On March 12, 1925, Mr. Sun, a great man of the generation, passed away. When Mr. Sun left, the warlord Zhang Zuolin simply tore off all disguises and replaced the seemingly real Beijing regime with his own Anguo military government, and his power reached its peak.
Zhang Zuolin, the leader of the Feng clan, was opposed to our party, so as soon as he came to power, he aimed his spearhead at The famous party member Mr. Li Dazhao (for various reasons, the title is replaced by mr. Li below).
Zhang Zuolin
One morning, Zhang Zuolin received a direct call from Wu Wen, director of the Beijing Police Department. Logically, a small director of the Police Department could not get in direct contact with Zhang Zuolin under any circumstances, but this time the situation was special and was authorized by Zhang Dashuai.
Wu Wen reported excitedly on the phone: "Mr. Li, a professor at Peking University and a famous communist, who has disappeared for a long time, has appeared. ”
First, they found Li Bohai, who was behaving strangely, not far from the Soviet Embassy in China, and arrested him. Li Bohai is a student of Mr. Li's Peking University, during which time, Li Bohai joined the Communist Party of China through Mr. Li's introduction, and later became a professional revolutionary, and successively served as the secretary of the district party committee, the director of the propaganda department, and the secretary of the municipal party committee.
Before they could use their punishment, Li Bohai confessed in their entirety: Years ago, after Mr. Li hid in the Soviet Embassy in China in Dongjiaomin Lane, Li Bohai was responsible for Mr. Li's contact with the outside world and was an important liaison officer for Mr. Li...
After listening to Wu Wen's report, Zhang Zuolin decisively ordered: "Arrest Mr. Li immediately." Be sure to have everything in place. Then report to me! ”
Zhang Zuolin was born in the green forest, and Zhang Xueliang once commented on his father: "There is a great talent, but there is no big plan." More generally, Zhang Zuolin's thinking is old, unacceptable to the new things advocated by young people, and Mr. Li's purpose is to overthrow the government and turn China into a country like the Soviet Union. This is something that Zhang Zuolinwan cannot tolerate.
Mr. Li studied in Japan in 1913, and during his time in Japan, he threw himself into the struggle against Yuan Shikai. After returning to China, he served as a professor at Peking University, trained a group of his own students, and had a great influence; and personally led a series of anti-imperialist, anti-feudal, anti-warlord fighting fronts such as the "May Fourth Movement" in 1919.
What's more, the March 18 Movement was launched in March 1926. Mr. Li took to the streets many times, gave speeches among the masses of the people, and even pointed the spearhead at zhang Zuolin, attacking the Anguo military government he formed a few years ago, ignoring the will of the people, and making a lot of trouble... Zhang Zuolin deeply felt that Mr. Li would hinder his development, and execution was imperative.
However, years ago, after he issued the order to arrest Mr. Li, Mr. Li seemed to evaporate in the world, and suddenly there was no trace to follow. Now that there is news, Zhang Zuolin naturally cannot let go.
According to the Xinugu Treaty, in the embassy area of Dongjiaomin Lane, all embassies enjoy extraterritorial jurisdiction, and the Chinese military and police cannot enter and arrest anyone. In the past, Kang, Liang, and Zhang Xun, who failed to restore, all took refuge here.
After the October Revolution in Soviet Russia, the Soviet Union itself abrogated the unequal treaties that had historically been imposed on China, and the Soviet Embassy also exempted itself from diplomatic immunity. In this way, they were facilitated in their arrest of Mr. Lee.
On the morning of April 6, 1927, the gray Beijing had not yet woken up from its dream. Wu Wenqin, director of the Beijing Division Police Department, led a large number of more than 300 military and police officers into several large military open-top trucks, drove into the embassy area with great speed, and stopped in front of the Soviet Embassy with great enthusiasm, but the car was not yet stopped, and a large number of policemen wearing black uniforms, wearing large hats, and carrying guns and live ammunition jumped from the cars one after another, and were ridiculed by the Beijing people as "black dogs." I saw two heavy, Russian-style doors of the embassy closed. The Soviet Embassy was surrounded by high walls, with Russian-style buildings on two floors and one bottom, a red brick wall with high ceilings and wide windows, and the walls were crawling with green vines like waterfalls. The Soviet government did not recognize Zhang Zuolin's Anguo military government, and the Soviet ambassador returned to China to report for duty, and there were not many people in the embassy. At this time, the loud police went up and shouted to open the door, and no one in the embassy paid attention. Wu Wen selected 10 big men from among the many policemen, asked them to be together, and used their bodies as stakes to forcibly knock on the door, and after continuous impact, they finally slammed open the gate with a bang.
