying instructed three points, first, to visit his father in the hospital every week, second, to take care of Mao Anqing for her, and third, to complete his studies on time.
Liu Siqi knew that even if Mao Anying didn't say it, she would do these three things well.
Years later, Liu Siqi recalled that Mao Anying bowed deeply to her at the door before leaving. At that time, she had never imagined that this difference would actually be a lifetime.
The sacrifice is so magnificent that history is rare
On the morning of November 25, 1950, Mao Anying, then the confidential secretary of the Volunteer Army Headquarters, was working intensely in Dayudong when suddenly the roar of enemy aircraft came from above.
"Quick, hidden!"
The guards dragged Commander-in-Chief Peng Dehuai toward the air raid shelter, and everyone had just entered the air raid shelter when they suddenly heard a burst of explosions outside, accompanied by high temperature and heat, a burst of fire.
It turned out that the enemy had dropped not ordinary bombs, but napalm bombs, and everywhere they went, there was a sea of fire, accompanied by a deafening explosion, and the entire war room had been charred.
Yang Feng'an, then Peng Dehuai's military secretary, once recalled: "One hundred and eighty napalm bombs have come down from the sky. After falling, the house was a sea of fire. ”
Peng Dehuai asked in the air raid shelter: "Everyone pulled it out, right?" The guard said, "It should all be withdrawn." ”
On the eve of the entry into the DPRK in October 1950, Mao Anying (second from the left in the back row) and his comrades-in-arms took a group photo at the Dandong Martyrs' Cemetery. This is the last image he left behind before his death
A few tens of minutes later, the enemy plane left, the fire outside had been extinguished, Peng Dehuai just walked out, he heard several cries and shouts, Yang Feng'an ran over and said: "General Manager Peng, we sacrificed two comrades." ”
"Who?"
Yang Feng'an said: "It is Secretary Gao and Secretary Liu. ”
Hearing the three words "Secretary Liu", Peng Dehuai subconsciously softened his legs and almost did not stand, because he knew that Secretary Liu was the working name used by Mao Anying.
Mao Anying was sacrificed.
"Secretary Liu has no information, who is Secretary Liu?"
Peng Dehuai did not speak, but closely conveyed the battle order, and then returned to the office, according to the recollection of insiders, Peng Dehuai stayed in the office for half a day, wrote a telegram to Beijing, this telegram reported the death of Mao Anying, only a few 114 words, he wrote for more than an hour.
Then Mao An Yingming withdrew, why did he die?
One of the comrades who worked at the headquarters with Mao Anying was Xu Muyuan, who recalled that in that fierce air attack, the powerful air waves of the enemy's petrol bombs washed him down, and Mao Anying rushed out of the office, as if he forgot to take something, and then returned to look for it. When Mao Anying was searched, two charred bodies were found.
Hong Xuezhi also recorded some details in the book "Memories of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea", saying: "I had breakfast very early that day, and after the meal, Mao Anying went up the mountain with us to evacuate, and I don't know why he ran back to the house again. ”
What the situation was like at that time, Peng Dehuai made a detailed report in the telegram. In 2020, the cable was made public for the first time, revealing the details of it.
The full text of the telegram is:
The Central Military Commission (CMC) and Gao (post) and He (Jinnian):
We entered the bomb shelter at seven o'clock today, and Mao Anying was in the house with three staff officers. At 11 o'clock, the 4 of them returned to the house, and suddenly four enemy planes came and dropped nearly a hundred incendiary bombs, hitting the house, and two staff officers ran out. Mao Anying and Gao Ruixin did not run out in time and were burned to death. Other no losses.
Shiji November 25 at 16:00
Figure | Peng Dehuai in North Korea
From Peng Dehuai's telegram, we can extract three key points: First, the enemy has dropped hundreds of incendiary bombs, which is an important reason for the fire of the headquarters. Second, Mao Anying and Gao Ruixin were killed by a 2,000-degree fire because they did not run out of the house, and the sacrifice process was extremely heroic. Third, the reason why Mao Anying did not run out must have been to go back to get important items, and "no other loss" shows the greatness of Comrade Mao Anying.
