Hello everyone, here is the hanabi banknote encyclopedia, I am hanabi.
In these issues, I'm going to start talking about Japanese banknotes, the yen, and I also have a few yen notes in my hand, which are several different versions.
In this video, I will take a look at japanese yen banknotes from the aspects of circulating banknotes, yen paper, and design, and talk about the yen.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the basic situation</h1>
The yen (Japanese: 円) is the name of the Japanese monetary unit, also known as the Yen, and is the legal tender of Japan, created on May 1, 1871.
The Japanese yen currency symbol is "¥", which is the same as the symbol of the renminbi. If the two currencies are to appear at the same time, add the word CNY before the symbol "¥" in the renminbi, or add the word JPY before the yen to distinguish.
The Kanji 円 has exactly the same meaning as the Chinese "circle". Standard Japanese writes "en" in Roman for "円", but the spelling in English is "yen".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > distribution and printing agency</h1>
Bank of Japan bills are printed by the National Printing Bureau and then issued by the Bank of Japan in accordance with the Bank of Japan Act, and the banknotes are called Bank of Japan Bills, which are the legal tender in Japan with unlimited legal compensation.
The Bank of Japan is the central bank of Japan and is often referred to simply as the Bank of Japan in Japan. The Bank of Japan is represented by the president of the bank. The current president is Tohihiko Kuroda, who took office on March 20, 2013.
The National Printing Bureau is Japan's banknote printing factory, and since 1877, when it began printing the first yen banknote, it has been a printing agency for Japanese banknotes for more than 140 years, and its business scope includes securities such as banknotes and stamps, as well as passports, postal savings passbooks and other documents.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > paper money in circulation</h1>
The most widely circulated Bank of Japan bills are the E bills issued in 2004 (10,000 yen bills, 5,000 yen bills, 1,000 yen bills) and the D bills issued in 2000 and the 2,000 yen bills issued in 2000. Except for the D2,000 yuan coupon, the other D coupons have been rapidly recovered.
Among them, because most people only save the 2,000 yuan coupons as commemorative banknotes and do not use them, the circulation rate is too low, accounting for only 0.7% of the total paper money, and after 2003, the National Printing Office no longer prints 2,000 yuan coupons. Since the front of the 2,000-bill is printed with the first gate, the symbol of Okinawa Prefecture, the highest proportion of the use of 2,000 yuan banknotes is Okinawa Prefecture.
On April 9, 2019, Japanese Government Finance Minister Taro Aso officially announced that he will replace the banknote design in the first half of fiscal 2024 and introduce new banknotes of 10,000 yen, 5,000 yen and 1,000 yen, using the portraits of Eiichi Shibusawa, Umeko Tsuda, and Shibasaburo Kitasato on the obverse.
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > yen paper</h1>
When you compare the yen with other banknotes, it is obvious that the yen notes are yellowish, which is due to the fact that the yen uses a special process to process the paper.
This paper is mainly made of Three-oak bark and other cotton and hemp fibers produced in Japan.
Paper toughness, stiffness and wear resistance are better, long-term circulation fiber is not loose, lintless, not broken. It takes on a characteristic yellow color in daylight.
Cotton fiber length makes the paper not easy to break, good ink absorption, not easy to fade; hemp fiber is strong and tough, so that the paper is structured, long-term circulation is not hairy, water, oil and some chemicals have a certain ability to repel.
This paper has been used since 1879 and has been used ever since, and there are 4 denominations of yen banknotes printed from this paper.
In addition, there is no security line buried in the yen banknote, which may be a reflection of confidence in its own anti-counterfeiting technology.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > watermark</h1>
The yen has three most characteristics, one is the classical and elegant style, the second is the special yellow paper, and the third is the strongest watermark.
The world's earliest banknote watermark paper was issued by the Stockholm Bank in Sweden in 1666, which was the first time that the Swedes applied watermark to banknotes. It is the Japanese who play the watermark of banknotes to the extreme.
Let's first look at a comparison to see, the 2019 version of the rmb and the 1963 edition of 1000 yen, in fact, the new version of the RMB watermark has been very good, but compared with the yen's worst portrait watermark, there is still a gap.
The watermark of this 1,000 yen note issued in 1963, although it is not a super level, is not bad, and it is still world-class.
The watermarks of other denominations, let's take a look at them one by one.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > banknote design</h1>
After World War II, the design style of the yen was basically portraits of people on the front and well-known Japanese architecture, scenery, flora and fauna, calligraphy and paintings on the back. In the future, the single variety will be introduced in detail, and there will be more to say here.
Design style
Since the 1950s, the style of yen banknotes has had a simple and elegant style, the banknotes are plain and not bright, there is no high contrast and high saturation color, and there is no bright blind design anti-counterfeiting element. The font follows the "Great Tibetan Script" as the banknote font, which has remained unchanged for decades. The layout can be said to be enduring, and the frontal composition form is closed or semi-closed traditional composition. Wait a minute.
The overall feeling is that it is simple and elegant, and there is a faint "sexual frigidity" wind.
Chinese character
Yen banknotes have Bank of Japan bills on the front, bank of Japan, Latin pinyin "NIPPON GINKO "Bank of Japan", currency unit name "YEN (Yuan)", all kinds of banknotes have no issue date, the head of the issuing unit is in the form of a seal, that is, the front is "Seal of the President" and the back of the "Issuing Director" stamp.
The obverse is also printed with Chinese characters such as manufacturing by the Printing Bureau of the Ministry of Finance, or manufacturing by the National Printing Bureau, depending on the version of the banknotes.
The Ministry of Finance and Finance is the central government fiscal agency that existed in Japan from the Meiji Restoration until 2000, and is responsible for Japan's finance, finance, and taxation. The Printing Bureau of the Ministry of Finance is a subordinate organ of the Ministry of Finance.
In 2001, the Ministry of Finance was reorganized into the Ministry of Finance and the Department of Finance (mainly responsible for banking supervision), and the Printing Bureau of the Ministry of Finance was renamed the Printing Bureau of the Ministry of Finance.
In April 2003, the Printing Bureau was separated from the Ministry of Finance as an independent legal person, and the "Printing Bureau of the Ministry of Finance" was changed to the "National Printing Bureau" that we are familiar with today, and it is still used today.
numbering
Each Bank of Japan bill has a separate number on it, and generally banknotes with the same number do not exist. However, when all the numbers are exhausted and need to be reused, the number of the banknote will be printed in another color for identification.
It is usually classified in four colors: black, blue, brown, and green.
The C 1000 Yen Coupon (Ito Hirobumi) is available in black and blue numbers, while the D 10,000 Yen Coupon (Fukuzawa Yukichi) and the D 5,000 Yen Coupon (Nitodo Inazō) are printed in black first, followed by brown. As for the D 1000 Yen Coupon (Natsume Soseki), 4 colors have been used. There are also printed errors that make the wrong version of the banknote of the same color and number flow to the market.
The above is a brief introduction to Japanese yen banknotes, so welcome to watch. If there is a deficiency, please point it out.
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