Jin-Cha-Ji Dingxian Anti-Japanese Hero Biography (101) Founding General Zhang Ying: Creation of Armed Forces Behind Enemy Lines

Zhang Ying: The captain of the first armed engineering team behind enemy lines in Jizhong county, Dingxian County

Presumably, the older comrades are familiar with the red story legend of "Armed Forces Behind Enemy Lines" written by Feng Zhi, right? Jia Zheng and Wei Qiang were resourceful and brave, and they were out of nowhere, and they dealt a fierce blow to the Pugs, Hou Pickpockets, and other Japanese traitors, traitors, and spies. The storyline is vivid and tortuous, fascinating, blood-boiling and heart-pounding. But you may not know that the first armed engineering team behind enemy lines in Jizhong District and even in the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region was born in the Western Jujube Forest of Xicheng Village on the south bank of the Shahe River in Dingxian County!

According to the "Baoding Reader, Chapter III: Smoke and Smoke of War, Anti-Japanese Flames" of the "Baoding Local Chronicle Network", the full name of the armed engineering team behind the enemy lines is the armed task force behind the enemy lines, which was a kind of elite armed organization that went deep behind enemy lines to carry out military, political, economic, and cultural struggles under the leadership of the Cpc during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and was first produced in the Jin-Cha-Ji anti-Japanese base area. The first armed workers were established in Xicheng Village, Dingxian County, the Seventh Subdistrict of Jizhong District.

"Memoirs of Lü Zhengcao" and "Memoirs of Jizhong" also confirm this. General Lü Zhengcao recalled: "In the anti-'sweep', the seventh sub-district of Jizhong first produced the form of a martial arts brigade. The first armed workers were formed on May 13, 1942, in the jujube forest of Xicheng Village on the south bank of the Shahe River in Dingxian County. The captain and secretary is Zhang Ying (successor Pan Chun)... It played an important role in persisting in the anti-Japanese struggle under cruel circumstances. ”

Who is this Zhang Ying? What was his experience? What kind of ending is it? Below, we will understand the legendary life of Comrade Zhang Ying:

A brief introduction to Zhang Yingqi's life and life

According to an article written by Murong Rong entitled "Zhang Ying and the Jizhong Wugong Brigade", after the 1942 Japanese Kou "May Day" sweep, in order to smash the enemy's conspiracy and preserve the living forces, the Seventh Sub-district of Jizhong District decided to take the lead in setting up a armed engineering brigade behind enemy lines, go deep into the enemy-occupied areas, disintegrate and destroy the puppet regime, and open up base areas. The secretary of the district party committee set his sights on a modest young man with a square face,-Zhang Ying, chief of the enemy engineering section of the Second Guerrilla Corps. This is a hot-blooded man in his early 20s, with good skills, accurate marksmanship, and courage and strategy in fighting. The secretary walked up to Zhang Ying, patted him on the shoulder, and said with trust: "Zhang Ying, in the future, the work of the armed workers' brigade will be under your responsibility, and only by creating a new form of survival and struggle can we give the enemy a resolute and persistent blow." ”

This Comrade Zhang Ying is amazing. According to today's headline "The Difference Between Armed Workers and Guerrillas" published on May 9, 2019, the members of the armed workers' brigade are carefully selected among the full-time cadres such as enemy workers, hoeers, and reconnaissance who have long-term actual combat training and superb killing skills, as well as the platoon commanders and combat backbones of the Eighth Route Army. "Both the captains of the armed engineering team are double guns, some are two short guns, some are one long and one short, and the short guns are basically the most powerful box guns at that time, and the long guns are both relatively short and easy to conceal and carry, as well as submachine guns that are relatively rare during the War of Resistance. Comrade Zhang Ying possessed such a high political and military comprehensive quality, and was such a combat backbone and "big man" who was then the chief of the enemy engineering section of the Political Department of the Second Guerrilla Corps of the Seventh Sub-district of the Jizhong Military Region.

The article "A Sharp Sword Straight into the Heart of the Enemy-Occupied Areas -- Armed Workers Behind enemy Lines" published by the Beijing Municipal Archives Information Network on July 24, 2017 also confirmed the above statement. According to his introduction, although the armed workers' brigade is the head of the word "wu," the political propaganda of putting the heart first is indeed an important part of the work of the armed workers' brigade. The armed workers behind the enemy lines set very high demands on the political qualities of their personnel; they must not only have a comprehensive grasp of the party's policies and tactics in the struggle against the enemy, but also have the ability to give speeches, write slogans, and be good at doing enemy work and mass work. Therefore, the Political Department of the 129th Division has clearly stipulated that the captain of the armed workers' brigade must be a political work cadre, and he must be a cadre at or above the battalion level, and the political commissar must be a cadre at or above the regiment level. Because it is necessary to go deep into the dangerous enemy-occupied areas to carry out work, the Jizhong Military Region has equipped every member of the armed forces with sophisticated weapons and equipment. Basically, each person had one or two short guns, and one of them must have been a German-style Mauser pistol that was very popular at that time, which was commonly known as the "box gun". Li Xiangyang, a guerrilla leader with two guns and a hundred shots in the famous legendary thrilling movie "Plain Guerrilla", also confirmed the "tall" weapon standard of the martial arts team members at that time.

