Author: 43rd floor editorial office Spirit one meter seven
Original Debut: Mom.com Parenting (ID:mmwyuer)
The process of pregnancy is like stepping on a rock across a rushing river, in order to reach the other shore safely, every step is careful, and a slight mistake can make the mothers tremble with fear.
Some time ago, Xie Na, who has always been shown as a "happy mother", shared her difficult experience of conceiving her second child in the new book "Na Let's Go", showing her rare fragility, anxiety, frustration but flesh and blood.
It turned out that Xie Na had been diagnosed with gestational diabetes during the obstetric examination, and the value was high, exceeding the normal value a lot.
Everyone knows that advanced childbearing itself comes with great risks, and this news is undoubtedly worse for her 40-year-old pregnancy.
In order to allow the baby in the belly to be born safely, Xie Na strictly controlled her diet throughout the pregnancy, monitored blood sugar in real time according to the doctor's instructions, and vomited continuously due to serious physical discomfort during the period.
It was difficult to control sugar successfully, a wave of rise, the child was just born, because of the lack of oxygen inhaled by the lungs amniotic fluid, jaundice is high, was sent to the incubator for 7 days.
These 7 days are not long, but for Xie Na, it seems to be tortured like a year, when she can be said to be helpless, and can only ensure nutrition through hard food and ensure that she has adequate breast milk.
It was not until the eighth day, seeing the child drink milk in her arms, that her hanging heart finally landed.
At this moment, this steady sense of happiness soothed her anxious soul for the past few days.
Xie Na on the screen talks about the joy brought by children, but she does not know that behind many seemingly light clouds and light winds, bright and beautiful, it is the heartache and suffering that clenches her teeth and carries it with maternal love.
Some netizens will even question that this disease is very common, and it will not be too trivial to talk about the disease at every turn...
Image source: Weibo
In this regard, Xiaobian wants to correct a point: although gestational diabetes is common, if it is not treated as it should be, the danger cannot be underestimated!
The importance and caution that should be given to the disease cannot be stigmatized with the title of "temperament".
Today, Xiaobian will come to justify the name of "temperament", pick a good thorn of gestational diabetes, hoping to help the sisters, "flexible" to hide from this avoidable minefield.
1
What is gestational diabetes?
Who is more likely to get it?
Gestational diabetes is actually divided into two types. One is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and the other is pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus pregnancy, which generally has a high probability of occurrence.
The American Diabetes Association defines (GDM) as diabetes mellitus diagnosed in the second and third trimester of pregnancy and without overt diabetes mellitus before pregnancy.
Most pregnant women with gestational diabetes do not have significant symptoms, and a small number of people may have symptoms of polydipsia and frequent urination.
During pregnancy, the hormone levels in the pregnant mother's body change, making it difficult to effectively process blood sugar.
Especially in the middle and late stages, the insulin resistance in pregnant women increases (such as placental prolactin, progesterone, estrogen, etc.), which weakens the sensitivity of pregnant women to insulin, and insulin secretion is relatively insufficient, which in turn leads to basal metabolic disorders and increased blood sugar in the body.
This is why gestational diabetes is one of the most common complications of the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.
The following people are at greater risk of developing gestational diabetes, including:
- Pregnant women older than 35 years;
- Have preconception overweight and obesity, or high blood pressure ;
- Previously had gestational diabetes or prediabetes;
- Polycystic ovary syndrome;
- Immediate family members with a history of diabetes;
- Have previously given birth to a huge baby weighing more than 4 kg;
- Severe lack of physical activity.
If the pregnant mother has the above conditions, be sure to tell the doctor truthfully, and carry out gestational diabetes screening in advance (in the first trimester or the first pregnancy test), which is what we often call sugar screening.
If the glucose sieve results are not passed and the blood glucose level is higher than 7.8 mmol/L, a glucose tolerance test (glucose tolerance) will be done later to diagnose whether it is gestational diabetes.
2
Gestational diabetes mellitus
What are the effects on pregnant women and fetuses?
Poor blood sugar control during pregnancy may cause irreparable harm to both mother and baby.
For babies in the womb:
Gestational diabetes may cause macrosomia, fetal malformations, neonatal hypoglycemia, respiratory distress syndrome, and a higher risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes as children grow up.
For pregnant women:
Gestational diabetes mellitus increases the risk of hyperhydramnios, ketoacidosis (malformed infants), miscarriage/preterm/dystocia/stillbirth, and gestational hypertension; The mother's high blood sugar may cause the fetus to grow too large, more likely to get stuck in the birth canal, and have birth injuries, which requires the conversion of a vaginal birth to a caesarean section.
Although these complications seem terrible, as long as they are detected early, controlled early, and treated early, the safety of mothers and children can be smoothly achieved under normal circumstances.
