Wen │ Yin Bo
People at home, enjoying the treasures of financial literature.
In the face of the severe test of the epidemic, in addition to doing a good job in daily epidemic prevention work, the Bank Museum has adopted temporary closure measures, integrated the collection resources, and opened an online "cloud exhibition" to provide a financial cultural experience for the majority of audiences during the closure period.
In this issue, we will continue to introduce the museum's many precious and rare three-dimensional collections, inviting you to cross the walls of the museum and meet in the clouds to enjoy them.
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Cloud Exhibition · Financial Instruments Exhibition (Part 2)
In the development process of more than 160 years, the modern banking industry has used countless appliances, tools and various office supplies for handling various businesses, as well as cash boxes and cabinets for storing currency and important vouchers, etc. These physical objects faithfully record the operation process of banking business and reflect the production level of banks at that time. In order to absorb savings more widely and promote business, at that time, various banks designed unique and diverse business publicity materials, and gave birth to various publications and magazines published by financial industry associations, which also reflected a lost history and became an important part of financial culture.
01
Juxingcheng Bank Calendar
Juxingcheng Bank was established by the Yang Wenguang family in Sichuan Province. In the early days, it engaged in cotton, yarn, and miscellaneous goods, and also engaged in foreign exchange. Later, due to the expansion of business, it was reorganized into a bank in 1913, and it was the earliest private bank in Sichuan, known as the "head of Sichuan Bang Bank". The head office is located in Chongqing, and has branches in shanghai, Hankou, Tianjin, Guangzhou and other more than 20 places, becoming one of the main commercial banks in old China. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the board of directors of the bank decided to set up the Shanghai office of the general office and exercise the functions and powers of the general management office.
The calendar is a promotional material printed by Juxingcheng Bank in 1937, each page in addition to the next year, month and day, the middle of the eye-catching place is the bank's promotional content, the content of the bank's nature, purpose, service objects, business types, savings varieties, etc., and with illustrations, the benefits of savings are vividly depicted, is an exquisite publicity material of the early bank, its preservation is complete, it is also rare.
02
Guohua Bank's 20th anniversary tea bowl
Gai Bowl, also known as "Three Talents Bowl", is named after "Three Talents", which is in line with the philosophy of "Heaven Covers, Earth, and Human Education", and is full of traditional Chinese charm.
The set of tea bowls is a souvenir of the 20th anniversary of the founding of the Bank of China in 1948. Guohua Bank was officially opened in January 1928, with its head office in Shanghai, operating savings, trusts, warehouses, foreign exchange and other businesses until December 1952, when it merged with other banks and reorganized into a public-private joint venture bank. This set of tea bowls is a daily necessity, fragile, and it is extremely rare to preserve it intact.
03
Bank of Shanghai Shanghai Payment Map
Shanghai Commercial and Savings Bank was founded in 1915, the general manager Chen Guangfu, also known as "Bank of Shanghai". The bank pioneered "serving the society", starting from a small place, advocating integrity, stability and innovation in business style, and the rapid development of its business, from a "small bank" at the beginning of its establishment to one of the top private banks in China. The bank also founded China's first travel agency, China Travel Service. This Bank of Shanghai solution map is a very practical business promotional material, the map according to the distribution of the main branch of the Bank of Shanghai, divided into eleven areas, each area with the name of the branch, the figure with red dots to indicate the location of the bank, with a red "convex" shape to indicate the location of the Bank of Shanghai warehouse, with a red five-star to represent the location of China Travel Agency. The chart not only facilitates customer deposits and withdrawals, but also shows the strength and scale of the bank, publicizes the bank's business, and plays a good role in counting in one fell swoop. The bank's payment map is a see-only product.
04
The bank's weekly report compiles a large set
Bank Weekly is one of the earliest financial journals in Shanghai. It was first published in May 1917 and remained unregistered until March 1950. A total of 34 volumes and 1635 issues were published. It was launched under the auspices of Zhang Jiazhang, then deputy manager of Bank of China Shanghai Branch. In addition to comments, its content is mainly to report financial information of banks in various places, introduce financial organizations and their management experience, and attach importance to studying the country's financial problems and the major construction of the country's financial undertakings. It also compiled and published statistical data on finance, commerce, and market conditions, and published supplements to economic statistics, which had a greater influence on the financial circles, industrial and commercial circles, and even government agencies at that time. On the eve of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the publication's circulation had reached 20,000 copies. A professional publication that has been published continuously for more than thirty years, it is unique in China's financial circles. At present, there are only three sets of the complete set of "Bank Weekly" that have survived in its entirety, and this set is the best preserved by its editor Feng Ziming.
05
A set of money stamps
The seal of Qianzhuang is mostly used on all kinds of ticket stickers of Qianzhuang and has a very important position. They have different forms and different uses, and they have the three functions of anti-counterfeiting, decoration and humanistic education.
Traditional qianzhuang seals often use some patterns that are popular with folk and have special meanings. For example, the head-up chapter often uses the god of wealth holding a happy post or the bangs of the golden toad holding a money play, which means that the source of wealth is widespread and the fortune is prosperous; the hehe erxian indicates that business transactions should be harmonious and wealthy; the cornucopia and the gold yuanbao are the meaning of gathering wealth; ding is a symbol of integrity, and whether it is business or a person must be said in a word; the combination of painting, vase and jade chime represents auspicious celebration and peace. Shochikumei's "Three Friends of the Cold Year" alludes to the need for a gentleman to have a gentleman's demeanor; the qinqi calligraphy and painting allude to the literati and scholars; the echo symbolizes the boundless wealth and nobility; and the word "" is a symbol of auspiciousness and happiness in Buddhism. The head-up chapter and the pledge chapter often write some auspicious words of the seal book, while the anti-counterfeiting chapter will use some ancient chinese chapters, enlightenment readings, ancient poems and so on that are more familiar to the people.