According to the "Zhang Ying, Captain of the Armed Workers Behind Enemy Lines" forwarded by the "People's Network" on May 29, 2005, Zhang Ying (October 1921 - September 2008, aged 87 - Editor's Note), formerly known as Zhang Shaohua, was born in October 1921, a native of Xizhuang, Xingbeiying Township, Hejian County, Hebei Province. He joined the revolution in April 1938 and joined the Communist Party of China in May 1939.

During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zhang Ying successively served as a soldier of the Eighth Route Army, a propagandist of the Regimental Political Department, an officer of the Enemy Engineering Department of the Jizhong Military Region, the chief of the Regiment's Enemy Engineering Unit, the chief of the Enemy Engineering Section of the Second Guerrilla Corps in Jizhong Province, the chief of the Reconnaissance Section of the Seventh Military Subdistrict, and the chief of staff of the 22nd Regiment of the Jizhong Military Region. In 1942, when the Japanese army carried out a major sweep of the Jizhong region on May Day, he served as the captain of the armed workers behind enemy lines and the secretary of the party branch of the Seventh Sub-district of the Jizhong Military Region, leading the armed workers to persist in the struggle behind the enemy lines, publicize the party's principles and policies, closely rely on the masses of the people, do mass work, establish the belief that the war of resistance must be victorious, crack down on the enemy and the evil, restore and consolidate the revolutionary regime, and in May 1943, he was seriously wounded in the battle in the village of Wangcun in Dingxian County, and also left a precious photo of the "fortress household" masses taking care of Zhang Ying's injuries.

During the Liberation War, Zhang Ying successively served as chief of staff of the 31st Regiment of the Third Column of North China, chief of the Operations Section of the Eighth Independent Brigade of the Hebei Central Military Region, director of the Enemy Engineering Department of the Eighth Column of the North China Military Region, deputy brigade commander of the Supplementary Training Brigade of the 65th Army, director of the Political Department of the Independent 31st Division, and political commissar of the 193rd Division. In 1948, when he participated in the Pingjin Campaign, as a representative of the Communist Party, he took over the 16th Army under the reorganization of the Kuomintang Fu Zuoyi's department. He also participated in the Battle of Lanzhou and the Battle of Ningxia.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhang Ying entered the Korean War in 1950 and participated in the Fifth Campaign to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. He successively served as chief of staff of the 193rd Division of the 65th Army, commander and political commissar of the Teaching Regiment, and first deputy commander of the 194th Division. In 1954, he was transferred to the Basic Department of Nanjing Military Academy as the fourth and sixth class teachers. He was awarded the rank of colonel in 1955. In 1957, he was transferred to the senior department of Nanjing Military Academy, and graduated in 1959 and was awarded the rank of colonel. It can be said that Comrade Zhang Ying is an out-and-out "founding colonel."

　　In 1960, Zhang Ying was transferred Chinese the 21st Base (Xinjiang) of the National Defense Science and Technology Commission of the People's Liberation Army as deputy commander and chief of staff, and participated in the organization and leadership of nuclear tests. In March 1970, he was transferred to the People's Liberation Army National Defense Science and Technology Commission as deputy secretary-general and deputy chief of staff, and participated in the organization and implementation of the scientific research experiment of "two bombs and one satellite". Lasting more than 20 years, he personally experienced major organizational test tasks such as the first atomic bomb, the first hydrogen bomb, the first underground nuclear test, and the first intercontinental missile launch on the mainland.

In 1985, Zhang Ying left his post to recuperate. On September 18, 1999, as a special representative, he participated in the "two bombs and one satellite" awarding meeting of the CPC Central Committee (according to the news of the "death of Comrade Zhang Ying" on December 21, 2008 by the People's Liberation Army Daily: Comrade Zhang Ying retired as a regular military adviser to the headquarters of the National Defense Science and Technology Industry Commission, and died in Beijing on September 25, 2008 due to ineffective medical treatment, at the age of 87).

To add to this, because the mainland once interrupted the evaluation of military ranks, and only in 1988 did it restore the rank system, according to the comprehensive consideration of Comrade Zhang Ying's qualifications, achievements, merits, positions and other factors, if Comrade Zhang Ying catches up with the re-evaluation of military ranks, it is basically "sitting in the middle of the ranks", that is, the rank of major general is absolutely no problem, and it is likely to be awarded the rank of lieutenant general. Therefore, we can say that Comrade Zhang Ying is a "combat hero", "founding colonel", and "general without title".