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"Dynamic Vision: Oppo and Dynamic Art Collection from the Tate Gallery" exhibition site. Edited by Lu Linhan (01:21)
"We want the audience to show interest, to shake off the shackles and relax. We want them to get involved..." This is the manifesto issued by the "Visual Arts Research Group" (GRAV) at the Paris Biennale in 1963.
At the entrance of the exhibition hall on the second floor of the Pudong Art Museum, British artist Jim Lambie's colorful "Zobop" responds to GRAV's declaration and allows the audience to consciously enter the "dynamic vision".
On September 30th, following the opening exhibition "Light: Tate Art Museum Collection", Pudong Art Museum once again joined hands with the Tate Art Museum in the United Kingdom to launch "Dynamic Vision: Opp and Dynamic Art Collection from Tate Art Museum". With 120 exhibits, including paintings, reliefs, sculptures, installations, videos and other art forms, the exhibition revisits OPPLE and dynamic art from a global perspective.
At the entrance of the exhibition, Jim Lambby's "Zobop" introduces the audience to the exhibition hall
Walking on top of Jim Lambby's work, the geometric patterns on the floor make people forget that they are in the art museum, but open a record in the unreal space, as if the boundary has disappeared.
This is the first work in the "Dynamic Horizons" exhibition, the author was born in 1964, in addition to being an influential visual artist, but also a musician. The crossover between art, art and other disciplines, formed the background of the birth of Op Art in the 1950s and 1960s. Jim Lambby was born at the time of the occurrence of Oppe art, when many artists began to incorporate the perspectives of mathematics, scientific research, and color theory into their work. They believe that the audience is not a passive viewer, but an active participant, in contact with art in real time and space. Their work often creates complex visual sensations by stimulating the viewer's perception of shapes, colors, and patterns.
Therefore, when entering the exhibition hall, the light clearly felt is weaker than that of the general exhibition, and the audience is faced with a dazzling darkness. The first work in the exhibition hall, "Supernova", comes from Victor Vasarely (1908-1997), who is considered the father of op art and the perfect intermediary between the dynamic art of Alexander Calder, Jean-Tinggley, Marcel Duchamp and the pop art of Andy Warhol.
In the exhibition, two works by Victor Vassarelli, left is "Supernova" (1959-1961)
Visual illusions guide the audience to participate in art
"OPPLE Art" is simply a visual effect and illusion created by simple lines, geometric figures and transformed colors.
Supernova is a visual game that Vassarelli plays with the viewer, a work of 1161 small black squares that look at from different angles and see dynamic changes similar to movement and flipping. "Motion is not to depict a moving object, but rather, it is a 'provocation of a structure hitting the retina'." Vassarelli said.
The first part of the exhibition, from the "Visual Arts Research Group" into the exhibition.
After Vazarrell, in 1961 a group of young artists from all over the world formed the "Research Group on the Visual Arts" in Paris, whose pioneering figures included the French artists Jean-Pierre Ibarra and François Morley, the Spanish artist Francisco Sobrino, and the Argentine artist Julio Le Parque. Their works are also presented in the exhibition and exude a similar atmosphere.
Julio Le Parc, Constant Movement, Constant Light, 1963
Julio Le Parque is listed separately in the exhibition, and he moved to Paris in 1958, where he met artists such as Victor Valsarelli, influenced by which he created the "Continuous Movement" installation, which subsequently expanded his research into three-dimensional space and introduced motion and light. He is passionate about using light and mirrors to reflect the space in which the work is located and to allow the audience invited to interact with him to rediscover himself. In the exhibition, "Blue Sphere" is located in a separate space, and light is reflected freely on the surface of the sphere, creating an unstable visual perception and guiding the audience to participate in art with experimental exploration.
Exhibition site, Julio Le Parker's Blue Sphere
Artists rethink their social roles, and they begin to oppose the perception of artists as "geniuses" and to create art that is in direct contact with the public. This view has also been echoed around the world, with The Responsive Eye at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1965 being one of the first to capture new trends in Opple art, "visual" or "retina" art.
At the exhibition site, the "Eye of Response" section featured Walter LeBron's "Torque" (1965) and other works.