During the Republic of China period, the number of qianzhuang printed more than 300 square meters, ranking first in the country, and the variety was even richer. On the texture, there are wooden chapters, horn chapters, bronze medallions, etc.; there are various geometric shapes and portrait-shaped chapters on the shape; functionally it is divided into head-up chapters, mortgage chapters, landing chapters, riding seam seals, anti-counterfeiting seals, set of character chapters, etc. For example, the seal of "Zheng Jia Ji Yang Dexing", the surrounding text is the full text of "Zhu Zi Jia Xun", a total of 522 words, each word is only the size of half a grain of rice, which is breathtaking, and it is a major orphan product in the world.
06
A set of steel engraved banknotes
Engraving steel gravure technology is a very difficult skill that combines the art of painting, engraving and technique. The engraver must have a certain foundation in painting, coupled with his own artistic inspiration, in order to reverse engrave a manuscript (drawing or photo) on a special steel plate. Without years of tempering and profound literacy, it is difficult to achieve the expected artistic effect. Generally speaking, an excellent engraved intaglio cannot be imitated. Not only is it difficult for others to imitate, but it is also difficult for the carver himself to carve out the same piece of steel plate that is exactly the same and not badly textured. In particular, the carving of human heads not only requires a strong sense of three-dimensionality, clear layers, and clear lines (including hair and face line), but also directly on the steel plate on the knife, a little careless, will be abandoned. Therefore, the carving of a good steel intaglio human head is actually a process of artistic re-creation, which requires half a year of fine carving to complete. Steel gravure is used for banknote printing, which can not only enrich the content of the ticket, but also has strong anti-counterfeiting performance, other printing methods are difficult to compare, and still have high practical value, but also continue to develop and improve.
This batch of American banknote company banknotes, including some of the rollers used in the shaft, a total of more than 800 pieces, both the entire banknote plate, but also the characters, architecture, scenery and other local main patterns, well preserved, carefully viewed under the magnifying glass, all the details are scratched little by little, all show the profound skill of the engraver, the pieces are called artistic masterpieces, the pieces are unique orphans, even the old experts of the mint who have been engaged in the engraving of banknote plates for many years are amazed.
07
A set of piggy banks
The bank gives business promotional materials to customers for the purpose of conducting business or on the anniversary of CCB. Piggy banks are mostly made of metal with keyholes at the bottom or side. The name of the bank is prominently printed on the front or above it, and in addition to the import of the deposited coins, there are also round holes to roll up the banknotes and tuck them in. Piggy banks of different shapes can be used to give away customers of different levels. Savings is a very important business for banks, and savings is equivalent to the word "thrifty" in the traditional Chinese concept, so the savings bank as a bank gift not only promotes banking business, but also expresses a traditional virtue, which is a very distinctive bank gift. should
From the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China period, there are more than 100 kinds of savings tanks of various types of banks, with rich types and diverse shapes, including traditional tank and box shapes, as well as chic books, buildings, gods and Buddhas, animals, and full shapes, with a variety of forms. Each piece is a unique piece of art and collection value.
08
Business license of Shanghai Overseas Chinese Commercial and Industrial Bank
The business license is issued by the Numismatic Department of the Ministry of Finance of the Japanese and puppet governments, and the content of the license includes the name, organization, total capital, business scope, years of existence, place of existence, directors, supervisors and other details of the applicant institution. The license has the signatures of Zhou Fohai and Zhong Jiajun at the bottom left, and since 1940 Zhou Fohai has been the finance minister of the Wang puppet government, so this financial institution is registered under the Japanese puppet government.
After the surrender of Japan in 1945, all such financial institutions were accepted by the Nationalist government and underwent a thorough restructuring and reorganization, so it is extremely difficult to preserve the licenses to this day.
09
A set of ink cartridges and copper pen holders
Cartridges are generally made of brass or white copper, and the boxes are filled with cotton or silk to absorb ink. Because it is light and flexible, and can maintain the smoothness and black brightness of the ink, the ink cartridge gradually surpassed the stone stone and became a must-have item on the desks of the business accounting room, private schools, and literati inkers at that time.
This set of copper ink cartridges was made of white copper and was a gift given to customers by various banks at that time. Generally, copper ink cartridges are engraved with poetry, calligraphy, paintings, seals and other decorations, and the special feature of these ink cartridges is that the name of the bank is conspicuously engraved on the surface of the box, such as Jincheng Bank, Bank of China, Bank of Communications, Meishang Meiye Bank, Dazhong Bank, etc., which has played a role in publicity and promotion for the bank. The copper pen holder is also a promotional material for the bank, the copper tube is hollow, the brush can be inserted, and the higher beam is printed with the words of the Daimyo Peasants' and Workers' Bank.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the literati exchanged ink cartridges and pen holders once been popular, because the stationery supplies are not only a very elegant gift, but also have good practicality, many celebrations and commemorative activities will make stationery supplies as a souvenir, so the bank also produces such business publicity materials according to the preferences of different customers. To a certain extent, this has played a very good role in attracting customers and increasing feelings. This set of copper ink cartridges and pen holders are only available.
10
Modern Money House Mahogany Balance
China was the first country to invent and use balances, and the principle of balances was recorded in the Ink Classics of the Spring and Autumn Period, and a large number of balance rods, copper plates and copper rights were unearthed in tombs. The balance is made of mahogany with a lift beam on top, which is fitted with the scale rod and hook of the balance, and the base and tray below. In addition to the balance itself, there is a set of copper weights, 16 two systems, the smallest 1 coin, the largest 30 two.