In the famous movie "Changjin Lake", there is a plot of Mao Anying's sacrifice, when Mao Anying found that there was an important map that he did not take, he went back to get it, but he was sacrificed in the sea of fire.
Subsequently, Peng Dehuai ordered a rapid rescue, the soldiers began to inspect the burned room, at first no one found the body, Peng Dehuai learned of it, the circles of his eyes were red, and he could not believe this fact.
Soon, two bodies were finally found, one of which relied on a watch to determine that it was Mao Anying's body, which was the watch he asked his mother-in-law Zhang Wenqiu to borrow before he went abroad.
Before Mao Anying's death, few people knew his status as a soldier, or basically no one knew, and his comrades-in-arms only thought that he was an ordinary soldier, only remembering that he often wrote letters to his family, and his comrades-in-arms consulted him about the appearance of Tiananmen Square in Beijing.
However, when Peng Dehuai's telegram reached Beijing, it was suppressed by the attentive Premier Zhou. At that time, considering Chairman Mao's poor health, if he hastily said this news, I was afraid that it would affect his health.
By the time Chairman Mao saw the telegram, it was already a month later, and the time had already reached 1951.
On that day, Ye Zilong received an order from Premier Zhou to show the telegram to Chairman Mao, who said, "It is not a way to keep it a secret, so show it to the chairman." ”
Ye Zilong clearly remembered that when Chairman Mao saw this telegram, his expression was wooden, the corners of his mouth were trembling, he wanted to say something but could not say it, his heart was suppressed with pain, he buried his face very low, there were no tears on his face, and there was no expression.
Li Jiaji, who served as Chairman Mao's guard for 13 years, later recalled:
Chairman Mao felt very sudden when he heard it, he wanted to go get a cigarette, and then take a match to light a cigarette, press a matchbox in front of him, and he also searched hard in his pocket... His eyes were tearful, and no one could see that he was crying, but we all knew that he had more tears than we did, because it was his beloved son who was sacrificed.
About halfway through, Chairman Mao raised his head slightly, and said to the people around him: "Fighting a war always kills people, and Kishi Ying is only a member of thousands of volunteers, so don't take it as a big thing just because it is my son." ”
Yang Shangkun wrote in his diary:
The news of Kishi's death had to be made public that day, and Li Desheng sighed and said, "The thousands of people who sacrificed can't just take care of this one." It's over, needless to say. "The spirit is great, but the actual blow is not small."
Judging from Yang Shangkun's diary, his description should be realistic, which father will not be sad to learn of his son's sacrifice? Chairman Mao only suppressed the pain in his heart and endured it alone.
Two months after Mao Anying's death, Mr. Zhou Shizhao went to Zhongnanhai to visit Chairman Mao, and Chairman Mao and his friends said, "As the chairman of the CPC Central Committee, I have a son, and if I don't send him to defend my family and defend the country, who will I send?" ”
In a word, it reflects a father's deep sustenance for his son, and even the evaluation of the mountain, and even the pride of Mao Anying's sacrifice.
Father's love is like a mountain, and Mao Anying sacrificed three things
First thing: Leave Mao Anying's body in North Korea.
In 1953, the volunteers returned to China one after another, and Zhou Enlai made a report to Chairman Mao in person about Mao Anying's body, and everyone meant to transport Mao Anying's body back to China and bury it with Yang Kaihui.
However, Chairman Mao adhered to President Peng's opinion, chose to leave Mao Anying's body in Korea and buried it with the soldiers, and said: Qingshan buries loyal bones everywhere, why should Ma Ge wrap the body back.
In a word, it embodies the great father's love, and as Chairman Mao said, Mao Anying is only one of thousands of volunteers.
The second thing: urge Liu Siqi to remarry.
In addition, Chairman Mao was also very concerned about Mao Anying's widow, Liu Siqi.
When the two married in 1949, Liu Siqi was not yet 20 years old and was still in school, since Mao Anying died, Chairman Mao has always been concerned about Liu Siqi's growth, and hoped that Liu Siqi would not delay himself and remarry as soon as possible.