The trend of op art has gradually spread to the world, and in South America, Jasús Raphael Soto has opened up a practical method to overlap two pieces of plexiglass painted with patterns, so that the patterns are interconnected between the front and back plexiglass plates, and under the action of multiple light colors and dynamics, the magical dream effect is produced. When the viewer moves his gaze, every moment is dynamic because of the flickering of the waves of the light effect. In the Middle East and other places, the practice of many artists collided with OPP art.
Exhibition Site, Jesus Rafael Soto, Twelve Pieces of Black and Four Pieces of Silver (middle)
In Britain, the "constructivism" that arose in the early 1950s was also related to op art, abandoning the idea of creating illusions in two-dimensional space, and instead forming a dynamic new relationship with the physical environment by creating three-dimensional objects.
Exhibition site
The Paris "Movement" exhibition began, and the world echoed the "dynamic art"
Dynamic art is closely related to OPPLE art, and this type of creation includes works of art that use electric motors, moving parts, and various energy sources to challenge the static mode of art. In 1955, Le mouvement was held at the Denis René gallery in Paris and is widely regarded as a milestone event in the development of dynamic art. Curated by artists Vassarelli with Pondou Hurdane, Roger Bautier and Denis René, the exhibition showcases the work of eight artists of different eras. Participating artists include Duchamp, Calder and a group of young artists such as Paul Bree, Jesus Rafael Soto, Jean Dingley and Victor Valsarelli.
The 1955 exhibition brought together a series of works that used mechanical or optical elements to alter the work itself and thus the viewer's perception of it. Calder's dynamic sculptures and Duchamp's turntable are the biggest highlights of the exhibition. These artists were pioneers in the study and development of dynamic art. Naum Gabo's Dynamic Structure (Standing Waves) (1919-1920) was also featured in the exhibition as an early representative of dynamic art.
A number of works from the 1955 Paris "Movement" exhibition (Le mouvement) are gathered at the Pudong Art Museum.
Nearly 70 years later, the Pudong Museum's exhibition hall is home to many works from the time, such as Naum Gabo's "Dynamic Structure (Standing Wave)" in a small glass box, through a small white button, the audience can touch the vibration caused by the electric wave.
Naum Gabo's "Dynamic Structure (Standing Wave)" in the exhibition.
The soaring Calder's Antenna with Red and Blue Dots encourages dynamic interaction between art and the audience, the American sculptor or one of the most familiar artists in the exhibition for Chinese audiences. He was fascinated by making works that changed shape while moving slowly in the air and invented the term "dynamic sculpture" to describe these works.
Alexander Calder, "Antennas with Red and Blue Dots"
The artist group "ZERO" founded in Düsseldorf and the influential artist group "Signal" in London are the best witnesses to the development of dynamic art.
The unmissable Room of Light (Jena) in the exhibition comes from Otto Pinet, who co-founded Zero with Heinz Mark, a new art form that is shared in the direction of exploring the future, and they have also established extensive contacts with international artists from Japan, North and South America, including Yayoi Kusama, Jasús Rafael Soto and others.
The Room of Light (Jena) is an immersive installation that creates a "ballet" of light through the transparency of perforated templates and 5 independent electroluminescent sculptures, showing Pione's interest in light and an important work of the artist group "Zero".
Otto Pinet, The Room of Light (Jena)
The London artist group "Signal" takes its name from a series of sculptures by Greek artist Takis. He was a pioneer of dynamic art, adept at creating a dynamic sculptural form through electromagnetic fields. In the exhibition, many works such as Takis's "Signal", "Electromagnetic Music", "Magnetic Ballet" and so on use the immaterial properties of magnetism, gravity, motion and energy to create interactive. He believes that the essence of all things lurks outside the visual, and the audience can experience the energy beyond the material nature in a careful taste.
The exhibition site, from the London artist group "Signal" to tell the story of dynamic art in London, later for Takis's work "Magnetic Ballet"
A group of works by Takis in the exhibition, "Signal" in the middle and "Electromagnetic Music" on the right
Takis "Electromagnetic Music" (partial)
It is an academic and experiential exhibition that reconstructs OPP and Dynamic Art in 11 sections into a genre followed by artists from different eras, regions and cultures. The common denominator is that while taking art into new dimensions, they all show a keen interest in stimulating the viewer's eyes and perceptions.
Exhibition site
The exhibition will run until May 21, 2023.