The Soviet embassy staff member Gambuk, who remained in the town guard, heard the noise, went forward to loudly stop the ineffectiveness, pulled out his pistol and fired a shot in the air, in order to give Mr. Guillaume a hint. Among the military police, some people came forward to grab and control Gambuk, and more kuroko rushed up and went upstairs to arrest Mr. Li. When the gunshots rang out, Mr. Li was working in the study on the second floor, his eldest daughter Xinghua, who had just entered middle school, was sitting on a bench reading the newspaper in the outer room, and Mr. Li's wife, Zhao Xiulan, took his younger daughter Yanhua for a walk in the backyard. Hearing the sharp gunshots, Xinghua threw down the newspaper in fright, ran in and threw herself into his father's arms. Mr. Li calmly stood up and comforted his daughter while looking up from the window. Mr. Li was moderately tall, wearing a black robe, short hair, a thick and dark beard on his lips, the ends of his beard were raised upwards like two sharp swords, and his oblong face wore a pair of glasses. The whole look shows a strong scholarly spirit, as well as solemnity and wisdom. Looking out the window, he knew the last thing he wanted to see happen. Subsequently, Mr. Li, his family and his entourage were taken away.
On January 30, 1927, Zhang Zuolin decided to kill Mr. Li on the grounds of "colluding with Soviet Russia and plotting to subvert the current regime."
However, Mr. Li's arrest shocked the whole country, and all parties participated in the rescue. Zhang Zuolin had to be scrupulous, and under strong social pressure, Zhang Zuolin had to let go of Mr. Li's family. He personally asked his important generals about this matter, as well as Yan Xishan.
Except for the old oil son Yan Xishan, who did not reply, everyone else advocated execution, which gave Zhang Zuolin courage. Although the Soviet Russian and Japanese governments protested, Zhang Zuolin still issued an order for execution.
In prison, Mr. Li experienced cruel punishments, sitting in electric chairs, tiger stools, and pricking his fingers with bamboo sticks... In the end, he cruelly pulled out the fingernails of his hands, which made mr. Li's heart ache. But Mr. Did Not Show the Slightest Submission.
Zhang Zuolin's generation of people only spent their lives for fame and fortune, and naturally did not understand what faith was. He was shocked by the iron bones that Mr. Li showed, and he said to his subordinates: "I have never seen or understood such a person. Is He not a man, but a God? ”
Yang Yuting took the opportunity to invite favors and returned: "I have a personal relationship with him, and I am willing and sure to go to prison to make him soft and use it for me." ”
Zhang Zuolin agreed. Yang Yuting came to prison and did not open his mouth, but was recognized by Mr. Li at a glance. Mr. Li said bluntly: "Zhang Zuolin is the son of a vicious person, and Wu Peifu, who was defeated by him, is the son of a wolf." They are all one hill. How can I serve people like them!" Don't! ”
The angry Yang Yuting widened his eyes in anger, "Then you should wait to die." "After saying that, I whisked my sleeves away and returned home."
One night in April 1927, Mr. Lee and his colleagues were taken to the gallows. Mr. Li took the initiative to walk to the execution table, and his iron bone made the executioner dare not look into his eyes, and the trembling hand was laborious and time-consuming, and finally put the rope around Mr. Li's neck.
The hanging was painful, the feet had to be wrenched, and the body was shaking. But mr. Ke, with his strong will, did not react at all.
References: The Complete Biography of Zhang Zuolin and Zhang Xueliang - Tian Wenyi; The Final End of the Chinese Warlord - Yang Fan