In 1959, when Liu Siqi graduated from basic university, Chairman Mao took this matter out again, and even specifically said to Liu Siqi: You live as a person, your father is very uneasy in his heart, the child is obedient, let your father find you an object!
In a letter to Liu Siqi, he wrote:
It's time to make a decision, be unsettled, lose cleanly, and make up your mind to get married.
Liu Siqi, who has always missed Mao Anying, accepted his father's suggestion, but there was a condition, that is, to go to Korea to visit Mao Anying's grave.
Just after the Spring Festival in 1959, Liu Siqi, accompanied by her sister Shao Hua, set off from Beijing to the martyrs' cemetery in Jungcang, North Korea.
Mao Anying's tomb is ordinary, simple and simple, seeing the big characters of "Mao An's Tomb of Comrade Mao An", Liu Siqi pounced in front of the tomb and could no longer control his tears.
One year after the new marriage, Mao Anying went to the battlefield, and her love for Mao Anying was unswerving to death.
At the moment of Mao Anying, Liu Siqi almost fainted, he could not stand up for a long time, and his sister Shao Hua also said: "Brother-in-law Anying, my sister and father are very good, you can rest assured." ”
After returning to Beijing, Chairman Mao entrusted people to appease Liu Siqi while looking for a boyfriend for Liu Siqi, and someone introduced Chairman Mao to Chairman Maozhi, an outstanding young man from the Air Force Academy.
In February 1962, Liu Siqi and Yang Maozhi were married in Beijing, and on the same day, Chairman Mao also entrusted someone to send gifts to express his instructions to Liu Siqi, which was also considered to be the completion of Chairman Mao's heart.
Soon, Liu Siqi's child was born, and Liu Siqi named the child "Yang Xiaoying", which is to commemorate Mao Anying's name.
According to reports, from Liu Siqi to North Korea to visit the grave, until the 21st century, she has gone to North Korea 7 times to visit the grave.
Chairman Mao had instructed him to visit the place where Mao Anying had died, and Liu Siqi had always kept his father's teachings in mind, but this wish had not been realized until many years later, when Chairman Mao had passed away.
Liu Siqi said: "When I went, Dayu Cave was already covered with vegetation, and in the dense pine forest, he brought back a pine pagoda and a bunch of soil, she said, if time has a memory, these things are the last things that Mao Anying left in the world." ”
The third thing: quietly treasure Mao Anying's relics.
It was many years after Chairman Mao's death that the General Office of the Central Committee informed Liu Siqi to identify the relics. It was in a small cupboard in Chairman Mao's bedroom in Zhongnanhai, and some clothes were neatly placed.
The white shirt had turned yellow, the gray-white socks had been stripped off, and there was a relatively thin military uniform, which was obviously not Chairman Mao's clothes.
When Liu Siqi arrived, she cried because she recognized it at a glance, it was Mao Anying's relic.
Chairman Mao secretly hid his son's relics from everyone, and Liu Siqi cried and said, "I can't imagine how many sleepless nights my father spent alone in the Juxiang Bookstore in Zhongnanhai. ”
Since then, Liu Siqi has been deeply moved, he specially went to museums across the country to commemorate Chairman Mao, in 2003, when Liu Siqi, who is 70 years old, visited Mao Zedong's former residence in Shanghai, he felt that there was a lack of physical objects here, so he donated Mao Anying's relics here.
Someone asked her, after so many years, do you still miss Mao Anying? She replied that I had been thinking about Kishi, but now that I was old, I had been reluctant to take out his relics because I had too much affection for it, and now I also wish "it" had a home.
Today, Mao Anying has left us for 72 years, but his sacrifice has made the most special testimony to the history experienced by New China.
Today, more than 70 years later, the mountains and rivers are unharmed, and the eyes of 1.4 billion Chinese people are looking at the martyrs who sacrificed like Mao Anying, and they have issued a deafening cry in their hearts: People's heroes are immortal!
The shore of Xiangshui, Yingmu Cangcang; In a foreign land, the soul returns to its hometown.