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We say that "Water Margin" has created a group of heroes and praised the heroes' resistance struggle. So, in what ways does this tendency to think manifest itself?
First, from the perspective of the character image created by the work. The very important contribution of "Water Margin" is that in the gallery of classical Chinese literature, a large number of heroic characters who can stand, stand and are deeply loved by the broad masses of the people have been created. From these figures, we can see the spirit of resistance of the oppressed and persecuted middle- and lower-class people, their resolute struggle against evil forces such as traitors and corrupt officials and local bullies, and the indomitable heroism and arrogance of the heroes. The heroism of Wu Song fighting tigers has been passed down from generation to generation. Lu Zhi's chivalrous courage in seeing uneven punches and helping each other fits the psychology of the vulnerable masses seeking protection spiritually. Li Kui's dream of rescuing the plundered woman from the hands of a bully reflects the justice embodied in the heroes of Liangshan.
The second is from the storyline of the work. There are many plots that clearly reflect the sense of justice and pride of the Water Margin characters. For example, from planning, liaison, implementation to the end, it reflects the injustice of this robbed wealth and the sense of justice of Chao Gai and others who robbed this wealth. When Liu Tang came to report to Chao Gai, he said: "The younger brother thinks that this is a set of ill-gotten gains, what is the obstacle!" You can discuss a reason, go halfway to take it, and Heaven knows it, and it is not a sin. "The people who participated in the event gathered, they burned incense and set up a case, and formally held a ceremony," said each one, "Liang Zhongshu harmed the people in Beijing, cheated money and goods, but went to Tokyo to celebrate the birthday of Master Cai Taishi, this kind of money is ill-gotten wealth, I and other six people, but there are selfish intentions, the heavens and the earth are destroyed, and the gods are discerning." That is to say, in their hearts, this is not a matter of wealth, but a righteous thing. In the process of implementation, they were so cleverly organized, although Yang Zhi was very careful, afraid of being fooled by others, and finally did not hide from the design of this group of good men. Especially at the beginning of the robbery activities, Bai Sheng deliberately let Bai Sheng carry the barrel to sing "The red sun is like a fire, the wild field rice is half scorched, the farmer's heart is like a soup, and the prince and grandson shake the fan", which clearly expresses the division and opposition of the class and sublimates the theme of the robbery. After turning Yang Zhi and the others upside down, "The seven guests who sold dates stood next to the pine tree, pointed at the fifteen people and said, 'Fall down, pour down!' Finally, the heroes "threw all the dates on the cart on the ground, and put the eleven cartons of gold jewelry in the car, covered it up, and shouted: 'Noisy! I looked all the way down to the yellow mud gang and pushed it down. In this way, the joy of the seven heroes after the success of the robbery is written vividly, which is the joy of the heroes, but also the joy of the author. This fully shows that if Liang Shanbo was still a standard robber in the Wang Lun period, after the Chao Gai era, it was a team with its own route and pursuit, and its nature has changed.
The third is to look at the typical environment in which the hero is located. Lin Chong was the leader of the Forbidden Army, and his position made him valued, and he would not have gone up the mountain and fallen into the grass without gao Qi's persecution. Although Wang Jin did not become a member of Liangshan, his suffering was not much better than Lin Chong's. An upright and talented officer, under the deliberate persecution of evil officials, had to flee. In such a situation, resistance reflects the true character of the hero. Xie Zhen Xie Bao and Mao Taigong, ostensibly because of a tiger fighting. Mao Taigong's voice is not good, and Xie Zhen Xiebao's usual use of guns and sticks may not be much liked. The Mao family looked for Wang Kongmu to do tricks, Xie Zhen Xiebao looked for Sun Lisun to save him, and the two families used their own means. But as long as you see that it was Mao Taigong's family who was unkind and unjust, and they actually opened the joints to kill the Xie Zhen Xie Treasure that was not wrong at all, this vicious face was exposed. At a glance, the clear-eyed people know that this is not a senseless struggle between two families, but a struggle between persecution and anti-persecution, a struggle between oppression and oppression.