Therefore, regular obstetric examinations are really essential!
Glucose tolerance screening is the most important test in the obstetric examination at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy.
Pregnant women with no diabetes mellitus at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation should have a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, and GDM can be diagnosed when any of the following blood glucose values are reached or exceeded.
空腹: 5.1 mmol/L;1h: 10.0 mmol/L;2 h: 8.5 mmol/L。
Don't be lazy for a while and leave the necessary obstetric examination behind.
The bitter lesson of life is here: a 29-year-old pregnant woman lost her fetus when she was one week away from the due date, and she usually ate uncontrollably and did not have regular obstetric examinations, and the tragedy was thus caused
Source: Health Times
3
How to prevent gestational diabetes?
Gestational diabetes is actually affected by genetic factors, although there is no measure to ensure 100% prevention, but pregnant mothers can still start from what they can, to achieve scientific sugar control, develop healthy living habits!
1. Control diet
Eat less and eat more meals, food includes five major nutritional types, reasonable distribution, keep the diet diversified.
To control the intake of high-starch, high-refined sugar foods, you can choose high-fiber, low-fat and low-calorie foods as an alternative.
Eat more fresh fruits (low GI) and vegetables in moderation, control sweet drinks (such as milk tea) and high-sugar fruit intake, and eat less animal fat, barbecue, frying and other high-oil foods.
Pregnancy does not mean that all sweets should be completely avoided, but if you overindulge sugar intake, such as a cup of milk tea a day, not only will you draw out "milk tea blood", but also drink diabetes, almost premature birth:
Image source: Weibo
About eating fruit:
Recommended Eating:
- First trimester: avocados, oranges, oranges, mangoes, strawberries;
- Middle and third trimester: cherries, peaches, plums, grapefruit, apricots, pears and small tomatoes
Eat with caution: dates, sugar cane, lychees, longan, grapes, durian
Pregnant mothers can refer to the Balanced Diet Pagoda of the Chinese Nutrition Society to match their daily diet
⭐ In the first trimester, the amount of food is the same as that of the pregnancy:
Source: Chinese Nutrition Society
⭐ Second & Third Trimester:
Source: Chinese Nutrition Society
2. Exercise in moderation
Insisting on moderate exercise is conducive to converting excess sugar in the body into energy to be emitted. However, the amount of exercise should not be too large, exercise for 30-40 minutes a day, to achieve slight sweating.
If there is discomfort such as lower abdomen distension and tightness during exercise, remember to stop and rest, at this time, you must not resist the vigorous activity, and you must exercise moderately:
- Recommended sports: walking, yoga, maternity exercises, swimming, etc
- Not recommended: Climbing, horseback riding, skiing, ballball, diving, etc. that are more dangerous to squeeze the abdomen or fall
Note! For various safety reasons, pregnant mothers with cardiopulmonary disease, severe anemia, preeclampsia or pregnancy-induced hypertension, placenta previa in the first trimester, twin or multiple pregnancies should rest as much as possible and are not suitable for pregnancy exercise.
In case of really diagnosed diabetes, in fact, the above diet sugar control + exercise method is also applicable, in addition, "sugar mothers" also need to do blood glucose monitoring according to the doctor's instructions, and should see a doctor in time if they find abnormalities.
If you're planning to conceive and have a higher weight, losing weight early may help you conceive a healthier baby.
Another point that needs to be emphasized is that proper weight gain during pregnancy is normal and beneficial, so we must not over-diet and lose weight in disguise because of the obsession with sugar control!
In general, whether it is prevention or sugar control, the main thing is to do these 4 points: keep your mouth shut, open your legs, monitor your blood sugar regularly, and seek medical treatment if there is an abnormality.
Gestational diabetes is not a "catastrophe" and there is no need to worry about the sky.
But even if it is a hurdle that can be "easily" crossed, it is also worth seeing and understanding.
Whether it is a star or an ordinary person, speaking out for the hardships behind childbirth, how can they erase everything with arrogance?
Image source: Weibo
After all, in the face of childbirth, everyone is equal, remove all external aura, you and I, are flesh and blood, an ordinary mother.
Resources:
1. Today's perinatal Detailed inventory: Gestational diabetes, from definition, diagnosis to treatment of the latest points!
2. Gestational diabetes mellitus symptom pathogenesis https://www.mayoclinic.org
Text Author: 43rd Floor Editorial Office Spirit One Meter Seven. Pay attention to the mother network parenting (ID: mmwyuer), the mother and baby public account that 5 million mothers are watching, sharing practical parenting knowledge every day, so that you can become a better mother. Please contact Mom.com Parenting (ID: mmwyuer).
Editing in this issue: Spirit One Meter Seven.