The fourth is to look at the emotions that naturally flow between the lines. For example, the author's description of Huang Wenbing. Huang Tongjue, from the position of the ruling class, demanded that Song Jiang, who wrote anti-poetry, be punished, which was his "loyalty" to the Great Song Dynasty, but we see everywhere the novel's vilification of this character. The reason for this is obvious, Huang Wenbing's maintenance of the official government also protects the interests of the corrupt official clique represented by Gao Qi and Cai Jing, and he is the enemy of liangshan heroes. Since the good men of Liangshan represent righteousness, then of course their opposites represent evil qi, and of course they must be scandalized by the author. Supposedly, from a superficial, direct point of view, politics and morality are two different things, and there are people of good character in either camp. But as far as the novel is concerned, it needs to express its deep hatred for the dark forces through the moral vilification of specific characters. For the good men of Liangshan, the author often adds good words unconsciously, such as mentioning the good men of the Water Margin, on the left one is "fighting righteousness and neglecting wealth", and the right one is "righteous courage and loyalty to the liver". Some people say that Song Jiang is the boss of the underworld, and no matter where he goes, as long as someone hears his name, he will worship him, which makes no sense. Song Jiang is indeed very famous, but this fame is not obtained by manipulating the forces of the underworld, nor is it that others are afraid of him, and he is terrified of seeing the "black big brother". On the contrary, Song Jiang's fame is mainly his righteous spirit touching, he is good at helping people. People's attitude toward him lies in admiring him and wanting to take the initiative to get close to him, rather than the small people in the underworld passively giving the black boss a salute, which is a principled difference. "Shandong Timely Rain" and "Hebei Jade Qilin", these names, are all permeated with people's love for them, and have nothing to do with "black".
Fifth, look at the poems scattered in the chapters. "Water Margin" inherits the tradition of interspersing poetry in the story of the script, and describes and comments on characters and events in the form of poetry in many places, reflecting the author's love and hatred and views. The reflection of these poems on the author's ideological tendencies is more vivid and direct than the story itself, and often has a defining effect. Please see the description of Zhu Tong: "Righteous and loyal to the liver Haojie, proficient in martial arts in the chest, outstanding hero." A curved bow can shoot a tiger, and a sword can be used to curse a dragon. A cousin of gods and ghosts is afraid, describing the awe-inspiring wind. The face is red like a heavy jujube, the cloud is long and reborn, and the person is beautiful and hairy. The whole poem clearly expresses the author's love and praise for zhu Tong, a heroic character, who can say that Shi Nai'an is writing about gangster characters, are gangster characters so cute? It is still described in this way for people like Zhu Tong, not to mention the description of the more important characters of Water Margin. For example, when Wu Yong persuaded San Nguyen to participate in the robbery of the birthday program, the author had a poem: "Pedantic knowledge of books loves money, and Ruan Lang's fishing pleasure is also leisurely." Only because the unjust golden pearl went, the crowd gathered together to come to righteousness. When Wu Xuejue and Chao Gai discussed, the author had such a poem: "If you do not have officials, you will steal, and if you lose your surplus, you will steal it." Ji just had to be calm and laugh at his treasure to hurry. These poems, speaking out and speaking bluntly, unmistakably express the affirmation of the nature of the robbery and point out the theme of the shot for justice. Before watching "Water Margin", when I saw these poems, I always jumped over, no matter what was written, anyway, I continued to watch the plot. Now that I study Water Margin, I find that these poems play an important role in our exploration of what ideas the author wants to express through stories.
Author: Lu Ming, male, born in 1960, pen name Yellow River into the sea. Retired cadre of Yuncheng County CPC Committee, Chairman of Yuncheng County Writers Association, President of County Poetry Society. He is a member of the Shandong Writers Association, the vice president of the Heze Poetry Society, a special researcher of the Shuihu Culture Research Base of Heze University, and a scholar of historical and cultural research in Yuncheng County. He has published more than 100 essays, more than 20 novels, and more than 1,000 poems and poems in various newspapers and online platforms such as Guangming Daily, Shandong Literature, and Times Literature, of which HezeFu was published in Guangming Daily. He is the author of six cultural books, including "Zhengyu Water Margin", "Impression of Water Margin", "Exploration of Good Han Culture", "Yuncheng Literature and History Examination Strategy" (three volumes), and the chief editor of "Selected Literary Works of Yuncheng", "Yuncheng Wenyun", "Water Margin Biography", and "Water Margin Wine Story" four works. In Heze TV, he lectured on the thirteenth issue of Water Margin Culture.
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